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P53 and 5hmC in gene regulation

ABSTRACT: p53 is one of the most frequently mutated genes in human cancers, which could regulate multiple target genes involved in a widespread of cellular processes. The regulation of DNA methylation dynamics is critical for maintaining genome stability and proper gene expression. Recently a family of Ten-Eleven-Translocation (TET) proteins has been shown to possess the enzymatic activity to oxidize 5mC to 5hmC, and contribute to DNA demethylation. Here we explore the relationship between p53 binding, 5hmC modification and gene activation using human p53-deficient cells (H1299). H1299 Cells with and without p53

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Peng Jin

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-53895 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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p53 and 5hmC in gene regulation

Project description:p53 is one of the most frequently mutated genes in human cancers, which could regulate multiple target genes involved in a widespread of cellular processes. The regulation of DNA methylation dynamics is critical for maintaining genome stability and proper gene expression. Recently a family of Ten-Eleven-Translocation (TET) proteins has been shown to possess the enzymatic activity to oxidize 5mC to 5hmC, and contribute to DNA demethylation. Here we explore the relationship between p53 binding, 5hmC modification and gene activation using human p53-deficient cells (H1299).

2016-04-01 | GSE53895 | GEO

Stable 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) Acquisition Marks Gene Activation During Chondrogenic Differentiation [seq]

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Differential RNA expression profiling in response to TET inhbition

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Stable 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) Acquisition Marks Gene Activation During Chondrogenic Differentiation [array]

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5-hydroxymethylcytosine dynamics during retinal maturation

Project description:Ten-eleven translocation (Tet) hydroxylases (Tet1-3) oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). In neurons increased 5hmC levels within gene bodies correlate positively with gene expression. Here, we studied 5hmC profiles (hMeDIP) during retinal maturation between postnatal week 2 and postnatal week 3 using HiSeq 2000 instrument.

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5-hydroxymethylcytosine dynamics during retinal maturation

Project description:Ten-eleven translocation (Tet) hydroxylases (Tet1-3) oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). In neurons increased 5hmC levels within gene bodies correlate positively with gene expression. Here, we studied 5hmC profiles (hMeDIP) during retinal maturation between postnatal week 2 and postnatal week 3 using HiSeq 2000 instrument. Study of retinal 5hmC profile dynamics in 2-week old and 3-week old wild type (WT) mouse.

2015-04-02 | E-GEOD-65860 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Rest recruits neuronal Tet3 to induce chromatin remodeling and gene expression

Project description:Ten-eleven translocation (Tet) hydroxylases (Tet1-3) oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). In neurons increased 5hmC levels within gene bodies correlate positively with gene expression. The mechanisms controlling Tet activity and 5hmC levels are poorly understood. In particular, it is not known how the neuronal Tet3 isoform lacking a DNA binding domain is targeted to the DNA. To identify factors binding to Tet3 we screened for proteins that co-precipitate with Tet3 from mouse retina and identified the transcriptional repressor Rest as a highly enriched Tet3-specific interactor. Rest was able to enhance Tet3 hydroxylase activity after co-expression and overexpression of Tet3 activated transcription of Rest-target genes. Moreover, we found that Tet3 also interacts with Nsd3 and two other H3K36 methyltransferases and is able to induce H3K36 trimethylation. We propose a mechanism for transcriptional activation in neurons that involves Rest-guided targeting of Tet3 to the DNA for directed 5hmC-generation and Nsd3-mediated H3K36 trimethylation.

2015-04-02 | PXD001857 | Pride

Genome-wide Regulation of 5hmC, 5mC and Gene Expression by Tet1 Hydroxylase in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells (expression data)

Project description:DNA methylation of C5-cytosine (5mC) in the mammalian genome is a key epigenetic event that is critical for various cellular processes. However, how the genome-wide 5mC pattern is dynamically regulated remains a fundamental question in epigenetic biology. The TET family of 5mC hydroxylases, which convert 5mC to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), have provided a new potential mechanism for the dynamic regulation of DNA methylation. The extent to which individual Tet family members contribute to the genome-wide 5mC and 5hmC patterns and associated gene network remains largely unknown. Here we report genome-wide mapping of Tet1 and 5hmC in mESCs and reveal a mechanism of action by which Tet1 controls 5hmC and 5mC levels in mESCs. In combination with microarray and mRNA-seq expression profiling, we identify a comprehensive yet intricate gene network influenced by Tet1. We propose a model whereby Tet1 controls DNA methylation both by binding to CpG-rich regions to prevent unwanted DNA methyltransferase activity, and by converting the existing 5mC to 5hmC through its enzymatic activity. This Tet1-mediated antagonism of CpG methylation imparts differential maintenance of DNA methylation status at Tet1 target loci, thereby providing a new regulatory mechanism for establishing the epigenetic landscape of mESCs, which ultimately contributes to mESC differentiation and the onset of embryonic development. Tet1 protein was depleted in J1 or E14 mouse ES cells by siRNA or shRNA treatment. Total RNA was purified and used to determine the global gene transcription profiles by microarray assays. The Tet1-regulated genes were identified by comparing the gene expression profiles of control and Tet1-depleted ES cells.

2011-04-21 | E-GEOD-28530 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Genome-wide Regulation of 5hmC, 5mC and Gene Expression by Tet1 Hydroxylase in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells (bisulfite sequencing data)

Project description:DNA methylation of C5-cytosine (5mC) in the mammalian genome is a key epigenetic event that is critical for various cellular processes. However, how the genome-wide 5mC pattern is dynamically regulated remains a fundamental question in epigenetic biology. The TET family of 5mC hydroxylases, which convert 5mC to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), have provided a new potential mechanism for the dynamic regulation of DNA methylation. The extent to which individual Tet family members contribute to the genome-wide 5mC and 5hmC patterns and associated gene network remains largely unknown. Here we report genome-wide mapping of Tet1 and 5hmC in mESCs and reveal a mechanism of action by which Tet1 controls 5hmC and 5mC levels in mESCs. In combination with microarray and mRNA-seq expression profiling, we identify a comprehensive yet intricate gene network influenced by Tet1. We propose a model whereby Tet1 controls DNA methylation both by binding to CpG-rich regions to prevent unwanted DNA methyltransferase activity, and by converting the existing 5mC to 5hmC through its enzymatic activity. This Tet1-mediated antagonism of CpG methylation imparts differential maintenance of DNA methylation status at Tet1 target loci, thereby providing a new regulatory mechanism for establishing the epigenetic landscape of mESCs, which ultimately contributes to mESC differentiation and the onset of embryonic development. To determine the genome-wide DNA methylation changes caused by Tet1 depletion in mouse ES cells. Tet1 protein was depleted by specific siRNA treatment. The DNA methylation levels in control and Tet1 siRNA-transfected ES cells were determined by targeted bisulfite sequencing.

2011-04-21 | E-GEOD-28533 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Genome-wide Regulation of 5hmC, 5mC and Gene Expression by Tet1 Hydroxylase in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells (expression data)

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