Small RNA analysis of ADAR1-knock down HeLa cells by RNAi
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
SUBMITTER: Kazuko Nishikura
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-43167 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:ADAR1 catalyzes Adenosine-to-Inosine (A-to-I) editing of double-stranded RNA and regulates global expression output through its interactions with RNA and other proteins. ADARs play important roles in development and disease, and previous work has shown that ADAR1 is oncogenic in a growing list of cancer types. Here we show that ADAR1 is important for growth and invasion in triple negative breast cancer cells, as ADAR1 loss yields reduced growth, migration & invasion, and mammosphere formation. Global RNA-seq analyses demonstrate that ADAR1 regulates both coding and non-coding targets via expression level and/or A-to-I editing. We demonstrated that a recoding edit in FLNB (chr3:58156064) inhibits the tumor suppressive activities of the protein to promote growth & invasion. We show that several tumor suppressor microRNAs are also downregulated by ADAR1 to promote cell cycle progression and invasion. This work describes several novel mechanisms of ADAR1-mediated oncogenesis in triple negative breast cancer, providing support to strategies for targeting ADAR1 in this aggressive cancer type with few treatment options.
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Project description:Genome wide RNA-Seq screen was did to detect gene expression of HSV-1 and Hela . We constructed a HeLa cell line that stably expresses the plasmids of SAFA or SAFA-ADAR1 catalytic domain(SAFA-ADAR1cd) or SAFA-ADAR1 catalytic domain E488Q(SAFA-ADAR1cd E488Q) . The RNAs were harvested followed by RNA sequencing to identify the edited RNA.
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Project description:The RNA editing enzyme ADAR1 is essential for suppression of innate immune activation and pathology caused by aberrant recognition of self-RNA, a role it carries out by disrupting the duplex structure of endogenous double-stranded RNA species. A point mutation in the Z-nucleic-acid binding domain (ZBD) of ADAR1 is associated with severe autoinflammatory disease. ZBP1 is the only other ZBD-containing mammalian protein and its activation can trigger both cell death and transcriptional responses via the kinases RIPK1 and RIPK3, and the protease caspase-8. Here, we show that the pathology caused by ADAR1 ZBD mutation is driven by activation of ZBP1. We found that ablation of ZBP1 fully rescued the overt pathology caused by ADAR1 mutation, without reversing the underlying inflammatory program caused by this mutation. While loss of RIPK3 partially phenocopied the protective effects of ZBP1 ablation, combined deletion of caspase-8 and RIPK3, or of caspase-8 and MLKL, unexpectedly exacerbated the pathogenic effects of ADAR1 mutation. These findings indicate that ADAR1 is a negative regulator of sterile ZBP1 activation, and that ZBP1-dependent signaling underlies the autoinflammatory pathology caused by mutation of ADAR1.
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Project description:Adar1 is an essential gene for mouse embryonic development. Adar1 null mouse embryos dies around E11.5 because of massive apoptosis. Small RNA: 4 samples examined: wild type E11.0, ADAR1 null E11.0, wild type E11.5, ADAR1 null E11.5, mRNA-seq: wild type E11.5, ADAR1 null E11.5.
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Project description:The RNA editing enzyme ADAR1 is essential for suppression of innate immune activation and pathology caused by aberrant recognition of self-RNA, a role it carries out by disrupting the duplex structure of endogenous double-stranded RNA species. A point mutation in the Z-nucleic-acid binding domain (ZBD) of ADAR1 is associated with severe autoinflammatory disease. ZBP1 is the only other ZBD-containing mammalian protein and its activation can trigger both cell death and transcriptional responses via the kinases RIPK1 and RIPK3, and the protease caspase-8. Here, we show that the pathology caused by ADAR1 ZBD mutation is driven by activation of ZBP1. We found that ablation of ZBP1 fully rescued the overt pathology caused by ADAR1 mutation, without reversing the underlying inflammatory program caused by this mutation. While loss of RIPK3 partially phenocopied the protective effects of ZBP1 ablation, combined deletion of caspase-8 and RIPK3, or of caspase-8 and MLKL, unexpectedly exacerbated the pathogenic effects of ADAR1 mutation. These findings indicate that ADAR1 is a negative regulator of sterile ZBP1 activation, and that ZBP1-dependent signaling underlies the autoinflammatory pathology caused by mutation of ADAR1.
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