Drosophila midgut regional gene expression
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Drosophila melanogaster
SUBMITTER: Allan Spradling
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-47780 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
Publications
Physiological and stem cell compartmentalization within the Drosophila midgut.
Marianes Alexis A Spradling Allan C AC
eLife 20130827
The Drosophila midgut is maintained throughout its length by superficially similar, multipotent intestinal stem cells that generate new enterocytes and enteroendocrine cells in response to tissue requirements. We found that the midgut shows striking regional differentiation along its anterior-posterior axis. At least ten distinct subregions differ in cell morphology, physiology and the expression of hundreds of genes with likely tissue functions. Stem cells also vary regionally in behavior and g ...[more]
Similar Datasets
Project description:Survival of insects on a substrate containing toxic substances such as plant secondary metabolites or insecticides is dependent on the metabolism or excretion of those xenobiotics. The primary sites of xenobiotic metabolism are the midgut, Malpighian tubules and fat body. In general, these organs are treated as single tissues by online databases, but several studies have shown that gene expression within subsections of the midgut is compartmentalized. In this article, RNA sequencing analysis was used to investigate whole-genome expression in subsections of the third-instar larval midgut. The results support functional diversification in subsections of the midgut. Analysis of the expression of gene families that are implicated in the metabolism of xenobiotics suggests that metabolism may not be uniform along the midgut. These data provide a starting point for investigating gene expression and xenobiotic metabolism in the larval midgut. Examination of expression in eight samples corresponding to compartments of gene expression in the midgut
2014-09-20 | E-GEOD-32329 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We found that the midgut shows striking regional differentiation along its anterior-posterior axis. Ten distinct subregions differ in cell morphology, gene expression and aspects of Notch signaling. RNA from isolated regions that was analyzed by RNAseq revealed spatially regulated expression of hundreds of enzymes and other genes with likely tissue functions.
2013-08-27 | GSE47780 | GEO
Project description:Drosophila adult midgut genes with sex-biased transcription and/or splicing Sex differences in physiology are commonly attributed to developmental and/or hormonal factors, but there is increasing realisation that cell-intrinsic mechanisms play important and persistent roles. Here we use the Drosophila melanogaster intestine to investigate the activity and significance of intrinsic sex in an adult somatic organ in vivo. We find that the adult intestinal epithelium is a cellular mosaic of different sex differentiation pathways, and displays extensive sex differences in expression of genes with roles in growth and metabolism. Cell-specific reversals of the sexual identity of adult intestinal stem cells uncover its key roles in controlling organ size, its reproductive plasticity and susceptibility to tumours. Unlike previous examples of sexually dimorphic somatic stem cell activity, the sex differences in intestinal stem cell behaviour arise from intrinsic mechanisms, which control cell cycle duration and involve a new doublesex- and fruitless-independent branch of the sex differentiation pathway downstream of transformer. Together, our findings indicate that the plasticity of an adult somatic organ is reversibly controlled by its intrinsic sexual identity, imparted by a new mechanism that may be active in more tissues than previously recognised. Adult midgut transcriptomes of 15-day-old virgin female and males were generated by deep sequencing, in triplicate using a Hiseq2000 using paired end 100bp reads.
2016-02-18 | E-GEOD-74772 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Identification of midgut genes with sex-biased transcription and/or splicing under cell-autonomous control of transformer in adult intestinal stem cells Sex differences in physiology are commonly attributed to developmental and/or hormonal factors, but there is increasing realisation that cell-intrinsic mechanisms play important and persistent roles. Here we use the Drosophila melanogaster intestine to investigate the activity and significance of intrinsic sex in an adult somatic organ in vivo. We find that the adult intestinal epithelium is a cellular mosaic of different sex differentiation pathways, and displays extensive sex differences in expression of genes with roles in growth and metabolism. Cell-specific reversals of the sexual identity of adult intestinal stem cells uncover its key roles in controlling organ size, its reproductive plasticity and susceptibility to tumours. Unlike previous examples of sexually dimorphic somatic stem cell activity, the sex differences in intestinal stem cell behaviour arise from intrinsic mechanisms, which control cell cycle duration and involve a new doublesex- and fruitless-independent branch of the sex differentiation pathway downstream of transformer. Together, our findings indicate that the plasticity of an adult somatic organ is reversibly controlled by its intrinsic sexual identity, imparted by a new mechanism that may be active in more tissues than previously recognised. Adult midgut transcriptomes of 15-day-old virgin females were generated by deep sequencing, in triplicate using a Hiseq2000 using paired end 100bp reads. Genotypes were: control, transformer mutant and transformer mutant female in which transformer was re-introduced in adult intestinal stem cells.
2016-02-18 | E-GEOD-74774 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The microsporidia Nosema ceranae are intracellular parasites that proliferate in the midgut epithelial cells of honey bees (Apis mellifera). To analyze the pathological effects of those microsporidia, we orally infected honey bee workers 7 days after their emergence. Bees were flash frozen 15 days after the infection. Then, the effects on the gut ventriculi were analyzed and compared to non-infected (control) bees. Comparisons of control vs Nosema ceranae bees
2011-08-31 | E-GEOD-25455 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We aim to evaluate the effects of four Nosema spores’ isolates, (i) and (ii) N. ceranae isolated from A. mellifera hosts from two different geographical origins, (iii) N. ceranae from A. cerana host and (iv) N. apis from A. mellifera, on the A. mellifera on gut proteomics at the early stage of infection. To dissect the molecular mechanism responsible of the susceptibility of A. mellifera to Nosema, we investigated by high-resolution proteomics (LC-ESI-MS/MS) and differential label-free quantification of proteins (LFQ) the molecular cross-talk existing between different species and isolates of N. apis and N. ceranae, and the targetted gut tissue of A. mellifera. To reach the objectives of this study, we performed a bottom-up proteomic analysis on the different anatomical sections of the gut tissue (esophagus, crop, midgut, ileum and rectum) at an early stage of the exposition to Nosema spores (4 days). Then, we focused on the midgut, the region targeted by Nosema sposres for germination and, as we found out, the second region with the highest load of Nosema proteins, after the rectum, to perform differential quantitative proteomic analyses and acquire series of up- and down-regulated proteins. We discussed the different pathways observed to be impacted by different Nosema species and isolates with a main focus on the deregulated metabolic and response to stimuli processes.
2020-11-25 | PXD021848 | Pride
Project description:Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) and Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV) are type members of Tritimovirus and Poacevirus genera, respectively, in the family Potyviridae, and are transmitted by wheat curl mites. Co-infection of these two viruses causes synergistic interaction with increased virus accumulation and disease severity in wheat. In this study, we examined the effects of synergistic interaction between WSMV and TriMV on endogenous small (s) RNAs and virus-specific small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) in susceptible (Arapahoe) and temperature-sensitive resistant (Mace) wheat cultivars at 27C and 18C. Single- and double-infections in wheat caused a shift in the profile of endogenous sRNAs from 24 nt being the most predominant in healthy plants to 21 nt in infected wheat. Additionally, we report high-resolution vsiRNA maps of WSMV and TriMV in singly- and doubly-infected wheat cultivars Arapahoe and Mace at 18C and 27C. Massive amounts of 21 and 22 nt vsiRNA reads were accumulated in Arapahoe at both temperatures and in Mace at 27C but not at 18C. The plus- and minus-sense vsiRNAs were distributed throughout the genomic RNAs in Arapahoe at both temperature regimens and in Mace at 27C, although some regions of genomic RNAs serve as hot-spots with an excessive number of vsiRNAs. The positions of vsiRNA peaks were conserved among wheat cultivars Arapahoe and Mace, suggesting that Dicer-like enzymes of susceptible and resistant wheat cultivars are similarly accessed the genomic RNAs of WSMV and TriMV. Additionally, several cold-spot regions were found in the genomes of TriMV and WSMV with no or a few vsiRNAs, indicating that certain regions of WSMV and TriMV genomes are not accessible to Dicer-like enzymes. The high-resolution map of endogenous and vsiRNAs from wheat cultivars synergistically infected with WSMV and TriMV at two temperature regimens form a foundation for understanding the virus-host interactions, effect of synergistic interactions on host defense mechanisms, and virus resistance mechanisms in wheat. Small RNA was sequenced from two wheat cultivars (Mace and Araphahoe), at two temperatures 18C and 27C, for healthy (control/uninfected), infected with wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), infected with Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV), and a double-infecttion of WSMV and TriMV.
2014-12-01 | E-GEOD-54026 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We carried out total RNA sequencing on RNA extracted from 5 brain subregions (cerebellum, cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus and thalamus) and liver tissues of wild-type mice at 3 months of age. In total, two female and two male mice were used to obtain biological replicates for appropriate statistical analysis. Not only is this dataset used to perform expression analysis between brain subregions and between brain and liver, it is also used in-conjunction with 5hmC-seq methylation profiles that we performed to study the association between 5hmC and gene expression. Stranded RNA-seq library was prepared and sequenced on a HiSeq2500 by single end sequencing with 100 bp read length.
2017-01-31 | E-MTAB-5166 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We assessed the transcriptome of the main regions of the Drosophila melanogaster gut.
2013-08-08 | E-MTAB-1620 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Low-oxygen tolerance is supported by an adaptive response that includes a coordinate shift in metabolism and the activation of a transcriptional program that is driven by the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway. The precise contribution of HIF-1 in the adaptive response, however, has not been determined. Here we investigate how HIF-1 influences hypoxic adaptation throughout Drosophila development. We find that hypoxic-induced transcriptional changes are comprised of HIF-dependent and HIF-independent pathways that are distinct and separable. We show that normoxic set-points of carbohydrate metabolites are significantly altered in dHIF mutants and that these animals are unable to mobilize glycogen in hypoxia. Furthermore, we find that the estrogen-related receptor (dERR), which is a global regulator of aerobic glycolysis in larvae, is required for a competent hypoxic response. dERR binds to dHIF and participates in the HIF-dependent transcriptional program in hypoxia. In addition, dERR acts in the absence of dHIF in hypoxia and a significant portion of HIF-independent transcriptional responses can be attributed to dERR actions, including upregulation of glycolytic transcripts. These results indicate that competent hypoxic responses arise from complex interactions between HIF-dependent and -independent mechanisms, and that dERR plays a central role in both of these programs. Fly eggs were collected onto egg caps with yeast paste . The caps were replaced after overnight incubation periods and kept at 25M-BM-:C, until mid-L2. At mid-L2, larvae were transferred to a fresh egg cap with blue yeast paste (0.3% bromophenol blue), and allowed to develop until achieving the partial clear gut L3 stage (-10 to -4 hrs prior to metamorphic onset). Appropriately staged animals were moved to fresh agar plates and allowed to age an additional 6 hours at 25M-BM-:C (normoxic treatment). Alternatively, animals were placed in an airtight Modular Incubator Chamber for 6 hours at 25M-BM-:C after a gas mixture containing 4% oxygen balanced with nitrogen was flashed into the chamber (hypoxic treatment). Mutant larvae were sorted for the absence of GFP expression using dissecting stereoscope with fluorescence at mid-L2. Microarray analyses were performed on at least three biological replicates of w1118, dHIF mutants, or dERR mutants at the partial clear gut third instar larval stage and were treated for 6 hours in normoxia or 4% O2. For each biological replicate, at least 10 larvae were collected and washed with 1M-CM-^WPBS. Larvae were placed in TRIzol (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) and homogenized using VWR disposable pellet mixer. Total RNA was isolated using a TRIzol/RQ1 DNase (Promega, Madison, WI) hybrid extraction protocol. Template labelings were performed using the GeneChip 3' IVT Express Kit according to the manufacturerM-bM-^@M-^Ys specifications (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA). Hybridizations to Affymetrix GeneChip Drosophila Genome 2.0 arrays were performed using the manufacturers recommendations. Every chip was scanned at a high resolution by the Affymetrix GeneChipM-BM-. Scanner 3000 according to the GeneChip Expression Analysis Technical Manual procedures (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA).
2013-02-05 | E-GEOD-33100 | biostudies-arrayexpress