Project description:Chickens divergently selected for either high abdominal fat content (fat genotype) or low abdominal fat content (lean genotype) at SRA-INRA, France were used to profile pituitary gland gene expression during juvenile development (1 to 7 weeks of age) and to identify differentially expressed genes associated with genotype and age. The fat line (FL) and lean line (LL) chickens are different in various phenotypic and metabolic measurements, including abdominal fatness, plasma glycemia, and T3. The FL and LL chickens represent unique models for characterizing biomedical and agricultural traits. The Del-Mar 14K Chicken Integrated Systems microarrays were used for a transcriptional scan in the pituitary gland during juvenile development using a reference design for the hybridization of total RNA from the pituitary gland. A reference RNA pool was made from an equal amount of high-quality total RNA extracted from all of the samples. Each of the microarrays was co-hybridized with Cy3-labeled cDNA targets from one of the pituitary samples and Cy5-labled cDNA targets from the reference pituitary RNA pool. Log2-transformed fluorescence intensities were analyzed with a mixed model. Two-way ANOVA (SAS) of log2 ratios was used to detect significant (p<0.05) differences by line, age, and the line-by-age interaction. There were 1150 significantly different genes between the two lines, and 339 of these genes exhibited greater than 0.68-fold differences in their log2 ratios (highest group mean at least 160% of the lowest group mean). One thousand four hundred twenty nine genes were significantly different by age and of these, 583 exhibited fold changes greater than 0.68 in the log2 ratio. There were 145 genes that significantly differed in their line-by-age interaction, and 62 of these exhibited greater than 0.68-fold differences. There were 386 genes with significant differences by line or for line-by-age interaction with at least a 0.68-fold change in log2 ratio and n ≥ 2 for each experimental group. Four biological replicates were analyzed, each consisting of a complete set of individual samples from pituitary glands of Fat and Lean line chickens at week 1, week 3, week 5, or week 7 of age. Amplified antisense RNA from each sample was analyzed using Del-Mar 14 K array in a reference design. Each experimental sample (Fat and Lean Weeks 1, 3, 5, and 7) was labeled with Cy3 and hybridized with an aliquot of the Cy5 reference pool, which was generated from all 32 RNA samples.

Project description:Chickens divergently selected for either high abdominal fat content (fat genotype) or low abdominal fat content (lean genotype) at SRA-INRA, France were used to profile abdominal adipose gene expression during juvenile development (1 to 11 weeks of age) and to identify differentially expressed genes associated with genotype and age. The fat line (FL) and lean line (LL) chickens are different in various phenotypic and metabolic measurements, including abdominal fatness, plasma glycemia and T3. The FL and LL chickens represent unique models for characterizing biomedical and agricultural traits. The Del-Mar 14K Chicken Integrated Systems microarrays were used for a transcriptional scan in abdominal adipose during juvenile development using a balanced block hybridization design. Fluorescence intensities were normalized within array (without background subtraction), and between array (aquantile method) in LIMMA package R [Smyth, G. K. (2004) Linear models and empirical Bayes methods for assessing differential expression in microarray experiments. Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vol. 3, No. 1, Article 3] producing M-values (log-2 expression ratios) and A-values (average log-2 expression values). Normalized values were analyzed using a two factor ANOVA model. A total of 1,020 differentially expressed functional genes were identified (FDR<0.05). Genes were determined to have a significant effect of age (422), genotype (344), or an age by genotype interaction (254). The differentially expressed genes include metabolic enzymes, acute phase proteins, growth factors, coagulation factors, immune factors and transcription factors involved in various pathways. Several of the functional genes are also identified as positional candidate genes within QTLs in an F2 population established from an intercross between the FL and LL lines. Keywords: Divergently selected chickens, fatness, transcriptional profiling, differentially expressed genes A balanced block design was used for microarray hybridizations, where half of the birds of each genotype and age were labeled with Alexa Flour 647 (red) and the other half with Alexa Flour 555 (green). Four biological replicates were used for each genotype (FL or LL) at six different ages (1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 wk).

Project description:Chickens divergently selected for either high abdominal fat content (fat genotype) or low abdominal fat content (lean genotype) at SRA-INRA, France were used to profile abdominal adipose gene expression during juvenile development (1 to 11 weeks of age) and to identify differentially expressed genes associated with genotype and age. The fat line (FL) and lean line (LL) chickens are different in various phenotypic and metabolic measurements, including abdominal fatness, plasma glycemia and T3. The FL and LL chickens represent unique models for characterizing biomedical and agricultural traits. The Del-Mar 14K Chicken Integrated Systems microarrays were used for a transcriptional scan in abdominal adipose during juvenile development using a balanced block hybridization design. Fluorescence intensities were normalized within array (without background subtraction), and between array (aquantile method) in LIMMA package R [Smyth, G. K. (2004) Linear models and empirical Bayes methods for assessing differential expression in microarray experiments. Statistical Applications in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Vol. 3, No. 1, Article 3] producing M-values (log-2 expression ratios) and A-values (average log-2 expression values). Normalized values were analyzed using a two factor ANOVA model. A total of 3,669 unique differentially expressed functional genes were identified (FDR<0.05). Genes were determined to have a significant effect of age (3,222), genotype (344), or an age by genotype interaction (254). The differentially expressed genes include metabolic enzymes, acute phase proteins, growth factors, coagulation factors, immune factors and transcription factors involved in various pathways. Several of the functional genes are also identified as positional candidate genes within QTLs in an F2 population established from an intercross between the FL and LL lines. Keywords: Divergently selected chickens, fatness, transcriptional profiling, differentially expressed genes

Project description:The purpose of this microarray experiment was to validate the Del-Mar 14K Chicken Integrated Systems Microarray for different chicken tissues and to determine the utility of this chicken cDNA microarray for other closely related and more distant avian species. The Del-Mar 14 K array was constructed from cDNAs amplified from EST clones sequenced from five normalized chicken cDNA libraries derived from neuroendocrine (5,929), abdominal fat (4,800), liver (2,635), skeletal muscle (2,398), reproductive tract (2,008), 387 long (70mer) oligonucleotides and 72 quality control spots. The array contains 17,770 cDNA clones, where protein matches were found by BlastX analysis for 68% of chicken contigs and 46% of singleton sequences represented on the array. A reference RNA design was used for the hybridization of total RNA from four chicken tissues (liver, abdominal fat, breast muscle and hypothalamus) and the cross-species hybridization (CSH) of total RNA from tissue from birds representing four orders of the Class Aves [Galliformes (chicken, Coturnix quail and domestic turkey), Anseriformes (Peking duck), Falconiformes (American kestrel) and Passeriformes (American tree sparrow)]. A reference RNA pool was made from an equal amount of high-quality total RNA extracted from chicken liver, abdominal fat, breast muscle and hypothalamus. Each of the 43 microarrays was co-hybridized with Cy3-labeled cDNA targets from one of the avian tissue samples and Cy5-labled cDNA targets from the reference chicken RNA pool. Loess-normalized data were used to determine the number of cDNAs expressed in chicken tissues and the number of genes (cDNAs) detectable by cross-hybridization with various avian tissue samples. The Cy5-labeled reference samples were used to determine the coefficient of variation across the 43 microarrays. This study shows a remarkably high level of cross hybridization of Cy3-labeled cDNA targets from a wide range of avian species to the Del-Mar 14K microarray, where 38 to 62% of the cDNA probes on the chicken array (genes) were detectable. Keywords: Transcriptional profiling, Del-Mar 14K Chicken Integrated Systems Microarray validation, multi-tissues, cross-species hybridization, class Aves

Project description:Chickens divergently selected for either high abdominal fat content (fat genotype) or low abdominal fat content (lean genotype) at SRA-INRA, France were used to profile pituitary gland gene expression during juvenile development (1 to 7 weeks of age) and to identify differentially expressed genes associated with genotype and age. The fat line (FL) and lean line (LL) chickens are different in various phenotypic and metabolic measurements, including abdominal fatness, plasma glycemia, and T3. The FL and LL chickens represent unique models for characterizing biomedical and agricultural traits. The Del-Mar 14K Chicken Integrated Systems microarrays were used for a transcriptional scan in the pituitary gland during juvenile development using a reference design for the hybridization of total RNA from the pituitary gland. A reference RNA pool was made from an equal amount of high-quality total RNA extracted from all of the samples. Each of the microarrays was co-hybridized with Cy3-labeled cDNA targets from one of the pituitary samples and Cy5-labled cDNA targets from the reference pituitary RNA pool. Log2-transformed fluorescence intensities were analyzed with a mixed model. Two-way ANOVA (SAS) of log2 ratios was used to detect significant (p<0.05) differences by line, age, and the line-by-age interaction. There were 1150 significantly different genes between the two lines, and 339 of these genes exhibited greater than 0.68-fold differences in their log2 ratios (highest group mean at least 160% of the lowest group mean). One thousand four hundred twenty nine genes were significantly different by age and of these, 583 exhibited fold changes greater than 0.68 in the log2 ratio. There were 145 genes that significantly differed in their line-by-age interaction, and 62 of these exhibited greater than 0.68-fold differences. There were 386 genes with significant differences by line or for line-by-age interaction with at least a 0.68-fold change in log2 ratio and n ≥ 2 for each experimental group.

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Hypothalamic transcriptional profiling during the development of adiposity

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