E-MTAB-7451
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
PROVIDER: E-MTAB-7451 | ExpressionAtlas | 2021-01-19
REPOSITORIES: ExpressionAtlas
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Project description:Protein Kinase C alpha (PKC) is a critical mediator of cell signaling and cancer growth. We show that PKC inhibitors decrease proliferation in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) cells and abrogate growth of SCCHN tumors in mouse xenografts. Analysis of gene expression arrays reveals that PKC regulates cell cycle genes required for DNA synthesis. In particular, PKC increases cyclin E protein expression, cyclinE/cdk2 complex formation, and transcription of cyclin E and E2F target genes. Consistent with this mechanism, expression of cyclin E rescues the block in DNA synthesis caused by PKC inhibition. In SCCHN tissue, PKC and cyclin E expression increase progressively from normal and dysplastic to malignant human head and neck tissue. Furthermore, PKC expression correlates with poor prognosis in SCCHN. These results demonstrate that PKC regulates growth by stimulating DNA synthesis through cyclin E and E2F and identify PKC as a therapeutic target that is highly expressed in aggressive SCCHN. Keywords: time course; dose response
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Project description:Oncogene-induced senescence is an important tumor suppressor mechanism that limits proliferation of cells harboring oncogenic mutations. Through a genome-wide screen, we discovered a conserved snoRNA, SNORA13, that is required for this pathway. Although SNORA13 guides the pseudouridylation of a highly conserved nucleotide in the ribosomal decoding center, loss of this snoRNA minimally impacts translation. Instead, we found that SNORA13 negatively regulates ribosome biogenesis. Oncogenic stress perturbs ribosome biogenesis, resulting in the accumulation of free ribosomal proteins (RPs) that trigger p53 activation. We showed that SNORA13 interacts directly with RPL23, decreasing its incorporation into maturing 60S subunits and, consequently, increasing the pool of free RPs, thereby promoting the p53-mediated senescence program. Thus, SNORA13 regulates ribosome biogenesis and the p53 pathway through a non-canonical mechanism distinct from its role in guiding RNA modification. These findings expand our understanding of snoRNA functions and the roles of these abundant noncoding RNAs in cellular signaling.
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