An Alternative Splicing Switch Regulates Embryonic Stem Cell Pluripotency and Reprogramming
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
SUBMITTER: Xinchen Wang
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-30992 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
Publications
An alternative splicing switch regulates embryonic stem cell pluripotency and reprogramming.
Gabut Mathieu M Samavarchi-Tehrani Payman P Wang Xinchen X Slobodeniuc Valentina V O'Hanlon Dave D Sung Hoon-Ki HK Alvarez Manuel M Talukder Shaheynoor S Pan Qun Q Mazzoni Esteban O EO Nedelec Stephane S Wichterle Hynek H Woltjen Knut K Hughes Timothy R TR Zandstra Peter W PW Nagy Andras A Wrana Jeffrey L JL Blencowe Benjamin J BJ
Cell 20110915 1
Alternative splicing (AS) is a key process underlying the expansion of proteomic diversity and the regulation of gene expression. Here, we identify an evolutionarily conserved embryonic stem cell (ESC)-specific AS event that changes the DNA-binding preference of the forkhead family transcription factor FOXP1. We show that the ESC-specific isoform of FOXP1 stimulates the expression of transcription factor genes required for pluripotency, including OCT4, NANOG, NR5A2, and GDF3, while concomitantly ...[more]
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Project description:Alternative splicing (AS) is a key process underlying the expansion of proteomic diversity and the regulation of gene expression. However, the contribution of AS to the control of embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency is not well understood. Here, we identify an evolutionarily conserved ESC-specific AS event that changes the DNA binding preference of the forkhead family transcription factor FOXP1. We show that the ESC-specific isoform of FOXP1 stimulates the expression of transcription factor genes required for pluripotency including OCT4, NANOG, NR5A2 and GDF3, while concomitantly repressing genes required for ESC differentiation. Remarkably, this isoform also promotes the maintenance of ESC pluripotency and the efficient reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells. These results reveal an AS switch that plays a pivotal role in the regulation of pluripotency through the control of critical ESC-specific transcriptional programs. Protein binding microarray (PBM) experiments were performed for two isoforms of the DNA binding domain of the human FOXP1 gene. Briefly, the PBMs involved binding GST-tagged DNA-binding proteins to two double-stranded 4*44K Agilent microarrays, each containing a different DeBruijn sequence design, in order to determine their sequence preferences. The method is described in Berger et al., Nature Biotechnology 2006.
2011-09-14 | E-GEOD-31007 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:C2H2 zinc fingers (C2H2-ZFs) are the most prevalent type of vertebrate DNA-binding domain, and typically appear in tandem arrays (ZFAs), with sequential C2H2-ZFs each contacting 3 (or more) sequential bases. C2H2-ZFs can be assembled in a modular fashion, providing one explanation for their remarkable evolutionary success. Given a set of modules with defined 3-base specificities, modular assembly also presents a way to construct artificial proteins with specific DNA-binding preferences. However, a recent survey of a large number of three-finger ZFAs engineered by modular assembly reported high failure rates (~70%), casting doubt on the generality of modular assembly. Here, we used protein-binding microarrays to analyze 28 ZFAs that failed in the aforementioned study. Most (17) preferred specific sequences, which in all but one case resembled the intended target sequence. Like natural ZFAs, the engineered ZFAs typically yielded degenerate motifs, binding dozens to hundreds of related individual sequences. Thus, the failure of these proteins in previous assays is not due to lack of sequence-specific DNA-binding activity. Our findings underscore the relevance of individual C2H2-ZF sequence specificities within tandem arrays, and support the general ability of modular assembly to produce ZFAs with sequence-specific DNA-binding activity. Protein binding microarray (PBM) experiments were performed for a set of 20 artificial zinc finger arrays (ZFAs). Briefly, the PBMs involved binding GST-tagged DNA-binding proteins to two double-stranded 44K Agilent microarrays, each containing a different DeBruijn sequence design, in order to determine their sequence preferences. The method is described in Berger et al., Nature Biotechnology 2006.
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Project description:Genomic analyses often involve scanning for potential transcription-factor (TF) binding sites using models of the sequence specificity of DNA binding proteins. Many approaches have been developed to model and learn a protein’s binding specificity by representing sequence motifs, including the gaps and dependencies between binding-site residues, but these methods have not been systematically compared. Here we applied 26 such approaches to in vitro protein binding microarray data for 66 mouse TFs belonging to various families. For 9 TFs, we also scored the resulting motif models on in vivo data, and found that the best in vitro–derived motifs performed similarly to motifs derived from in vivo data. Our results indicate that simple models based on mononucleotide position weight matrices learned by the best methods perform similarly to more complex models for most TFs examined, but fall short in specific cases. In addition, the best-performing motifs typically have relatively low information content, consistent with widespread degeneracy in eukaryotic TF sequence preferences. Protein binding microarray (PBM) experiments were performed for a set of 86 mouse transcription factors. Briefly, the PBMs involved binding GST-tagged DNA-binding proteins to two double-stranded 44K Agilent microarrays, each containing a different DeBruijn sequence design, in order to determine their sequence preferences. Details of the PBM protocol are described in Berger et al., Nature Biotechnology 2006.
2012-12-13 | E-GEOD-42864 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The DNA sequence preferences of the vast majority of eukaryotic transcription factors (TFs) are unknown. Using an approach designed to broadly sample both DNA-binding domain types and eukaryotic clades, we have determined DNA-binding motifs for 1,033 TFs from 131 diverse eukaryotes, encompassing 54 domain types. Closely related orthologs and paralogs typically have very similar sequence preferences; this property allows inference of motifs for roughly one third of the 166,851 known or predicted eukaryotic TFs. While the origins of most motifs can be dated to hundreds of millions of years ago, we also characterize more recent TF expansions. Sequences matching the motifs are enriched upstream of TSS in most eukaryotic lineages, and at informative eQTL SNPs in Arabidopsis promoters, demonstrating their utility in mapping transcriptional networks. The motifs are housed at http://cisbp.ccbr.utoronto.ca Protein binding microarray (PBM) experiments were performed for a set of 1048 diverse eukaryotic transcription factors. Briefly, the PBMs involved binding GST-tagged DNA-binding proteins to two double-stranded 44K Agilent microarrays, each containing a different DeBruijn sequence design, in order to determine their sequence preferences. Details of the PBM protocol are described in Berger et al., Nature Biotechnology 2006.
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Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series
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