Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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The Polycomb Group Protein Suz12 Is Required for Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation

ABSTRACT: Polycomb group (PcG) proteins form multiprotein complexes, called Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs). PRC2 contains the PcG proteins EZH2, SUZ12, and EED and represses transcription through methylation of lysine (K) 27 of histone H3 (H3). Suz12 is essential for PRC2 activity and its inactivation results in early lethality of mouse embryos. Total RNA was extracted independently from three WT and three Suz12 KO ES cell clones. RNA was quantified, and equal amounts fromthe three Suz12 WT and the three Suz12 KO samples were pooled into one sample to reduce the experimental variation. Targets for microarray hybridization were synthesized according to the supplier’s instructions (Affymetrix). Hybridization, washing, staining, scanning, and data analysis were performed at the Affymetrix microarray unit at the Institute of Molecular Oncology of the Italian Foundation for Cancer Research-European Institute of Oncology campus, Milan, Italy, according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Diego Pasini

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-31354 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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The polycomb group protein Suz12 is required for embryonic stem cell differentiation.

Pasini Diego D Bracken Adrian P AP Hansen Jacob B JB Capillo Manuela M Helin Kristian K

Molecular and cellular biology 20070305 10

Polycomb group (PcG) proteins form multiprotein complexes, called Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs). PRC2 contains the PcG proteins EZH2, SUZ12, and EED and represses transcription through methylation of lysine (K) 27 of histone H3 (H3). Suz12 is essential for PRC2 activity and its inactivation results in early lethality of mouse embryos. Here, we demonstrate that Suz12(-/-) mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells can be established and expanded in tissue culture. The Suz12(-/-) ES cells are characte ...[more]

PMID: 17339329

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Project description:The Polycomb group (PcG) proteins form chromatin-modifying complexes that are essential for embryonic development and stem cell renewal and are commonly deregulated in cancer. Here, we identify their target genes using genome-wide location analysis in human embryonic fibroblasts. We find that Polycomb-Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1), PRC2, and tri-methylated histone H3K27 co-occupy >1000 silenced genes with a strong functional bias for embryonic development and cell fate decisions. We functionally identify 40 genes derepressed in human embryonic fibroblasts depleted of the PRC2 components (EZH2, EED, SUZ12) and the PRC1 component, BMI-1. Interestingly, several markers of osteogenesis, adipogenesis, and chrondrogenesis are among these genes, consistent with the mesenchymal origin of fibroblasts. Using a neuronal model of differentiation, we delineate two different mechanisms for regulating PcG target genes. For genes activated during differentiation, PcGs are displaced. However, for genes repressed during differentiation, we paradoxically find that they are already bound by the PcGs in nondifferentiated cells despite being actively transcribed. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that PcGs are part of a preprogrammed memory system established during embryogenesis marking certain key genes for repressive signals during subsequent developmental and differentiation processes. Experiment Overall Design: Total RNA was extracted from mock, EZH2, EED, SUZ12, and BMI-1 siRNA-transfected cells. For each treatment, RNA was prepared from six independent experiments and was pooled into one sample to reduce the experimental variation. Targets for microarray hybridization were synthesized accordingly to the supplierâs instructions (Affymetrix). The human GeneChip array U133A (Affymetrix), which interrogates 33,000 transcripts, was used for gene expression profiling. Fifteen GeneChip arrays U133A were used for this analysis; for each different condition, three separate arrays were hybridized with pooled cRNA. Hybridization, washing, staining, scanning, and data analysis were performed at The Affymetrix Microarray Unit at the IFOM-IEO campus, Milan, Italy, according to the manufacturerâs instructions. Expression levels were analyzed using Microarray Analysis Suite (MAS) 5.0 statistical algorithm software (Affymetrix), using the default parameters and scaling (TGT Value) signal intensities for all the GeneChip arrrays to a value of 500. The mock siRNA treatment was used as a baseline condition for comparison with the polycomb siRNA-treated samples.

Dataset Information

The Polycomb Group Protein Suz12 Is Required for Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation

Publications

The polycomb group protein Suz12 is required for embryonic stem cell differentiation.

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