Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Aorta- and liver-specific ERalpha binding patterns and gene regulation by estrogen

ABSTRACT: Estrogen has vascular protective effects in premenopausal women and in women under 60 receiving hormone replacement therapy. However, estrogen also increases risks of breast and uterine cancers and of venous thromboses linked to upregulation of coagulation factors in the liver. In mouse models, the vasoprotective effects of estrogen are mediated by the estrogen receptor alpha (ERa) transcription factor. Here, through next generation sequencing approaches, we show that almost all of the genes regulated by 17-b-estradiol (E2) differ between mouse aorta and mouse liver, and that this is associated with a distinct genomewide distribution of ERa on chromatin. Bioinformatic analysis of E2-regulated promoters and ERa binding site sequences identify several transcription factors that may determine the tissue specificity of ERa binding and E2-regulated genes, including the enrichment of NFkB, AML1 and AP-1 sites in the promoters of E2 downregulated inflammatory genes in aorta but not liver. The possible vascular-specific functions of these factors suggests ways in which the protective effects of estrogen could be promoted in the vasculature without incurring negative effects in other tissues. Our results also highlight the likely importance of rapid signaling of membrane-associated ERa to cellular kinases (altering the activities of transcription factors other than ER itself) in determining tissue specific transcriptional responses to estrogen. The aortas or liver fragments of wild-type C57/BL6 mice were incubated ex vivo with 10nM E2 or ethanol vehicle for 4 hours before harvesting for RNA collection. Each condition was performed with two biological replicates, and each replicate contained aortas or liver fragments from 4 mice.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Gavin Schnitzler

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-57804 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Research resource: Aorta- and liver-specific ERα-binding patterns and gene regulation by estrogen.

Gordon Francesca K FK Vallaster Caroline S CS Westerling Thomas T Iyer Lakshmanan K LK Brown Myles M Schnitzler Gavin R GR

Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) 20140703 8

Estrogen has vascular protective effects in premenopausal women and in women younger than 60 years who are receiving hormone replacement therapy. However, estrogen also increases the risks of breast and uterine cancers and of venous thromboses linked to up-regulation of coagulation factors in the liver. In mouse models, the vasculoprotective effects of estrogen are mediated by the estrogen receptor α (ERα) transcription factor. Here, through next-generation sequencing approaches, we show that al ...[more]

PMID: 24992180

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Project description:Background: Clinical trial and epidemiological data support that the cardiovascular effects of estrogen are complex, including a mixture of both potentially beneficial and harmful effects. In animal models, estrogen protects females from vascular injury and inhibits atherosclerosis. These effects are mediated by estrogen receptors (ERs), which when bound to estrogen can bind to DNA to directly regulate transcription. ERs can also activate several cellular kinases by inducing a M-bM-^@M-^\rapidM-bM-^@M-^] non-nuclear signaling cascade. However, the biologic significance of this rapid signaling pathway has been unclear. Methods and Results: Here, we develop a novel transgenic mouse in which rapid signaling is blocked by over-expression of a peptide that prevents ERs from interacting with the scaffold protein, striatin (the Disrupting Peptide Mouse, DPM). Microarray analysis of ex vivo-treated mouse aortas demonstrates that rapid ER signaling plays an important role in E2-mediated gene regulatory responses. Disruption of ER-striatin interactions also eliminates the ability of E2 to stimulate cultured endothelial cell migration and to inhibit cultured vascular smooth muscle cell growth. The importance of these findings is underscored by in vivo experiments demonstrating loss of estrogen-mediated protection against vascular injury in the DPM mouse following carotid artery wire injury. Conclusions: Taken together, these results support that rapid, non-nuclear ER signaling contributes to the transcriptional regulatory functions of ER, and is essential for many of the vasoprotective effects of estrogen. These findings also identify the rapid ER signaling pathway as a potential target for the development of novel therapeutic agents. Transgenic disrupting peptide mice (DPM) express the Estrogen Receptor (ER) alpha amino acids 176-253 peptide under CMV promoter control. This peptide blocks interactions between ER and striatin, which inhibits rapid non-genomic signaling by ER to cellular kinases. Female WT and DPM mice (4 mice per sample) were overiectomized, and 1 week later aortas were harvested and treated + 10 nM beta-estradiol (E2) or + EtOH vehicle (Veh) for 4 hrs ex vivo. Total RNA was collected, reverse transcribed to cDNA and used to probe Affymetrix mouse 430.A 2.0 arrays.

Project description:Multiple signaling pathways ultimately modulate the epigenetic information embedded in the chromatin of gene promoters by recruiting epigenetic enzymes. We found that, in estrogen-regulated gene programming, the acetyltransferase CREB-binding protein (CBP) is specifically and exclusively methylated by the coactivator-associated arginine methyltransferase (CARM1) in vivo. CARM1-dependent CBP methylation and p160 coactivators were required for estrogen-induced recruitment to chromatin targets. Notably, methylation increased the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity of CBP and stimulated its autoacetylation. Comparative genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) studies revealed a variety of patterns by which p160, CBP, and methyl-CBP (meCBP) are recruited (or not) by estrogen to chromatin targets. Moreover, significant target gene-specific variation in the recruitment of (1) the p160 RAC3 protein, (2) the fraction of a given meCBP species within the total CBP, and (3) the relative recruitment of different meCBP species suggests the existence of a target gene-specific âfingerprintâ for coregulator recruitment. Crossing ChIP-seq and transcriptomics profiles revealed the existence of meCBP âhubsâ within the network of estrogen-regulated genes. Together, our data provide evidence for an unprecedented mechanism by which CARM1-dependent CBP methylation results in gene-selective association of estrogen-recruited meCBP species with different HAT activities and specifies distinct target gene hubs, thus diversifying estrogen receptor programming. Examination of estrogen-induced binding site in H3396 cells under Estrogen (E2) or Ethanol (EtOH) treatment: CBP in E2; CBP in EtOH (two technical replicate); CBPR742m in E2 (two technical replicates); CBPR768m in E2; CBPR768m in EtOH; CBPR2151m in E2; CBPR2151m in EtOH; Estrogen receptor alpha (ERa) in E2; ERa in EtOH; Total Histone 3 and 4 acetylated in E2; H3K18ac in E2; H3K18ac in EtOH; Polymerase II (PolII) in E2; PolII in EtOH; RAC3 in E2; Input DNA sample in E2

Dataset Information

Aorta- and liver-specific ERalpha binding patterns and gene regulation by estrogen

Publications

Research resource: Aorta- and liver-specific ERα-binding patterns and gene regulation by estrogen.

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