Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

Dataset Information

Whole transcriptome profiling of rat pineal glands and retinas collected throughout a 24-hour cycle

ABSTRACT: The rat pineal transcriptome is highly dynamic, with many hundreds of transcripts changing more than two-fold on a 24-hr basis, as revealed earlier using Affymetrix GeneChip analysis. The retina is evolutionally related to the pineal gland so these two tissues share many gene expression patterns. This study more completely characterizes the temporally dynamic transcriptomes of these tissues using RNA-Seq to capture information regarding alternative splicing, novel exons, unannotated mRNAs, non-coding RNAs, and coding transcripts not represented on the Affymetrix chips. We also identified transcripts that were selectively expressed in the pineal gland relative to other tissues by comparing pineal samples to a sample of pooled non-pineal tissues. The transcriptomes of the rat pineal gland and retina were sequenced using samples collected at 6 time points throughout a 24-hour cycle to identify rhythmically expressed transcripts. The transcriptomes of pools of mixed tissues collected at mid-day (ZT7) and mid-night (ZT19) were also sequenced for comparison to aid in determining pineal-enriched transcripts. Contributor: NISC, Comparative Sequencing Program

ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus

SUBMITTER: Steven Coon

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-46069 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Publications

Drastic neofunctionalization associated with evolution of the timezyme AANAT 500 Mya.

Falcón Jack J Coon Steven L SL Besseau Laurence L Cazaméa-Catalan Damien D Fuentès Michaël M Magnanou Elodie E Paulin Charles-Hubert CH Boeuf Gilles G Sauzet Sandrine S Jørgensen Even H EH Mazan Sylvie S Wolf Yuri I YI Koonin Eugene V EV Steinbach Peter J PJ Hyodo Susumu S Klein David C DC

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20131218 1

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytrypamine) is the vertebrate hormone of the night: circulating levels at night are markedly higher than day levels. This increase is driven by precisely regulated increases in acetylation of serotonin in the pineal gland by arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT), the penultimate enzyme in the synthesis of melatonin. This unique essential role of AANAT in vertebrate timekeeping is recognized by the moniker the timezyme. AANAT is also found in the retina, where mel ...[more]

PMID: 24351931

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Project description:NeuroD1 encodes a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor involved in the development of neural and endocrine structures. NeuroD1 mRNA is highly abundant in the adult mammalian pineal gland and exhibits a developmental expression pattern similar to the retina. This is consistent with the common evolutionary origin of pinealocytes and retinal photoreceptors. Pinealocytes and retinal photoreceptors express a shared set of phototransduction genes and submammalian pinealocytes are photosensitive. In contrast to the retina, the pineal gland is a relatively homogeneous structure, composed 95% of pinealocytes. This makes the pineal gland a particularly useful model for understanding photoreceptor cell biology. The loss of NeuroD1 in the retina results in progressive photoreceptor degeneration and the molecular mechanisms underlying this retinal degeneration phenotype remain unknown. Similarly, the role that NeuroD1 plays in the pineal gland is unknown. To determine the function of NeuroD1 in the pineal gland and retina, a Cre/loxP recombination strategy was used to selectively target a NeuroD1 floxed allele and generate NeuroD1 conditional knockout (cKO) mice. Tissue specificity was conferred using Cre recombinase expressed under the control of the promoter of Crx, a transcription factor selectively expressed in the pineal gland and retina. Pineal and retinal tissues from two-month-old NeuroD1 cKO and control animals were used in microarray studies to identify candidate genes responsible for the photoreceptor degeneration phenotype. The Cre/loxP recombination strategy was used to target a NeuroD1 floxed allele and generate NeuroD1 conditional knockout mice (NeuroD1floxed::Crx-Cre+/-). NeuroD1 floxed mice (NeuroD1floxed::Crx-Cre-/-) served as the controls. Pineal glands and retinas from two-month-old control and conditional knockout mice were collected at ZT6 and ZT20. 3 pools of 6 pineal glands per genotype and respective time of day were collected for each sample. Similarly, 3 pools of 6 retinas each were also collected. RNA from each pool was extracted and hybridized on the Affymetrix Mouse 430 2.0 array.

Dataset Information

Whole transcriptome profiling of rat pineal glands and retinas collected throughout a 24-hour cycle

Publications

Drastic neofunctionalization associated with evolution of the timezyme AANAT 500 Mya.

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