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Effect of PPARγ inhibition on pulmonary endothelial cell gene expression: Gene profiling in pulmonary hypertension

ABSTRACT: The loss of PPARγ is found to be associated with the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH). We hypothesize that PPARγ inhibition induced gene expression changes may underscore the endothelial dysfunction in the disease process. We utilized microarray analysis to determine gene expression changes in PPARγ inhibited ovine PAECs. Ovine PAECs were treated with vehicle (DMSO) or GW9662 (5μM) for 24hrs, and total RNA was extracted for microarray analysis.

ORGANISM(S): Bos taurus

SUBMITTER: Jing Tian

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-14546 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Effect of PPARγ inhibition on pulmonary endothelial cell gene expression: Gene profiling in pulmonary hypertension

Project description:The loss of PPARγ is found to be associated with the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH). We hypothesize that PPARγ inhibition induced gene expression changes may underscore the endothelial dysfunction in the disease process. We utilized microarray analysis to determine gene expression changes in PPARγ inhibited ovine PAECs.

2009-12-28 | GSE14546 | GEO

Expression data from GW9662 treated FVB wild-type mouse mammary tumors

Project description:Microarrays were used to analyse global gene expression changes in tumors from wild-type mice treated with GW9662 RNA was isolated (RNeasy Mini Kit, Qiagen) from progestin/DMBA induced mammary tumors from wild-type mice treated with GW9662

2012-06-25 | E-GEOD-33762 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Adverse Effects of Bisphenol A and its substitute compounds on human SGBS preadipocytes

Project description:Bisphenol A (BPA), which is used in a variety of consumer-related plastic products, was reported to cause metabolic disruption. Substitute compounds are increasingly emerging, but are not sufficiently investigated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the mode of action of BPA and four of its substitutes during the differentiation of human preadipocytes. Human preadipocytes were exposed to BPA, BPS, BPB, BPF, and BPAF, as well as the PPARγ-antagonist GW9662. After 12 days of differentiation, global protein profiles were assessed using LC-MS/MS-based proteomics.

2021-08-05 | PXD023227 | Pride

Time-dependent global gene expression profile of J774A.1 cells treated with ManLAM in the absence or presence of GW9662

Project description:Transcriptional profiling of J7774A.1 cells treated with ManLAM ( 5ug/ml) for 6 h in the absence or presence of GW9662 J774A.1 cells were treated wit ManLAM either in the absence or presence of GW9662 for 6 h followed by total RNA isolation. Total RNA was labelled with Agilent’s quick-Amp labelling kit (p/n: 5190-0444) to generate fluorescent complementary RNA by using T7 promoter based linear amplification. The control sample was labelled with Cy3 while the infected samples were labelled with Cy5 and hybridized to an Agilent oligo microarray kit.

2015-09-02 | E-GEOD-72591 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Histone H3K9 Methyltransferase G9a Represses PPARγ Expression and Adipogenesis [Affymetrix expression data]

Project description:PPARγ promotes adipogenesis while Wnt proteins inhibit adipogenesis. However, the mechanisms that control expression of these positive and negative master regulators of adipogenesis remain incompletely understood. By genome-wide histone methylation profiling in preadipocytes, we find that among gene loci encoding adipogenesis regulators, histone methyltransferase (HMT) G9a-mediated repressive epigenetic mark H3K9me2 is enriched on the entire PPARγ locus. H3K9me2 and G9a levels decrease during adipogenesis, which correlates inversely with induction of PPARγ. Removal of H3K9me2 by G9a deletion enhances chromatin opening and binding of adipogenic transcription factor C/EBP-beta to PPARγ promoter, which promotes PPARγ expression. Interestingly, G9a represses PPARγ expression in an HMT activity-dependent manner but facilitates Wnt10a expression independent of its enzymatic activity. Consistently, deletion of G9a or inhibiting G9a HMT activity promotes adipogenesis. Finally, deletion of G9a in mouse adipose tissues increases adipogenic gene expression and tissue weight. Thus, by inhibiting PPARγ expression and facilitating Wnt10a expression, G9a represses adipogenesis. Examination of gene expression changes in G9a KO brown preadipocytes

2013-02-01 | E-GEOD-41456 | biostudies-arrayexpress

RNA sequencing analyisis to identify genes regulated by GW9662 in human cord blood hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells

Project description:PPARγ antagonist GW9662 treatment could enhance ex vivo expansion of human cord blood hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSCs/HPCs). To gain mechanistical insights into how antagonizing PPARγ promotes expansion of HSCs/HPCs, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA seq) analysis to identify genes involved in this process. Loss of function of PPARγ in CB CD34+ cells resulted in downregulation of a number of differentiation associated genes, including CD38, CD1d, HIC1, FAM20C, DUSP4, DHRS3 and ALDH1A2, suggesting that PPARγ antagonist may maintain stemness of CB CD34+ cells, at least in part by preventing differentiation. We also observed that FBP1, encoding fructose 1, 6-bisphosphatase, a negative regulator of glycolytic flux, was significantly downregulated by treating CB CD34+ cells with GW9662. Our study demonstrates that antagonizing PPARγ signaling drives ex vivo expansion of human CB HSCs/HPCs by switching on FBP1 repressed glycolysis and preventing differentiation.

2018-01-15 | GSE95703 | GEO

Transcriptional profiling of human in vitro primed Th9 T cells (day 20) treated with GW9662 against untreated control

Project description:To investigate the role of PPAR-γ in human TH cells, transcriptional response in vitro primed Th9 cells to treatment with GW9662, a potent PPAR-γ antagonist was assessed. In vitro primed Th9 cells (day 20) were incubated with GW9662 for 48h. Transcriptomic profiling was performed by bulk RNA-seq. To generate in vitro primed Th9 cells, human naive T cells were isolated from PBMCs using the EasySep™ Human naive CD4+ T Cell Isolation Kit (Stemcell Technologies) as per the manufacturer’s instructions. Naive T cells were stimulated with αCD3/CD2/CD28 beads (T cell/bead = 2:1, Miltenyi) and primed into effector CD4+ Th9 cells with IL-4 (50 ng/ml) and TGF-β (5 ng/ml) (R&D Systems). From cell culture initiation to analysis, the culture medium was supplemented with the indicated cytokines every other day. Cells were harvested for RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) after 20 days.

2024-11-29 | E-MTAB-14444 | biostudies-arrayexpress

PPARγ lipodystrophy mutants reveal intermolecular interactions required for enhancer activation

Project description:The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) is the master regulator of adipocyte differentiation, and mutations that interfere with PPARγ function cause lipodystrophy. Structural studies indicate that PPARγ domains engage in several intra- and inter-moleuclar interactions; however, how these interactions modulate the ability of PPARγ to activate target genes in a cellular context is currently poorly understood. Here we analysed the transcriptional potential of R212Q and E379K two previously uncharacterised lipodystrophy-associated PPARγ mutants that are located in distinct PPARγ domains but are both predicted to affect intermolecular interactions. Using a combination of biochemical and genome-wide approaches we show that these mutations impair binding to an overlapping subset of enhancers that are less accessible and specifically require PPARγ for chromatin remodeling. Based on these findings we propose a model in which recruitment of PPARγ to chromatin is determined by several intermolecular interfaces. Furthermore, our data exemplify that relatively subtle molecular defects in transcription factors are sufficient to significantly affect enhancer binding and thereby transcriptional output.

2022-09-08 | PXD036589 | Pride

Acute Genome-Wide Effects of Rosiglitazone on PPARγ Transcriptional Networks in Adipocytes

Project description:Here we report, for the first time, the acute effects of the synthetic PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone on the transcriptional network of PPARγ in adipocytes. Treatment with Rosiglitazone for 1 hour leads to acute transcriptional activation as well as repression of a number of genes as determined by genome-wide RNA polymerase II occupancy. Unlike what has been shown for many other nuclear receptors, agonist treatment does not lead to major changes in the occurrence of PPARγ binding sites. However, rosiglitazone promotes PPARγ occupancy at many preexisting sites, and this is paralleled by increased occupancy of the mediator subunit MED1. The increase in PPARγ and MED1 binding is correlated with an increase in transcription of nearby genes indicating that rosiglitazone, in addition to activating the receptor, also promotes its association with DNA, and that this is causally linked to recruitment of mediator and activation of genes. Notably, both Rosiglitazone-activated and -repressed genes are induced during adipogenesis. However, Rosiglitazone-activated genes are markedly more associated with PPARγ than repressed genes and are highly dependent on PPARγ for expression in adipocytes. By contrast, repressed genes are associated with the other key adipocyte transcription factor CCAAT-Enhancer binding protein (C/EBPα), and their expression is more dependent on C/EBPα. This suggests that the relative occupancies of PPARγ and C/EBPα are critical for whether genes will be induced or repressed by PPARγ agonist. Examination of binding of PPARγ, C/EBPα, RNAPII, CBP and MED1 in mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes treated with 1 μM Rosiglitazone and/or 0.1% DMSO for 1 hour.

2013-08-01 | E-GEOD-49423 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Tissue-specific differences in PPARγ control of macrophage function.

Project description:PPARγ is known for its anti-inflammatory actions in macrophages. However, which macrophage populations express PPARγ in vivo and how it regulates tissue homeostasis in the steady state and during inflammation is not completely understood. We show that lung and spleen macrophages constitutively expressed PPARγ, while other macrophage populations did not. Recruitment of monocytes to sites of inflammation was associated with induction of PPARγ as they differentiated to macrophages. Its absence in these macrophages led to failed resolution of inflammation, characterized by persistent, low-level recruitment of leukocytes. Conversely, PPARγ agonists supported an earlier cessation in leukocyte recruitment during resolution of acute inflammation and likewise suppressed monocyte recruitment to chronically inflamed atherosclerotic vessels. In the steady state, PPARγ deficiency in macrophages had no obvious impact in the spleen but profoundly altered cellular lipid homeostasis in lung macrophages. Reminiscent of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, LysM-Cre x PPARγflox/flox mice displayed mild leukocytic inflammation in the steady-state lung and succumbed faster to mortality upon infection with S. pneumoniae. Surprisingly, this mortality was not due to overly exuberant inflammation, but instead to impaired bacterial clearance. Thus, in addition to its anti-inflammatory role in promoting resolution of inflammation, PPARγ sustains functionality in lung macrophages and thereby has a pivotal role in supporting pulmonary host defense. The two major subsets of monocytes (Ly-6C+ and Ly-6Clo) from 12-week old C57Bl/6 mice were sorted and the RNA extracted and hybridized to Affymetrix GeneChip® 430 2.0 arrays. We pooled leukocytes from 5 mice for each sort and sorted 3 to 4 separate times for 3 to 4 biological replicates.

2012-10-03 | E-GEOD-32034 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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