Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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High-fat diet induced gene expression changes in mouse retina may be prevented by introducing bilberries in diet

ABSTRACT: Obesity and diabetes associated visual impairment and vascular dysfunctions are increasing reasons for vision loss. The detailed mechanisms in these diseases are still largely unknown, but mice models have been useful to study these mechanisms and explore the detailed effects of potential compounds. Such compounds usually have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. These properties are found in anthocyanins and a major source of dietary anthocyanins in Nordic diet is bilberries (European wild blueberries, Vaccinium myrtillus). In this explorative study we show results with differentially expressed genes in retina using a high-fat diet (HFD) mouse model. Our findings displayed differential regulation of genes in pathways for apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress, especially systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) and glutathione metabolism. Mice fed with HFD had increased retinal gene expression of several crystallins, which was reduced in the retina of mice fed with bilberries. Bilberries seem to reduce the expression of genes in MAPK and to increase the expression of genes in glutathione metabolism pathway. All together despite minor effects in the mouse phenotype, a diet rich in bilberries may prevent the retinal gene expression changes in the early stages of obesity. Mice were fed ad libitum with normal control diet (NCD, 10% kcal fat), high-fat diet (HFD, 45% kcal fat), 5% (w/w) freeze-dried biberries (Vaccinium myrtillus) in NCD (NCD+BB) or HFD (HFD+BB) for 12 weeks. Diets were prepared in Research Diets Inc. Feed consumption and weight gain were measured during the feeding trial, and blood pressure and serum markers of obesity at the end. Retinas were collected and RNA extracted from all 24 mice samples, and pooled retinas from 4 mice per group were hybridized with standard Illumina protocols. The expression in retinas was analyzed using R, Pathvisio and DAVID to screen for differences between high-fat and berry induced changes to control diets and further bilberry induced changes to HFD up- or downregulated transcripts. diet: NCD, HFD, NCD+BB, HFD+BB

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Otto Mykkänen

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-34154 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:To profile the expression of circulating miRNAs in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity (DIO) with subsequent weight-reduction with low-fat diet (LFD), eighteen C57BL/6 male mice were grouped into three subgroups as: (1) Control: the mice fed with the standard AIN-76A (fat: 11.5 kcal%) diet for 12 wks; (2) DIO: the mice fed with 58 kcal% high-fat diet for 12 wks; (3) DIO+LFD: the mice fed with high-fat diet for 8 wks to induce obesity, then changed to 10.5 kcal% low-fat diet for subsequent 4 wks. C57BL/6 mice were purchased from BioLasco (Taipei, Taiwan). All housing conditions were maintained, and surgical procedures, including analgesia, were performed in an Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International (AAALAC)-accredited SPF facility according to national and institutional guidelines. In this experiment, eighteen C57BL/6 wild type male mice were randomly grouped into three subgroups (n=6 in each group): (1) Control: the control mice were fed ad libitum a standard AIN-76A (fat: 11.5 kcal%) diet for 12 wks; (2) DIO: the mice were fed ad libitum a 58 kcal% HFD (D12331; Research Diets Inc., New Brunswick, NJ) for 12 wks to induce obesity; (3) DIO+LFD: the mice fed ad libitum a 58 kcal% HFD (D12331) for 8 wks to induce obesity, then continued the feeding of 10.5 kcal% LFD (D 12329; Research Diets Inc.) for additional 4 wks. Weight measurements were performed on a weekly basis to for these three groups of mice. Evaluation of blood glucose levels was performed at the beginning and in the end of the experiment to confirm that the HFD-fed mice developed an obese and insulin resistant phenotype. After the end of experiment at 12w, all mice were killed. The abdominal WAT of each mice was removed and weighted. Paraffin-embedded abdominal WAT was sectioned at 5 M-NM-<m and stained with hematoxylin and eosin to measure mean adipocyte area. A volume of 1 mL of whole blood was collected into a plain tube and allowed to clot for 1 hour. The sera samples were aliquoted after centrifugation at 3,000 M-CM-^W g for 10 minutes and stored at M-bM-^HM-^R80M-BM-0C until further analysis.

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High-fat diet induced gene expression changes in mouse retina may be prevented by introducing bilberries in diet

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