Sex-biased gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster larvae
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Drosophila melanogaster
SUBMITTER: Richard Meisel
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-31722 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
Similar Datasets
Project description:Sex differences in gene expression throughout development are poorly understood, especially sex-specific expression of micro RNAs. However these patterns of gene expression could have important implications in our understanding of the underlying mechanics of sex differentiation and sexual conflict. We extract mRNA and miRNA from male and female Drosophila melanogaster from three developmental timepoints, third larval instar, pupae and adults, and examine gene expression using microarrays. We found a large number of sex-biased mRNA transcripts at each stage of development, whereas sex-biased miRNA expression was low in larvae and pupae and more prevalent in adults.
2014-05-07 | GSE57321 | GEO
Project description:Sex differences in gene expression throughout development are poorly understood, especially sex-specific expression of micro RNAs. However these patterns of gene expression could have important implications in our understanding of the underlying mechanics of sex differentiation and sexual conflict. We extract mRNA and miRNA from male and female Drosophila melanogaster from three developmental timepoints, third larval instar, pupae and adults, and examine gene expression using microarrays. We found a large number of sex-biased mRNA transcripts at each stage of development, whereas sex-biased miRNA expression was low in larvae and pupae and more prevalent in adults.
2014-05-07 | GSE57320 | GEO
Project description:Background: Stalk-eyed flies (family Diopsidae) are a model system for studying sexual selection due to the presence of elongated and sexually dimorphic eye-stalks in many species. Recent genomic studies on these flies have revealed a neo-X chromosome and evidence of gene movement onto or off of this X chromosome. To determine if sex linkage and gene movement are related to sexual dimorphism and sexual conflict, we compared gene expression between males and females using oligonucleotide microarrays and RNA from either developing eyestalk tissue or adult heads from a dimorphic species, Teleopsis dalmanni, or from developing eyestalk tissue in a congeneric monomorphic species, T. quinqueguttata. Results: Comparison of gene expression between the sexes for 3,748 genes indicates that dosage compensation is present due to elevated expression of X-linked genes in males. However, sex-biased expression was detected in 26% of the genes present in eye-antennal imaginal discs of larval T. dalmanni. Functional annotation reveals that female-biased genes are associated with transcription, anatomical development and cell communication in the nucleus, while male-biased genes are associated with metabolism and the mitochondria. Comparison of gene expression between experiments identified 140 genes with concordant sex-biased expression in the larval and adult tissues of T. dalmanni and 17 genes with identical sex-biased expression between species. There were only five reversals of sex-biased expression across experiments. In T. dalmanni, male-biased genes are more common on autosomes than on the X while female-biased genes are more common on the X in T. quinqueguttata. Female-biased expression is especially common among genes that moved onto the ancestral X while male-biased expression is more common among genes that moved onto an autosome. Conclusions: Genes with sex-biased expression exhibit different functions in each sex as expected if sexual conflict has influenced their evolution. The strong relationship between sex-biased expression and gene movement found in this study is consistent with resolution of sexual conflict by an RNA- or DNA-mediated process that moves genes between chromosomes. Measurement of gene expression in additional species should provide a more complete picture of how gene expression change occurs over evolutionary time in these extraordinary flies. Two-condition experiment, female vs. male RNA using larval eye discs for two species (Teleopsis dalmanni, Teleopsis quinqueguttata), and adult heads for one species (Teleopsis dalmanni).
2012-04-09 | E-GEOD-37121 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Sex differences in gene expression throughout development are poorly understood, especially sex-specific expression of micro RNAs. However these patterns of gene expression could have important implications in our understanding of the underlying mechanics of sex differentiation and sexual conflict. We extract mRNA and miRNA from male and female Drosophila melanogaster from three developmental timepoints, third larval instar, pupae and adults, and examine gene expression using microarrays. We found a large number of sex-biased mRNA transcripts at each stage of development, whereas sex-biased miRNA expression was low in larvae and pupae and more prevalent in adults. We isolated 2 biological replicates of each sex at each of the three developmental timepoints and extracted mRNA and miRNA from each sample, creating 12 samples of each type of RNA which were ran on GeneChip Drosophila Genome 2.0 Affymetrix microarrays to examine mRNA expression, and GeneChip miRNA 3.0 Affymetrix microarrays to examine miRNA expression.
2014-05-07 | E-GEOD-57321 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Sex differences in gene expression throughout development are poorly understood, especially sex-specific expression of micro RNAs. However these patterns of gene expression could have important implications in our understanding of the underlying mechanics of sex differentiation and sexual conflict. We extract mRNA and miRNA from male and female Drosophila melanogaster from three developmental timepoints, third larval instar, pupae and adults, and examine gene expression using microarrays. We found a large number of sex-biased mRNA transcripts at each stage of development, whereas sex-biased miRNA expression was low in larvae and pupae and more prevalent in adults. We isolated 2 biological replicates of each sex at each of the three developmental timepoints and extracted mRNA and miRNA from each sample, creating 12 samples of each type of RNA which were ran on GeneChip Drosophila Genome 2.0 Affymetrix microarrays to examine mRNA expression, and GeneChip miRNA 3.0 Affymetrix microarrays to examine miRNA expression.
2014-05-07 | E-GEOD-57320 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Genes with sex-biased expression in adults experience unique evolutionary dynamics. It is unclear, however, whether the selection pressures responsible for these well documented patterns also act upon genes with sex-biased expression in other developmental stages. To examine this, we measured expression in male and female Drosophila melanogaster larvae.
2012-04-08 | GSE31722 | GEO
Project description:Background: The horn fly, Haematobia irritans (L.), is an obligate blood-feeding parasite of cattle and control of this pest is a continuing problem in the United States and other parts of the world. Worldwide annual economic losses attributable to this pest surpass $1 billion. The fly is becoming resistant to pesticides and new control technologies are needed by cattle producers. Results: Dominant conditional lethal gene systems are being investigated as population control technologies against agricultural insect pests. One of the critical components of these systems is a highly expressed female-specific gene promoter which can be used to drive expression of a lethality-inducing gene. To identify candidate genes to supply this gene promoter, microarrays were designed from a recently developed horn fly EST database and probed to identify female-specific and larval-specific differential gene expression. Analysis of dyeswap experiments found 432 and 417 transcripts which were over- and under-expressed in adult female flies, respectively, compared to adult male flies. Additionally, 419 and 871 transcripts were over- and under-expressed in first instar larvae compared to adult flies. Three transcripts were identified which were over-expressed in adult females flies compared to adult males and which also were over-expressed in the first instar larval lifestage compared to adult flies. Conclusion: We have identified 3 strong candidates for further evaluation as a gene promoter source for the development of a female-specific conditional lethality system in the horn fly. One of these candidates, the putative nanos orthologue, has a high female-to-male expression ratio, has a moderate expression level in first instar larvae, and has been well characterized in D. melanogaster. Further investigations leading from this microarray analysis will include transformation of the horn fly and evaluation of the female conditional lethal system components for applicability to the specific biological parameters of natural populations of the horn fly. Keywords: evaluation of 1st instar larvae genes vs pooled adult + egg genes
2008-06-19 | GSE11364 | GEO
Project description:Whole brain gene expression profiling for Julidochromis transcriptus male vs. female and Julidochromis marlieri male vs female to identify sex-role biased and sex biased gene expression in these species that exhibit conventional and reversed sex-biased behavior respectively.
2010-07-24 | GSE23094 | GEO
Project description:Background: The horn fly, Haematobia irritans (L.), is an obligate blood-feeding parasite of cattle and control of this pest is a continuing problem in the United States and other parts of the world. Worldwide annual economic losses attributable to this pest surpass $1 billion. The fly is becoming resistant to pesticides and new control technologies are needed by cattle producers. Results: Dominant conditional lethal gene systems are being investigated as population control technologies against agricultural insect pests. One of the critical components of these systems is a highly expressed female-specific gene promoter which can be used to drive expression of a lethality-inducing gene. To identify candidate genes to supply this gene promoter, microarrays were designed from a recently developed horn fly EST database and probed to identify female-specific and larval-specific differential gene expression. Analysis of dyeswap experiments found 432 and 417 transcripts which were over- and under-expressed in adult female flies, respectively, compared to adult male flies. Additionally, 419 and 871 transcripts were over- and under-expressed in first instar larvae compared to adult flies. Three transcripts were identified which were over-expressed in adult females flies compared to adult males and which also were over-expressed in the first instar larval lifestage compared to adult flies. Conclusion: We have identified 3 strong candidates for further evaluation as a gene promoter source for the development of a female-specific conditional lethality system in the horn fly. One of these candidates, the putative nanos orthologue, has a high female-to-male expression ratio, has a moderate expression level in first instar larvae, and has been well characterized in D. melanogaster. Further investigations leading from this microarray analysis will include transformation of the horn fly and evaluation of the female conditional lethal system components for applicability to the specific biological parameters of natural populations of the horn fly. Keywords: adult male vs female hornfly gene expression
2008-06-19 | GSE11363 | GEO
Project description:Mammalian sex differences are determined by the X and Y chromosomes. Ancestral homologous genes on the sex chromosomes, termed X-Y gene pairs, have been predicted to drive sex differences. However, among the five X-Y gene pairs conserved across eutherians, which pairs drive sex-biased gene expression have remained undefined. Here, we investigate the roles of the X-Y gene pair Kdm5c-Kdm5d in regulating sex-biased gene expression independently of sex hormones using pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) as a model. Wild-type (WT) XX female and WT XY male ESCs significantly differ in the expression of approximately 4% of all expressed genes, classified as female- or male-biased. Loss of Kdm5c in female ESCs results in the downregulation of female-biased genes. In contrast, loss of either Kdm5c or Kdm5d in male ESCs results in the upregulation of female-biased genes and downregulation of male-biased genes, effectively neutralizing sex-biased gene expression. In male ESCs, most sex-biased genes change in expression in a similar direction upon loss of Kdm5c or Kdm5d. However, Kdm5c loss dysregulates a greater number of sex-biased genes relative to Kdm5d loss in male ESCs. Remarkably, in female ESCs ectopic Kdm5d expression is sufficient to drive a sex-biased gene expression pattern similar to that of WT male ESCs. Taken together, these results establish Kdm5c-Kdm5d as a critical X-Y gene pair in driving sex-biased gene expression in pluripotent cells.
2024-12-13 | GSE277494 | GEO