A Molecular Portrait of the Homologous Recombination DNA Repair via Genome-wide Transcriptome Profiling
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
SUBMITTER: Chun-Jen Lin
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-54269 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:Homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair deficiency (HRD) predisposes to cancer development, but also provides therapeutic opportunities. Here, we identified an HRD gene signature that robustly predicted HRD status. Unexpectedly, concurrent loss of PTEN in BRCA1-deficient cells might extensively rewire the HR repair network and confer resistance to PARP inhibitor, partially through over-expression of TTK. We used the HRD gene signature as a drug discovery tool and found several PARP-inhibitor-synergizing agents through the connectivity map. Thus gene expression profiling can be used to define the functional status of the HR repair network providing prognostic and therapeutic information. Various shRNAs that target genes involved in homologous recombination (HR) were transfected in MCF-10A non-transformed breast cells lines. Stable HR gene knockdown MCF-10A cells were seeded 200000 at 10 cm plate. Cells were harvested after 48 hours culturing and used for gene expression profiling. The shRNAs that target ATM, ATR, CHK1, CHK2, and 53BP1 genes were transfected in MCF-10A non-transformed breast cell line by lentiviral particles and selected stable ATM, ATR, CHK1, CHK2, and 53BP1 knockdown MCF-10A cells. Scrambled control shRNA-transfected and wild type MCF-10A cells were applying as control. All knockdown and control MCF-10A cells were seeded with 2 x 10^5 cells at 10 cm culture plate. Cells were cultured in MCF-10A medium and harvested after 48 hours culturing. mRNA was extracted from collected cells and performing gene expression profiling. Three biological replicates were applied.
2014-01-24 | E-GEOD-54268 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair deficiency (HRD) predisposes to cancer development, but also provides therapeutic opportunities Here, we identified an HRD gene signature that robustly predicted HRD status Unexpectedly, concurrent loss of PTEN in BRCA1-deficient cells might extensively rewire the HR repair network and confer resistance to PARP inhibitor, partially through over-expression of TTK We used the HRD gene signature as a drug discovery tool and found several PARP-inhibitor-synergizing agents through the connectivity map Thus gene expression profiling can be used to define the functional status of the HR repair network providing prognostic and therapeutic information Various shRNAs that target genes involved in homologous recombination (HR) were transfected in MCF-10A non-transformed breast cells lines Stable HR gene knockdown MCF-10A cells were seeded 200000 at 10 cm plate Cells were harvested after 48 hours culturing and used for gene expression profiling The shRNA that target Brit1 genes was transfected in MCF-10A non-transformed breast cell line by lentiviral particles and selected stable Brit1 knockdown MCF-10A cells. Scrambled control shRNA-transfected MCF-10A cells were applying as control. Both stable Brit1 knockdown and control MCF-10A cells were seeded with 2 x 10^5 cells at 10 cm culture plate. Cells were cultured in MCF-10A medium and harvested after 48 hours culturing. mRNA was extracted from collected cells and performing gene expression profiling. Three or four biological replicates were applied.
2014-01-24 | E-GEOD-54264 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair deficiency (HRD) predisposes to cancer development, but also provides therapeutic opportunities. Here, we identified an HRD gene signature that robustly predicted HRD status. Unexpectedly, concurrent loss of PTEN in BRCA1-deficient cells might extensively rewire the HR repair network and confer resistance to PARP inhibitor, partially through over-expression of TTK. We used the HRD gene signature as a drug discovery tool and found several PARP-inhibitor-synergizing agents through the connectivity map. Thus gene expression profiling can be used to define the functional status of the HR repair network providing prognostic and therapeutic information. Various shRNAs that target genes involved in homologous recombination (HR) were transfected in MCF-10A non-transformed breast cells lines. Stable HR gene knockdown MCF-10A cells were seeded 200000 at 10 cm plate. Cells were harvested after 48 hours culturing and used for gene expression profiling. The shRNA that target CHK1 gene was transfected in human osteosarcoma U2OS cell line by lentiviral particles and selected stable CHK1 knockdown U2OS cells. Scrambled control shRNA-transfected U2OS cells were applying as control. Both stable CHK1 knockdown and control U2OS cells were seeded with 2 x 10^5 cells at 10 cm culture plate. Cells were cultured in McCOY 5A medium with 10% FBS and harvested after 48 hours culturing. mRNA was extracted from collected cells and performing gene expression profiling. Three biological replicates were applied.
2014-01-24 | E-GEOD-54267 | biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:Environmental temperature directly affects the concentration of chemicals in the gas phase. Therefore, if the olfactory system does not adapt to environmental conditions may provide inadequate information about distance to or direction of odor sources. Previous reports in Drosophila melanogaster show that temperature induces changes in olfactory sensitivity in complete individuals. Electrophysiological analysis demonstrates that these changes initiate at the olfactory receptor organs. In this experiment we try to identify particular genes responsible for olfactory adaptation to increasing temperatures using receptor organs of Drosophila after exposure to high temperatures. With this aim, wild-type Canton-S flies were subjected to 48-hour treatments at 30 degrees C. We use a direct approach selecting the specific tissue and making 'a priori' the gene election for the microarray analysis. Differential gene-expression analyses at the third antennal segments are performed comparing control and treated flies.
2013-08-01 | E-MTAB-1228 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair deficiency (HRD) predisposes to cancer development, but also provides therapeutic opportunities. Here, we identified an HRD gene signature that robustly predicted HRD status. Unexpectedly, concurrent loss of PTEN in BRCA1-deficient cells might extensively rewire the HR repair network and confer resistance to PARP inhibitor, partially through over-expression of TTK. We used the HRD gene signature as a drug discovery tool and found several PARP-inhibitor-synergizing agents through the connectivity map. Thus gene expression profiling can be used to define the functional status of the HR repair network providing prognostic and therapeutic information. Various shRNAs that target genes involved in homologous recombination (HR) were transfected in MCF-10A non-transformed breast cells lines. Stable HR gene knockdown MCF-10A cells were seeded 200000 at 10 cm plate. Cells were harvested after 48 hours culturing and used for gene expression profiling. The shRNAs that target PTEN or BRCA1 genes were transfected in MCF-10A non-transformed breast cell line by lentiviral particles. Stable BRCA1 and PTEN knockdown MCF-10A cells were selected. Scrambled control shRNA-transfected MCF-10A cells were applying as control. All knockdown and control MCF-10A cells were seeded with 2 x 10^5 cells at 10 cm culture plate. Cells were cultured in MCF-10A medium and harvested after 48 hours culturing. mRNA was extracted from collected cells and performing gene expression profiling. Four biological replicates were applied. Four biological replicates were applied.
2014-01-24 | E-GEOD-54266 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair deficiency (HRD) predisposes to cancer development, but also provides therapeutic opportunities. Here, we identified an HRD gene signature that robustly predicted HRD status. Unexpectedly, concurrent loss of PTEN in BRCA1-deficient cells might extensively rewire the HR repair network and confer resistance to PARP inhibitor, partially through over-expression of TTK. We used the HRD gene signature as a drug discovery tool and found several PARP-inhibitor-synergizing agents through the connectivity map. Thus gene expression profiling can be used to define the functional status of the HR repair network providing prognostic and therapeutic information. Various shRNAs that target genes involved in homologous recombination (HR) were transfected in MCF-10A non-transformed breast cells lines. Stable HR gene knockdown MCF-10A cells were seeded 200000 at 10 cm plate. Cells were harvested after 48 hours culturing and used for gene expression profiling. The shRNAs that target PTEN or BRCA1 genes were transfected in MCF-10A non-transformed breast cell line by lentiviral particles to generate either single gene knockdown or double gene knockdown. Stable BRCA1, PTEN, and BRCA1_PTEN MCF-10A cells were selected. Scrambled control shRNA-transfected MCF-10A cells were applying as control. All knockdown and control MCF-10A cells were seeded with 2 x 10^5 cells at 10 cm culture plate. Cells were cultured in MCF-10A medium and harvested after 48 hours culturing. mRNA was extracted from collected cells and performing gene expression profiling. Three or four biological replicates were applied. Four biological replicates were applied.
2014-01-24 | E-GEOD-54265 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2014-01-24 | GSE54269 | GEO
Project description:Homologous recombination (HR) is a pathway to faithfully repair DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). At the core of this pathway is a DNA recombinase, which, as a nucleoprotein filament on ssDNA, pairs with homologous DNA as a template to repair the damaged site. In eukaryotes Rad51 is the recombinase capable of carrying out essential steps including strand invasion, homology search on the sister chromatid and strand exchange. Importantly, a tightly regulated process involving many protein factors has evolved to ensure proper localisation of this DNA repair machinery and its correct timing within the cell cycle. Dysregulation of any of the proteins involved can result in unchecked DNA damage, leading to uncontrolled cell division and cancer. Indeed, many are tumour suppressors and are key targets in the development of new cancer therapies. Over the past 40 years, our structural and mechanistic understanding of homologous recombination has steadily increased with notable recent advancements due to the advances in single particle cryo electron microscopy. These have resulted in higher resolution structural models of the signalling proteins ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated), and ATR (ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein), along with various structures of Rad51. However, structural information of the other major players involved, such as BRCA1 (breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein) and BRCA2 (breast cancer type 2 susceptibility protein), has been limited to crystal structures of isolated domains and low-resolution electron microscopy reconstructions of the full-length proteins. Here we summarise the current structural understanding of homologous recombination, focusing on key proteins in recruitment and signalling events as well as the mediators for the Rad51 recombinase.
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Project description:ARF is a tumour suppressor activated by oncogenic stress, which stabilizes p53. Although p53 is a key component of the response to DNA damage, a similar function for ARF has not been ascribed. In this work we show that homologous recombination (HR) -deficient primary mouse and human cells accumulate DNA damage, which triggers checkpoint signalling and ARF activation. We also show that in the absence of ARF p53 is induce in response to DNA damage, but surprisingly fails to trigger senescence. The hypothesis tested in this study was that ARF deficiency alters the spectrum of genes activated by p53 in response to HR deficiency. Using mRNA microarray analysis and expression profiling, we identified genes upregulated in wild type primary MEFs treated with RAD51 shRNA, whose expression was not induced in similarly treated Arf -/- primary MEFs. Clustering analysis of p53 transcriptional targets with increased expression in RAD51-depleted cells revealed three groups: genes requiring functional ARF for their expression, genes transcribed in an ARF-independent manner and genes that are upregulated in both ARF-proficient and ARF-deficient cells. Among the genes in the last group we found Cdkn1a(p21), encoding the p21 inhibitor of cyclindependent kinases and well-characterized effector of the p53 role in promoting senescence. The subset of p53 targets requiring ARF for their transcription was specifically upregulated in response to RAD51 inhibition in wild type, but not Arf -/- MEFs. Among these genes, two encoded the dual specificity phosphatase (DUSP) family members DUSP4 and DUSP7, which act as ERK phosphatases and negative regulators of the MAPK kinase pathway in mammalian cells. Four samples were analysed (WT or ARF negative cells transfected with GFP or RAD51 shRNAs) in duplicate. Samples treated with GFP shRNA are the reference samples and the ones treated with RAD51 shRNA are the experimental ones (RAD51 depletion leads to HR deficiency). The WT cell line is our control cell line to study the effect of HR deficiency on the transcription of p53 target genes
2014-12-04 | E-GEOD-51354 | biostudies-arrayexpress