Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

Dataset Information

Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of maize (Zea mays c.v. Nathan) plants infected by Colletotrichum graminicola strains.

ABSTRACT: In order to characterize defense responses not only cytologically, but also on the transcript level, genome-wide sequencing of mRNA isolated from non-infected control leaves and from leaves inoculated either with the WT or with GLS1 overexpressing strains was performed, using Illumina Next Generation Sequencing Technology. In order to identify transcripts specifically induced in leaves infected by β-1,3-glucan-exposing strains, transcript patterns of leaves inoculated with GLS1 overexpressing PtrpC:GLS1 strains were compared with those of the WT. In PtrpC:GLS1-inoculated leaves, a total of 2179 genes were more than 2.5-fold increased, with many genes known as genes typically up-regulated in PAMP-triggered defense responses. These genes include genes encoding PR proteins enzymes involved in cell wall re-inforcemen, and terpene synthases possibly involved in phytoalexin synthesis. Furthermore, increased transcript abundance of genes encoding serine-threonine receptor-like kinases calmodulin, as well as zinc-finger and WRKY transcription factors have been identified. Other up-regulated genes encode proteins involved in protein degradation, i.e. proteases, ubiquitin ligases, as well as enzymes involved in synthesis of auxin or cytokinin phytohormones. In comparison, 2164 genes were more than 2.5-fold down-regulated in maize leaves infected by PtrpC:GLS1 strains, as compared to WT-infected leaves. Several of the encoded proteins are known susceptibility factors. Forty-six down-regulated genes code for proteins containing iron or manganese, or are involved in uptake of these ions, suggesting major re-arrangement of the redox-status in maize leaves after β-glucan perception. Examination of plant defense responses in maize plants inoculated with 2 different Colletotrichum graminicola strains.

ORGANISM(S): Zea mays

SUBMITTER: Ely Garcia

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-48208 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Publications

Infection structure-specific expression of β-1,3-glucan synthase is essential for pathogenicity of Colletotrichum graminicola and evasion of β-glucan-triggered immunity in maize.

Oliveira-Garcia Ely E Deising Holger B HB

The Plant cell 20130628 6

β-1,3-Glucan and chitin are the most prominent polysaccharides of the fungal cell wall. Covalently linked, these polymers form a scaffold that determines the form and properties of vegetative and pathogenic hyphae. While the role of chitin in plant infection is well understood, the role of β-1,3-glucan is unknown. We functionally characterized the β-1,3-glucan synthase gene GLS1 of the maize (Zea mays) pathogen Colletotrichum graminicola, employing RNA interference (RNAi), GLS1 overexpression, l ...[more]

PMID: 23898035

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Project description:Inoculation of endophyte-free (E-) Theobroma cacao leaves with Colletotrichum tropicale (E+), the dominant foliar fungal endophyte in healthy T. cacao, induced significant changes in the expression of hundreds of host genes. Further, E+ leaves exhibit enhanced pathogen resistance, increased lignin and cellulose content, reduced maximum rates of photosynthesis (Amax), and enrichment of nitrogen-15 and carbon-13 isotopes that all correspond to the changes in expression of specific functional genes in related pathways. Moreover, a cacao gene highly up-regulated in E+ leaves increases pathogen resistance apart from any direct endophyte effects. Thus, benefits of increased pathogen resistance in E+ plants are partially due to enhanced induction of intrinsic host defense pathways, and potential costs include reduced photosynthetic capacity and endophyte metabolism of host tissues. Similar effects are likely to be properties of most plant-endophyte interactions, suggesting general relevance to the design and interpretation of studies of genetic and phenotypic expression in plants. The objective of this experiment was to identify Theobroma cacao genes that are differentially expressed between leaves inoculated with fungal endophyte Colletotrichum tropicale (E+ leaves) and control un-inoculated leaves (E- leaves) 14 days post last endophyte inoculation. The experiment was conducted in a Percival growth chambers (model I35LL, 115 volts, 1/4 Hp, series: 8503122.16, Percival Scientific, Inc., Perry IA) with 12/12 h light/dark photoperiod and temperatures of 30M-BM-:C and 26M-BM-:C respectively. A total of four endophyte spore inoculations (1X10^6 spore/ml) were made by aspersion to a group of T. cacao seedlings and a second group of seedlings were maintained as un-inoculated. Then six biological replicates per treatment (E+ leaves and six E- leaves) each one belonging from a different seedling were collected and processed for a two color oligo microarray analysis. A total of six arrays were processed, each one hybridized to an inoculated and a control un-inoculated sample in a dye swap design.

Dataset Information

Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of maize (Zea mays c.v. Nathan) plants infected by Colletotrichum graminicola strains.

Publications

Infection structure-specific expression of β-1,3-glucan synthase is essential for pathogenicity of Colletotrichum graminicola and evasion of β-glucan-triggered immunity in maize.

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