Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Mouse gestational protein restriction: Newborn offspring liver and hindleg muscle

ABSTRACT: Gestational protein restriction is a model for low birth size. We hypothesized that taurine supplementation would protect against changes in newborn liver and muscle caused by a maternal low protein diet. Pregnant mouse dams were subjected to different diet schemes from day 1 of pregnancy until birth. Pups were killed following birth and liver and hindleg skeletal muscle taken out and frozen at -80C until analysis. Diet schemes: Normal Protein (20% casein; NP), Normal Protein + taurine (1% taurine supplementation in water ad libitum; NP+tau), Low Protein (8% casein; LP) and LP+tau The liver and muscle samples were normalized separately.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Ole Mortensen

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-12730 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Publications

Gestational protein restriction in mice has pronounced effects on gene expression in newborn offspring's liver and skeletal muscle; protective effect of taurine.

Mortensen Ole Hartvig OH Olsen Hanne Lodberg HL Frandsen Lis L Nielsen Peter Eigil PE Nielsen Finn Cilius FC Grunnet Niels N Quistorff Bjørn B

Pediatric research 20100101 1

<h4>Unlabelled</h4>We examined gene expression changes in liver and skeletal muscle of newborn mice subjected to a maternal low protein (LP) or normal protein (NP) diet during pregnancy, with or without taurine supplementation in the drinking water. LP offspring had a 40% lower birthweight than NP offspring, whereas it was reduced by only 20% with taurine supplementation. Microarray gene expression analysis revealed significant changes in 2012 genes in liver and 967 genes in skeletal muscle of L ...[more]

PMID: 19823102

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Project description:Taurine ameliorates changes occurring in newborn skeletal muscle as a result of gestational protein restriction in C57BL/6 mice, but taurine supplementation effects may be exaggerated in C57BL/6 mice due to their inherent excessive taurinuria. We examined if maternal taurine supplementation could ameliorate changes in gene expression levels, properties of mitochondria, myogenesis, and nutrient transport and sensing, in male newborn skeletal muscle caused by a maternal low protein (LP) diet in Wistar rats. LP diet resulted in an 11% non-significant decrease in birth weight, which was not rescued by taurine supplementation (LP-Tau). LP-Tau offspring had signifi-cantly lower birth weight compared to controls. Gene expression profiling revealed 895 significantly changed genes, mainly an LP-induced down-regulation of genes involved in protein translation. Taurine fully or partially rescued 32% of these changes, but with no distinct pattern as to which genes were rescued. Skeletal muscle taurine content in LP-Tau offspring was increased, but no changes in mRNA levels of the taurine synthesis pathway were observed. Taurine transporter mRNA levels, but not protein levels, were increased by LP diet. Nutrient sensing pathways were largely unaffected in LP or LP-Tau groups, although taurine supplementation caused an unexpected decrease in total Akt and AMPK protein levels. PAT4 amino acid transporter mRNA was increased by LP, and normalized by taurine supplementation. In conclusion, gestational protein restriction in rats decreased genes involved in protein translation in newborn skeletal muscle and led to changes in nutrient transporters. Taurine partly rescued these changes, hence underscoring the im-portance of taurine in development. We used microarrays to detail changes in global programme of gene expression in newborn offspring skeletal muscle brains from rats subjected to either a control diet, a low protein diet or a low protein diet + taurine supplementation

Project description:BACKGROUND: Protein undernutrition is prevalent mainly among elderly people, and it could develop diseases such as sarcopenia. Urinary metabolites may become biomarkers reflecting protein undernutrition, but this has been insufficiently investigated.OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to identify novel urinary metabolites as biomarker candidates responsive to protein undernutrition.METHODS: Adult male Wistar rats were fed an AIN-93 M diet [14% casein, control (CT) diet] or an AIN-93 M-based isocaloric diet [5% casein, low protein (LP) diet] for 4 weeks. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomic analysis was performed on urine samples weekly and on plasma and liver samples at week 4 to identify metabolites that respond to protein undernutrition. Liver samples were also subjected to mRNA microarray and quantitative PCR analyses at week 4 to investigate alterations of the gene expressions responsive to protein undernutrition.RESULTS: Urinary taurine levels were significantly lower in the LP group than in the CT group (79.7% lower) at week 1, and remained constant until week 4. Hepatic taurine level and gene expression level of cysteine dioxygenase type 1, the rate-limiting enzyme for taurine biosynthesis, were also significantly lower in the LP group than in the CT group (81.1% and 32.5% lower, respectively). Urinary trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels were significantly higher in the LP group than in the CT group (49.7% higher) at week 2, and remained constant until week 4. Hepatic TMAO level was also higher in the LP group than in the CT group (81.2% higher). Hepatic gene expression levels of flavin-containing monooxygenase 1 and 5, the enzymes for TMAO biosynthesis, were also significantly higher in the LP group than in the CT group (61.6% and 311.8% higher, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: Urinary taurine and TMAO levels substantially respond to LP diet ingestion, and may act as non-invasive biomarker candidates to detect protein undernutrition.

Dataset Information

Mouse gestational protein restriction: Newborn offspring liver and hindleg muscle

Publications

Gestational protein restriction in mice has pronounced effects on gene expression in newborn offspring's liver and skeletal muscle; protective effect of taurine.

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