Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Daphnia ecotypes fed lab versus natural resources

ABSTRACT: Consumer-resource interactions are a central issue in evolutionary and community ecology because they play important roles in selection and population regulation. Most consumers encounter resource variation at multiple scales, and respond through phenotypic plasticity in the short term or evolutionary divergence in the long term. The key traits for these responses may influence resource acquisition, assimilation and/or allocation. To identify candidate genes, we experimentally assayed genome-wide gene expression in pond and lake Daphnia ecotypes exposed to alternate resource environments. One was a simple, high-quality laboratory diet, Ankistrodesmus falcatus. The other was the complex natural seston from a large lake. In temporary ponds, Daphnia generally experience high-quality, abundant resources, whereas lakes provide low-quality, seasonally shifting resources that are chronically limiting. For both ecotypes, we used replicate clones drawn from a number of separate populations. We compared gene expression in whole Daphnia pulex that had been raised in the lab for 10 days, and then exposed to alternate resource environments for 24 hours. One resource environment was a 24 hour continuation of the lab resource, a satiating level of Ankistrodesmus falcatus. The alternate environment was the natural seston present in the epilimnion of Lake Murray, South Carolina. Two ecotypes were analyzed, one adapted to large lakes, and one adapted to temporary ponds. For each ecotype, eight replicate clones were used. Clones of the lake ecotype were isolated from eight independent lakes, clones of the pond ecotype were isolated from six different ponds. The total number of arrays is 16 (8 replicate clones x 2 ecotypes) x 2 resource environments). Total RNA was extracted from eight whole organisms pooled together. Pools were then converted to cDNA and labelled with a single round of amplification. For array hybridizations, samples from the two resource environments were paired for each clone, and dyes were swapped across clones.

ORGANISM(S): Daphnia pulex

SUBMITTER: Jeffry Dudycha

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-31001 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Our main objectives wereto investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in metal toxicity and detoxification in the field using juvenile yellow perch subjected to differents levels of this metal exposure. Recent local adaptation to pollution has been evidenced in several organisms inhabiting environments heavily contaminated by metals. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying adaptation to high metal concentrations are poorly understood, especially in fishes. Yellow perch (Perca flavescens) populations from lakes in the mining area of Rouyn-Noranda (QC, Canada) have been faced with metal contamination for about 90 years. Here, we examine gene transcription patterns of fish reciprocally transplanted between a reference and a metal-contaminated lake and also fish caged in their native lake. After four weeks, 111 genes were differentially transcribed in metal-naÃ¯ve fish transferred to the metal-contaminated lake, revealing a plastic response to metal exposure. Genes involved in the citric cycle and beta-oxidation pathways were under-transcribed, suggesting a potential strategy to mitigate the effects of metal stress by reducing energy turnover. However, metal-contaminated fish transplanted to the reference lake did not show any transcriptomic response, indicating a reduced plastic response capability to sudden reduction in metal concentrations. Moreover, the transcription of other genes, especially ones involved in energy metabolism, was affected by caging. Overall, our results highlight environmental stress response mechanisms in yellow perch at the transcriptomic level and support a rapid adaptive response to metal exposure through genetic assimilation. Comparison between fish Op and OpâOp using a pairwise design corresponding to the cage experiment in the reference lake Opasatica (Op), comparison between fish Du and DuâDu using a pairwise design corresponding to the cage experiment in the metal contaminated lake Dufault (Du), comparison between fish from reference lake transplanted to the metal contaminated lake (OpâDu) and fish from reference lake caged in their own lake (OpâOp) using pairwise design corresponding to the experiment of metal contamination, comparison between fish from metal contaminated lake transplanted to the reference lake (DuâOp) and fish from the metal contaminated lake caged in their own lake (DuâDu) using pairwise design corresponding to the depuration experiment.

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Daphnia ecotypes fed lab versus natural resources

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