The Capsella rubella genome and the genomic consequences of rapid mating system evolution
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana
SUBMITTER: Stephen Wright
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-45687 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:RNA-seq reads from the selfing species Arabidopsis thaliana were produced from flowers to study the consequences of the transition from the ancestral state (outcrossing) to the derived state (selfing). This was done in the context of examining another species in the Arabidopsis genus (A. lyrata) and another species pair (Capsella rubella versus Capsella grandiflora, which are selfing and outcrossing, respectively). These samples were generated to complement part of this larger study. Briefly, the shift from outcrossing to selfing is common in flowering plants, but neither the genomic consequences nor the speed with which they appear are well understood. An excellent model for understanding the evolution of self fertilization is provided by Capsella rubella, which became self-compatible <200,000 years ago. We present a reference genome for the species, and compare RNA expression and polymorphism patterns between C. rubella and its outcrossing progenitor C. grandiflora. There is a clear shift in the expression of genes associated with flowering phenotypes; a similar shift is seen in the related genus Arabidopsis, where self-fertilization evolved about 1 million years ago. DNA sequence polymorphisms distinguishing the two Capsella species reveal rapid genome-wide relaxation of purifying selection in C. rubella but without a concomitant change in transposable element abundance. Overall, we document that the transition to selfing may be typified by shifts in expression for genes that function in pollen and flower development, along with a measurable reduction of purifying selection. As part of a cross-species comparison of gene expression, RNA-seq data was generated in biological replication (2 replicates) from Arabidopsis thaliana at the floral stage. In total, two samples (biological replicates) were used. The reference strain was used for the experments (strain Col-0). Resulting data about gene expression was used as part of a larger study. The Capsella rubella and Capsella grandiflora data are included in GEO Series GSE45518.
2013-04-02 | E-GEOD-45685 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:RNA-seq reads from the outcrossing species Arabidopsis lyrata were produced from flowers to study the consequences of the transition from the ancestral state (outcrossing) to the derived state (selfing) that is observed in the sister species Arabidopsis thaliana. This was done in the context of examining another species pair (Capsella rubella versus Capsella grandiflora, which are selfing and outcrossing, respectively). These samples were generated to complement part of this larger study. Briefly, the shift from outcrossing to selfing is common in flowering plants, but neither the genomic consequences nor the speed with which they appear are well understood. An excellent model for understanding the evolution of self fertilization is provided by Capsella rubella, which became self-compatible <200,000 years ago. We present a reference genome for the species, and compare RNA expression and polymorphism patterns between C. rubella and its outcrossing progenitor C. grandiflora. There is a clear shift in the expression of genes associated with flowering phenotypes; a similar shift is seen in the related genus Arabidopsis, where self-fertilization evolved about 1 million years ago. DNA sequence polymorphisms distinguishing the two Capsella species reveal rapid genome-wide relaxation of purifying selection in C. rubella but without a concomitant change in transposable element abundance. Overall, we document that the transition to selfing may be typified by shifts in expression for genes that function in pollen and flower development, along with a measurable reduction of purifying selection. As part of a cross-species comparison of gene expression, RNA-seq data was generated in biological replication (2 replicates) from Arabidopsis lyrata at the floral stage. In total, two samples (biological replicates) were used. The reference strain was used for the experments (strain MN47). Resulting data about gene expression was used as part of a larger study. The Capsella rubella and Capsella grandiflora data are included in GEO Series GSE45518.
2013-04-02 | E-GEOD-45676 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We produced RNA-seq reads from messenger RNA isolated from aerial seedling tissue for Arabidopsis thaliana mutants in the HULK gene family. The read data were generated with biological replication (two replicates). The resulting RNA-seq data provide a resource to assess the function of HULK genes in the control of downstream gene expression in A. thaliana. Examination of RNA transcript levels in HULK T-DNA mutants (and mutant combinations therein) in Arabidopsis thaliana.
2015-01-01 | E-GEOD-54125 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We produced RNA-Seq reads from messenger RNA isolated from root tissue for the 19 MAGIC founder accessions (inbred strains) of Arabidopsis thaliana (see Gan et al. 2011. Nature 477:419-23 for a description of the MAGIC genetic mapping resource). The read data was generated with biological replication (two replicates). The resulting RNA-Seq data provide a resource to assess root gene expression across different accessions of A. thaliana. Comparable RNA-Seq read data for the MAGIC founder accessions for aerial seedling tissue has previously been released under GEO series GSE30720 (Gan et al. 2011. Nature, 477:419-23). Examination of RNA expression in root for the 19 Arabidopsis thaliana accessions used as parents for the MAGIC lines (parental accessions are Bur-0, Can-0, Col-0, Ct-1, Edi-0, Hi-0, Kn-0, Ler-0, Mt-0, No-0, Oy-0, Po-0, Rsch-4, Sf-2, Tsu-0, Wil-2, Ws-0, Wu-0, Zu-0).
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Project description:We produced RNA-Seq reads from messenger RNA isolated from seedling, root, and floral bud tissue for 17 MAGIC founder accessions (inbred strains) of Arabidopsis thaliana (see Gan et al. 2011. Nature, 477:419-23 for a description of the MAGIC genetic mapping resource). The resulting RNA-Seq data provide a resource to assess tissue-specific expression across different accessions of A. thaliana. Note that comparable read data for accessions Col-0 and Can-0, which are also founders of the MAGIC lines, has previously been released under GEO series GSE30795 (Gan et al. 2011. Nature, 477:419-23). Examination of RNA expression across tissues (seedling, root, floral bud) for 17 Arabidopsis thaliana accessions (Bur-0, Ct-1, Edi-0, Hi-0, Kn-0, Ler-0, Mt-0, No-0, Oy-0, Po-0, Rsch-4, Sf-2, Tsu-0, Wil-2, Ws-0, Wu-0, Zu-0).
2013-12-11 | E-GEOD-53197 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We produced RNA-Seq reads from messenger RNA isolated from aerial seedling tissue for 9 hybrids (F1s) generated by crossing in a pairwise manner 18 of the founding accessions (inbred strains) of the Multiparent Advanced Generation Inter-Cross (MAGIC) genetic mapping resource for Arabidopsis thaliana (see Gan et al. 2011. Nature, 477:419-23 for a description of the MAGIC genetic mapping resource). The resulting RNA-Seq data provides a resource to assess allele-specific gene expression between A. thaliana accessions. With 18 of the MAGIC parental inbred accessions (Bur-0, Can-0, Col-0, Ct-1, Edi-0, Hi-0, Kn-0, Ler-0, Mt-0, No-0, Oy-0, Rsch-4, Sf-2, Tsu-0, Wil-2, Ws-0, Wu-0, and Zu-0) crosses were performed to generate 9 sets of F1 progeny from which RNA was extracted with biological replication (three replicates) and for which mRNA-seq was performed to generate strand-specific reads. Library construction and sequencing was performed such that each set of biological replicates were sequenced as a pool (with 9-plex barcoding; each 9-plex was run on two HiSeq lanes).
2014-03-01 | E-GEOD-55482 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Proteus mirabilis is an opportunistic pathogen that causes urinary tract infections in immunocompromised patients. Flagellar motility coupled with the ability to differentiate from short swimmer cells to highly elongated swarmer cells constitute key parts of the infection process. The mechanism by which the cells transduce the signal to differentiate remains unknown, but is believed to involve inhibition of flagellar rotation. Recent work has implicated FliL as a critical component of the signal transduction process, possibly through interactions with the motor proteins. The objective in the current study was to define the molecular mechanism underlying the cellâs ability to perceive a surface and begin the differentiation process, with a specific emphasis as to the role of FliL. Thus, the deep-sequencing technology of RNA-Seq was combined with genetic analysis to further examine the role of FliL in swarmer cell differentiation. RNA-Seq analysis of wild-type swarmer cells confirmed prior reports of genes involved in the differentiation process while concomittantly identifying novel genes potentially involved in swarming (including PMI1628, PMI0714-0716, and PMI0735, PMI0737, PMI0739, and PMI0740-0734). In comparison, RNA-Seq analysis of a fliL mutant showed that nearly all genes associated with the flagellar cascade and chemotaxis are repressed. A phenotypic, genetic, and transcriptomic characterization was then performed on spontaneous revertants of the fliL mutant, in which motility was restored yet still resulted in cells that differentiated under non-inducing (i.e. broth) conditions. Sequencing revealed perturbations in the C-terminus of FliL in both the mutant and revertant. Collectively, the data suggest that FliL senses the torque applied to the motor proteins- such as is encountered by a solid surface - and relays this signal to the master flagellar regulator FlhD4C2, triggering the expression of genes involved in the flagellar cascade. Transcriptomic comparison between wild-type Proteus mirabilis swarmer cells and a fliL mutant via RNA-Seq.
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2016-03-02 | E-GEOD-76291 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In this study, we have uncovered novel proteolytic processing of the histone H3 tail in senescence models in primary fibroblasts and melanocytes. Cleavage of H3 tail occurs at two distinct residues and is mediated by Cathepsin L. We show that variant H3.3 is preferentially cleaved, and that cleaved histones are associated with chromatin and incorporated into nucleosomes. We also found that the histone chaperone ASF1a is required for chromatin incorporation of the cleaved histone species. Further, we show that overexpression of cleaved H3.3 induces a senescence program in fibroblasts in the absensence of oncogenic signaling. For the RNA-seq studies, growing IMR90 fibroblasts were compared to cells induced to senesce via oncogene activation or cleaved H3.3 overexpression. Growing controls consist of IMR90 cells infected with empty retroviral construct pBabe and grown under normal conditions for 13 days prior to RNA isolation. For oncogene-induced senescence samples, IMR90s carrying a tamoxifen-inducible H-RasV12 retroviral construct were induced to senesce by addition of 10nM tamoxifen to the media for 8 days. Finally, IMR90s were infected with a retroviral construct expressing the cleaved form of H3.3 with a C-terminal Flag tag. RNA samples form this group were isolated at days 3 (early) and 13 (late) post-infection. In all cases, total RNA samples were isolated using RNeasy kit (Qiagen) and prepared at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Genomics Core Facility for poly A library construction and sequencing on IlluminaHiSeq 2500.
2014-10-01 | E-GEOD-55949 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Maize and rice are the two most economically important grass crops and utilize distinct forms of photosynthesis to fix carbon: C4 and C3 respectively. Relative to C3 photosynthesis, C4 photosynthesis reduces photorespiration and affords higher water and nitrogen use efficiencies under hot arid conditions. To define key innovations in C4 photosynthesis, we profiled metabolites and gene expression along a developing leaf gradient. A novel statistical method was implemented to compare transcriptomes from these two species along a unified leaf developmental gradient and define candidate cis-regulatory elements and transcription factors driving photosynthetic gene expression. We also present comparative primary and secondary metabolic profiles along the gradients that provide new insight into nitrogen and carbon metabolism in C3 and C4 grasses. These resources, including community viewers to access and mine these datasets, will enable the elucidation and engineering of C4 photosynthetic networks to improve the photosynthetic capacity of C3 and C4 grasses. [Maize] Nine day old third leaves of maize were cut into fifteen 1 cm segments; samples were pooled from an average of seven plants per biological replicate and six biological replicates in total were collected on different dates. [Rice] 14 day old third leaves of rice were cut into eleven 2 cm segments, samples were pooled from an average of 15 plants per biological replicate and four replicates in total were collected.
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