ABSTRACT: The RpoN-RpoS alternative sigma factor pathway is essential for key adaptive responses by Borrelia burgdorferi, particularly those involved in the infection of a mammalian host. A putative response regulator, Rrp2, ostensibly is required for activation of the RpoN-dependent transcription of rpoS. However, questions remain regarding the extent to which the three major constituents of this pathway (Rrp2, RpoN, and RpoS) act interdependently. To assess the functional interplay between Rrp2, RpoN, and RpoS, we employed microarray analyses to compare gene expression levels in rrp2, rpoN, or rpoS mutants of parental strain 297. We identified 98 genes that were similarly regulated by Rrp2, RpoN and RpoS, and an additional 47 genes were determined to be likely regulated by this pathway. The substantial overlap between genes regulated by RpoS and RpoN provides compelling evidence that these two alternative sigma factors form a congruous pathway and that RpoN regulates B. burgdorferi gene expression through RpoS. Although several known B. burgdorferi virulence determinants were regulated by the RpoN-RpoS pathway, a defined function has yet to be ascribed to most of the genes substantially regulated by Rrp2, RpoN and RpoS, therefore providing additional avenues for future research into the genetic determinants contributing to virulence expression by B. burgdorferi. Keywords: gene profiling 297 (wt) vs rpoS mutant: 6 slides, 12 hybridizations (including dyeswaps), three biological replicates 297 (wt) vs rpoN mutant: 5 slides, 10 hybridizations (including dyeswaps), three biological replicates 297 (wt) vs rrp2 mutant: 6 slides, 12 hybridizations (including dyeswaps), three biological replicates 5A18 (wt) vs XY424.3 (rrp2 mutant): 5 slides, 10 hybridizations (including dyeswaps), three biological replicates 297 (wt) vs rpoS mutant: 6 slides, 12 hybridizations (including dyeswaps), three biological replicates 297 (wt) vs rpoN mutant: 5 slides, 10 hybridizations (including dyeswaps), three biological replicates 297 (wt) vs rrp2 mutant: 6 slides, 12 hybridizations (including dyeswaps), three biological replicates 5A18 (wt) vs XY424.3 (rrp2 mutant): 5 slides, 10 hybridizations (including dyeswaps), three biological replicates