Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

Dataset Information

Mature vs immature microfilariae

ABSTRACT: Filarial nematodes are arthropod-borne nematodes that cause a variety of economically important diseases such as onchocerciasis (river blindness), lymphatic filariasis, and heartworm disease. The most widespread filarial disease of humans is lymphatic filariasis, caused by worms in the genera Wuchereria and Brugia. Lymphatic filariasis is an economic and social burden in endemic countries and affects approximately 119 million people worldwide (Michael, 1997). In humans, the worms live in and block the lymph vessels, causing improper flow of lymph, and inflammation of the lymphatic system. The symptoms are fever, swollen limbs and genitals, generalized malaise, and can progress to a debilitating condition known as elephantiasis This research focuses on the transmission of these worms to the disseminating mosquito host, and it is based on the interesting observation that mf must be at least 7 days old to successfully infect the mosquito (de Hollanda, 1982). Newborn mf that have not â??maturedâ?? cannot successfully penetrate the midgut of the mosquito, and subsequently cannot develop to the L3 stage (Fuhrman, 1987). Previous work done by another group 20 years ago suggests that the molecular makeup of the worm surface changes during this maturation process (Furman, 1983 a and b). We used microarray analysis to characterize changes in gene expression that take place during the mf maturation process. Understanding the gene expression changes that occur as the mf mature will allow us to understand the nature of the philological transition that allows mf to move from the human to the mosquito host. With this information in hand, we can eventually identify parasite molecules that could be targeted to either stop parasite reproduction or prevent transmission of the mf to the mosquito. This would stop parasite transmission in endemic areas. This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE14939: Brugia pahangi mature vs immature microfilariae GSE14940: Brugia malayi mature vs immature microfilariae Refer to individual Series

ORGANISM(S): Brugia pahangi

SUBMITTER: George Mayhew

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-15017 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Publications

Use of microarray hybridization to identify Brugia genes involved in mosquito infectivity.

Griffiths Kathryn G KG Mayhew George F GF Zink Rebecca L RL Erickson Sara M SM Fuchs Jeremy F JF McDermott Colleen M CM Christensen Bruce M BM Michalski Michelle L ML

Parasitology research 20091106 1

Brugia malayi and Brugia pahangi microfilariae (mf) require a maturation period of at least 5 days in the mammalian host to successfully infect laboratory mosquitoes. This maturation process coincides with changes in the surface composition of mf that likely are associated with changes in gene expression. To test this hypothesis, we verified the differential infectivity of immature (< or =3 day) and mature (>30 day) Brugia mf for black-eyed Liverpool strain of Aedes aegypti and then assessed tra ...[more]

PMID: 19894065

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Project description:Filarial nematodes are arthropod-borne nematodes that cause a variety of economically important diseases such as onchocerciasis (river blindness), lymphatic filariasis, and heartworm disease. The most widespread filarial disease of humans is lymphatic filariasis, caused by worms in the genera Wuchereria and Brugia. Lymphatic filariasis is an economic and social burden in endemic countries and affects approximately 119 million people worldwide (Michael, 1997). In humans, the worms live in and block the lymph vessels, causing improper flow of lymph, and inflammation of the lymphatic system. The symptoms are fever, swollen limbs and genitals, generalized malaise, and can progress to a debilitating condition known as elephantiasis This research focuses on the transmission of these worms to the disseminating mosquito host, and it is based on the interesting observation that mf must be at least 7 days old to successfully infect the mosquito (de Hollanda, 1982). Newborn mf that have not â??maturedâ?? cannot successfully penetrate the midgut of the mosquito, and subsequently cannot develop to the L3 stage (Fuhrman, 1987). Previous work done by another group 20 years ago suggests that the molecular makeup of the worm surface changes during this maturation process (Furman, 1983 a and b). We used microarray analysis to characterize changes in gene expression that take place during the mf maturation process. Understanding the gene expression changes that occur as the mf mature will allow us to understand the nature of the philological transition that allows mf to move from the human to the mosquito host. With this information in hand, we can eventually identify parasite molecules that could be targeted to either stop parasite reproduction or prevent transmission of the mf to the mosquito. This would stop parasite transmission in endemic areas. Brugia pahangi mature mf (30 days and older) RNA was compared to immature mf (3 days and younger). Three biological replicates were performed each with two technical replicates

Project description:Little is known about transcriptional control of neurite branching or presynaptic differentiation, events that occur relatively late in neuronal development. Using the C. elegans mechanosensory circuit as an in vivo model, we show that SAM-10, an ortholog of mammalian Single-Stranded DNA binding Protein (SSDP), functions cell-autonomously in the nucleus to regulate synaptic differentiation as well as positioning of a single neurite branch. PLM mechanosensory neurons in sam-10 mutants exhibit abnormal placement of the neurite branch point, and defective synaptogenesis, characterized by an overextended synaptic varicosity, underdeveloped synaptic morphology and disrupted co-localization of active zone and synaptic vesicles. SAM-10 functions coordinately with LDB-1 (Lim Domain Binding protein-1), demonstrated by our observations that 1) mutations in either gene show similar defects in PLM neurons; and 2) LDB-1 is required for SAM-10 nuclear localization. SAM-10 regulates PLM synaptic differentiation by suppressing transcription of prk-2, which encodes an ortholog of the mammalian Pim kinase family. PRK-2-mediated activities of SAM-10 are specifically involved in PLM synaptic differentiation, but not other sam-10 phenotypes such as neurite branching. Thus, these data reveal a novel transcriptional signaling pathway that regulates neuronal specification of neurite branching and presynaptic differentiation. Animals were grown on fresh 8P plates (Wormbook.org) until gravid. Eggs were collected by bleaching and hatched in M9 buffer overnight. L1 animals were fed on fresh food for 2 hours at room temperature, harvested and separated from worm debris using a 25μm mesh. RNA was isolated using a standard Trizol protocol. RNA preps were stored at -80C. Quality of RNA preps was first estimated using Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer. RNA was then reverse-transcribed using the Genisphere Array 350 kit, which generate tagged cDNA. Resulted products are hybridized to the microarrays. Four independent high quality RNA preps (RIN>=7) were chosen for microarray assay using long oligomer-based spotted microarray (Washington University, St. Louis, MO). For dye-swap controls, we ran a technical replicate hybridization for each pair of samples in which the dyes are reversed. Gene spots with “found/good” signals (defined by ScanArray, channel flag 3) in all scans were chosen for gene expression analysis.

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Dataset Information

Mature vs immature microfilariae

Publications

Use of microarray hybridization to identify Brugia genes involved in mosquito infectivity.

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