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Yap1/Birc, c-Met and N-ras DNA amplifications are mutually exclusive in mouse mammary tumors.

ABSTRACT: Tumors acquire somatic DNA copy number aberrations, leading to activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressors. Many studies have focused on the analysis of single copy number aberrations and associated driver genes, but few studies have performed combinatorial analyses. We propose a genome-wide scoring framework to find mutually exclusive gains and losses. Mutually exclusive copy number aberrations can identify genes whose oncogenic function is redundant, either by functioning in the same pathway or in a parallel pathway. As one gene is aberrated the selective pressure for its partner is alleviated which leads to a mutually exclusive perturbation pattern. In a dataset of mouse models for invasive lobular carcinoma we found three mutually exclusive DNA amplifications, containing several well-known oncogenes: the Met proto-oncogene on chromosome 6, the cluster of Birc2, Birc3 and Yap1 genes on chromosome 9, and Nras on chromosome 3. Furthermore, gene expression or protein expression of these genes correlates very well with copy number data indicating that they are the target of the amplification. Although homologous amplifications in human tumors are rare, the mutual exclusivity of MET, BIRC/YAP1 and NRAS is maintained in a variety of cancer types. This suggests a novel function for YAP1 in the mitogen-activated signaling pathway by association with MET and NRAS, known players in this pathway. This function is independent to the propensity of YAP1 to cause Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal transition. aCGH data of 67 mouse mammary tumors from K14-Cre and WAP-Cre driven P53-F/F;Cdh1-F/F animals - tumor DNA hybridized against same-animal splenic DNA

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Christiaan Klijn

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-28432 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Yap1/Birc, c-Met and N-ras DNA amplifications are mutually exclusive in mouse mammary tumors.

Project description:Tumors acquire somatic DNA copy number aberrations, leading to activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressors. Many studies have focused on the analysis of single copy number aberrations and associated driver genes, but few studies have performed combinatorial analyses. We propose a genome-wide scoring framework to find mutually exclusive gains and losses. Mutually exclusive copy number aberrations can identify genes whose oncogenic function is redundant, either by functioning in the same pathway or in a parallel pathway. As one gene is aberrated the selective pressure for its partner is alleviated which leads to a mutually exclusive perturbation pattern. In a dataset of mouse models for invasive lobular carcinoma we found three mutually exclusive DNA amplifications, containing several well-known oncogenes: the Met proto-oncogene on chromosome 6, the cluster of Birc2, Birc3 and Yap1 genes on chromosome 9, and Nras on chromosome 3. Furthermore, gene expression or protein expression of these genes correlates very well with copy number data indicating that they are the target of the amplification. Although homologous amplifications in human tumors are rare, the mutual exclusivity of MET, BIRC/YAP1 and NRAS is maintained in a variety of cancer types. This suggests a novel function for YAP1 in the mitogen-activated signaling pathway by association with MET and NRAS, known players in this pathway. This function is independent to the propensity of YAP1 to cause Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal transition.

2011-12-01 | GSE28432 | GEO

Mus musculus

Project description:Yap1/Birc, c-Met and N-ras DNA amplifications are mutually exclusive in mouse mammary tumors.

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Genomic Profiling of Malignant Melanoma using tiling resolution array CGH

Project description:Malignant melanoma is an aggressive, heterogeneous disease where new biomarkers for diagnosis and clinical outcome are needed. We searched for chromosomal aberrations that characterize its pathogenesis using 47 different melanoma cell lines and tiling-resolution BAC-arrays for comparative genomic hybridization. Major melanoma genes, including BRAF, NRAS, CDKN2A, TP53, CTNNB1, CDK4 and PTEN were examined for mutations. Distinct copy number alterations were detected, including loss or gain of whole chromosomes but also minute amplifications and homozygous deletions. Most common overlapping regions with losses were mapped to 9p24.3-q13, 10 and 11q14.1-qter whereas copy number gains were most frequent on chromosomes 1q, 7, 17q and 20q. Amplifications were delineated to oncogenes such as MITF (3p14), CCND1 (11q13), MDM2 (12q15), CCNE1 (19q12) and NOTCH2 (1p12). Frequent findings of homozygous deletions on 9p21 and 10q23 confirmed the importance of CDKN2A and PTEN. Pair-wise comparisons revealed distinct sets of alterations, e.g. mutually exclusive mutations in BRAF and NRAS, mutual mutations in BRAF and PTEN, concomitant chromosome 7 gain and 10 loss and concomitant chromosome 15q22.2-q26.3 gain and 20 gain. Moreover, alterations of the various melanoma genes were associated with distinct chromosomal imbalances suggestive of specific genomic programs in melanoma development. Keywords: comparative genomic hybridization

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Mammary Tissue: aCGH of primary (IGF-IR induced) and recurrent (IGF-IR independent) mammary tumors from MTB-IGFIR mice

Project description:Tumor recurrence represents a significant clinical challenge in the treatment and management of breast cancer. To investigate whether copy number aberrations (CNAs) facilitate the re-emergence of tumor growth from residual disease we performed array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) on primary and recurrent mammary tumors from an inducible mouse model of type-I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-IR) driven breast cancer. This genome-wide analysis revealed primary and recurrent tumors harbored distinct copy number aberrations (CNAs) with relapsed tumors containing an increased number of gene-level gains and losses. Remarkably, CNAs detected in primary tumors were largely devoid of annotated cancer genes while the vast majority of recurrent tumors harbored at least one CNA containing a known oncogene or tumor suppressor. Specifically, a subset of recurrent tumors carried gains at 6qA2 and 9qA2 which encode the Met and Yap1 oncogenes respectively. The most frequent CNA detected was a focal deletion at 4qC5 involving the Cdkn2a and Cdkn2b tumor suppressor genes. Integrative analysis revealed positive correlations between gene copy number and mRNA expression suggesting Met, Yap1 and Cdkn2a/b may serve as potential driver genes that promote tumor recurrence. Together, these findings indicate that tumor recurrence is facilitated by the acquisition of CNAs with oncogenic potential and provide a framework to dissect the molecular mechanisms that mediate tumor escape from dormancy.

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A Genomic Portrait of Resectable Hepatocellular Carcinomas: Implications of RB1 and FGF19 Aberrations for Patient Stratification.

Project description:Whole exome sequencing and copy number analysis was performed on 231 hepatocellular carcinomas (72% with hepatitis B viral infection) that were classified as early-stage hepatocellular carcinomas, candidates for surgical resection. Recurrent mutations were validated by Sanger sequencing. Unsupervised genomic analyses identified an association between specific genetic aberrations and postoperative clinical outcomes. Recurrent somatic mutations were identified in 9 genes, including TP53, CTNNB1, AXIN1, RPS6KA3, and RB1. Recurrent homozygous deletions in FAM123A, RB1, and CDKN2A, and high-copy amplifications in MYC, RSPO2, CCND1, and FGF19 were detected. Pathway analyses of these genes revealed aberrations in the p53, Wnt, PIK3/Ras, cell cycle, and chromatin remodelling pathways. RB1 mutations were significantly associated with cancer-specific and recurrence-free survival after resection (p = 0.016 and p = 0.001, respectively). FGF19 amplifications, known to activate Wnt signalling, were mutually exclusive with CTNNB1 and AXIN1 mutations, and significantly associated with cirrhosis (p = 0.017). RB1 mutations can be used as a prognostic molecular biomarker for resectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Further study is required to investigate the potential role of FGF19 amplification in driving hepatocarcinogenesis in patients with liver cirrhosis and to investigate the potential of anti-FGF19 treatment in these patients.

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Whole Exome Sequencing and Methylation Profiling of Uveal Melanoma

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Mosaic Amplification of Multiple Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Genes in Glioblastoma

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