ERNA: A graphic user interface-based tool for RNA sequencing data analysis [microRNA-Seq]
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
SUBMITTER: Liang Wang
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-53451 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:The knowledge of the host response to the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is still limited, slowing the understanding of COVID-19 pathogenesis and the development of therapeutic strategies. During the course of a viral infection, host cells release exosomes and other extracellular vesicles carrying viral and host components, which can modulate the immune response. The present study used a shotgun proteomic approach to mapping the host circulating exosomes response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. We investigated how SARS-CoV-2 modulates extracellular vesicles content, their involvement in disease progression and the potential use of plasma exosomes as biomarkers of disease severity. Proteomic analysis of patients derived exosomes identified several molecules involved in immune response, inflammation, activation of coagulation and complement pathways, the main mechanisms of COVID-19-associated tissue damage and multiple organ dysfunctions. In addition, several potential exosomal biomarkers such as C-reactive protein, Fibrinogen gamma chain, C4b-binding protein alpha chain and Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1, presenting an area under the curve (AUC) of 1, were identified. Proteins correlated to the severity of the disease were also detected. These data indicate the existence of a significant contribution of circulating exosomes to inflammation, coagulation, and immunomodulation during SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Project description:Breast milk is the primary source of nutrition for newborns, and rich in immunological components. microRNAs (miRNAs), a well-defined group of non-coding small RNAs, are present in various body fluids (such as breast milk), which are selectively packaged inside the exosomes, a type of membrane vesicles, secreted by most cell types. These exosomal miRNAs could be actively delivered into recipient cells, and regulate target gene expression and recipient cell function. We present the lactation-related miRNA expression profiles in porcine milk exosomes across entire lactation period in pig industry (newborn to 28 days after birth) using deep sequencing technology. We found that the immune-related miRNAs are presented and enriched in breast milk exosomes, and generally resistant to relatively harsh conditions. Notably, these exosomal miRNAs exhibited the higher abundances in the colostrum (newborn to 3 days after birth) than that in the mature milk (7 to 28 days after birth), as well as in the serum of colostrum-feeding piglets compared with the only mature milk-feeding piglets. These immune-related miRNAs-loaded exosomes in breast milk may be transferred into the infant body via the digestive tract. These observations are prelude to the in-depth investigations of the essential roles of the breast milk in the development of the infant’s immune system. Eight small RNA libraries in porcine breast milk exosomes of six lactigenous stages (0, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after birth) from three female pigs were sequenced.
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