Open chromatin mapping identifies transcriptional networks regulating human epididymis epithelial function
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
SUBMITTER: Ann Harris
PROVIDER: E-GEOD-59783 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
Publications
Open chromatin mapping identifies transcriptional networks regulating human epididymis epithelial function.
Browne James A JA Yang Rui R Song Lingyun L Crawford Gregory E GE Leir Shih-Hsing SH Harris Ann A
Molecular human reproduction 20140901 12
The epithelium lining the epididymis in the male reproductive tract maintains a luminal environment that promotes sperm cell maturation. This process is dependent on the coordinated expression of many genes that encode proteins with a role in epithelial transport. We previously generated genome-wide maps of open chromatin in primary human epididymis epithelial (HEE) cells to identify potential regulatory elements controlling coordinated gene expression in the epididymis epithelium. Subsequent in ...[more]
Similar Datasets
Project description:The epithelium lining the epididymis in the male reproductive tract maintains a luminal environment that promotes sperm cell maturation. This process is dependent on the coordinated expression of many genes that encode proteins with a role in epithelial transport. We previously generated genome-wide maps of open chromatin in primary human fetal epididymis epithelial cells to identify potential regulatory elements controlling coordinated gene expression in the epididymis epithelium. Subsequent in silico analysis identified transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) that were over-represented in the HEE open chromatin, include the motif for paired box 2 (PAX2). PAX2 is a critical transcriptional regulator of urogenital tract development, which is well studied in the kidney but is unexplored in the epididymis. Due to the limited lifespan of primary HEE cells in culture we investigated the role of PAX2 in an immortalized HEE cell line (REP). First, REP cells were evaluated by DNase-seq and their open chromatin map overlapped that of primary HEE cells at ~ 65% of sites. Moreover, the PAX2-binding motif was again identified as an overrepresented TFBS within intergenic open chromatin, though on fewer chromosomes than in the primary HEE cells. To identify PAX2-target genes in REP cells, RNA-seq analysis was performed after siRNA-mediated depletion of PAX2 in comparison to a non-targeting siRNA. In response to PAX2-represssion, 3142 transcripts were differentially expressed (1334 up-regulated and 1808 down-regulated). Novel PAX2 targets included multiple genes encoding proteins with a predicted function in the epididymis epithelium. Gene expression in REP cells was measured at 16 hours after exposure to 1nM R1881 or vehicle control.
2015-01-07 | E-GEOD-60381 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The epithelium lining the epididymis in the male reproductive tract maintains a luminal environment that promotes sperm cell maturation. This process is dependent on the coordinated expression of many genes that encode proteins with a role in epithelial transport. We previously generated genome-wide maps of open chromatin in primary human fetal epididymis epithelial cells to identify potential regulatory elements controlling coordinated gene expression in the epididymis epithelium. Subsequent in silico analysis identified transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) that were over-represented in the HEE open chromatin, include the motif for paired box 2 (PAX2). PAX2 is a critical transcriptional regulator of urogenital tract development, which is well studied in the kidney but is unexplored in the epididymis. Due to the limited lifespan of primary HEE cells in culture we investigated the role of PAX2 in an immortalized HEE cell line (REP). First, REP cells were evaluated by DNase-seq and their open chromatin map overlapped that of primary HEE cells at ~ 65% of sites. Moreover, the PAX2-binding motif was again identified as an overrepresented TFBS within intergenic open chromatin, though on fewer chromosomes than in the primary HEE cells. To identify PAX2-target genes in REP cells, RNA-seq analysis was performed after siRNA-mediated depletion of PAX2 in comparison to a non-targeting siRNA. In response to PAX2-represssion, 3142 transcripts were differentially expressed (1334 up-regulated and 1808 down-regulated). Novel PAX2 targets included multiple genes encoding proteins with a predicted function in the epididymis epithelium. mRNA profile of control and PAX2 knockdown REP cells
2015-01-07 | E-GEOD-59781 | biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:Cryptosporidium hominis and parvum primarily infect intestinal epithelial cells, which, in turn, play a key role in activating and communicating with the host immune system. To determinate which genes are regulated during early infection of non-transformed human epithelial cells, human ileal mucosa was removed (from surgical specimens), placed on collagen membranes, and cultured as explants. Explant cultures were infected with C. parvum, C. hominis, or control culture medium. After 24 hrs, RNA was extracted and analyzed using Affmetrix GeneChip microarrays. Among the more prominent genes with regulated expression was Osteoprotegerin (OPG), which was increased in all of the explants at 24 hrs and further up-regulated 1.58 fold by C. parvum and 2.54 fold by C. hominis infection compared with uninfected explants. Using real time PCR, we confirmed a 3.14 and 3.79 fold increase in OPG mRNA after infection with C. parvum and C. hominis respectively. Experiment Overall Design: Ileal tissue, which would otherwise have been discarded, was obtained from 3 individuals undergoing bowel resections. The mucosa was removed mechanically and cutured as explants in medium CMRL-1066 and incubated 3 hrs prior to ex vivo infection. Specimens from each individual were divided into 4 parts. A base lane specimen was preserved in RNAse inhibitor directly. The other 3 specimens were infected with 106 oocysts of C. parvum, C hominis or excystation solution. After 24h, the tissues were place in RNAse inhibitor. Subsequently, RNA was extracted with RNAeasy Mini Kit Quiagen and submitted to Baylor College of Medicine microarray facility. The samples were analyzed for gene expression profiles using the Affymetrix Human Genome U133 2.0 array.
2008-04-05 | E-GEOD-7268 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The epithelium lining the epididymis in the male reproductive tract maintains a luminal environment that promotes sperm cell maturation. This process is dependent on the coordinated expression of many genes that encode proteins with a role in epithelial transport. We previously generated genome-wide maps of open chromatin in primary human fetal epididymis epithelial cells to identify potential regulatory elements controlling coordinated gene expression in the epididymis epithelium. Subsequent in silico analysis identified transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) that were over-represented in the HEE open chromatin, include the motif for paired box 2 (PAX2). PAX2 is a critical transcriptional regulator of urogenital tract development, which is well studied in the kidney but is unexplored in the epididymis. Due to the limited lifespan of primary HEE cells in culture we investigated the role of PAX2 in an immortalized HEE cell line (REP). First, REP cells were evaluated by DNase-seq and their open chromatin map overlapped that of primary HEE cells at ~ 65% of sites. Moreover, the PAX2-binding motif was again identified as an overrepresented TFBS within intergenic open chromatin, though on fewer chromosomes than in the primary HEE cells. To identify PAX2-target genes in REP cells, RNA-seq analysis was performed after siRNA-mediated depletion of PAX2 in comparison to a non-targeting siRNA. In response to PAX2-represssion, 3142 transcripts were differentially expressed (1334 up-regulated and 1808 down-regulated). Novel PAX2 targets included multiple genes encoding proteins with a predicted function in the epididymis epithelium. examination of open chromatin region in REP cells with 2 replicates
2015-01-07 | E-GEOD-59782 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Human pancreatic islets were isolated from pancreas of deceased donors by Ricordi's procedure and cultured in CMRL 1066 medium additioned with human albumin. EVs were isolated from conditioned medium derived from islet culture after isolation. Once isolated, RNA of islets and islet-derived EVs was extracted and analyzed for microRNA expression within 48 hours after isolation.
2012-07-30 | E-MEXP-3691 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In vitro expansion of adult human islet M-NM-2 cells is an attractive solution for the shortage of tissue for cell replacement therapy of type 1 diabetes. Using a lineage tracing approach, we have demonstrated that M-NM-2-cell-derived (BCD) cells rapidly dedifferentiate in culture and can proliferate for up to 16 population doublings. Dedifferentiation is associated with changes resembling epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The WNT pathway has been shown to induce EMT and plays key roles in regulating replication and differentiation in many cell types. Here we show that BCD cell dedifferentiation is associated with M-NM-2-catenin translocation into the nucleus and activation of the WNT pathway. Inhibition of M-NM-2-catenin expression in expanded BCD cells using short hairpin RNA resulted in growth arrest, mesenchymal-epithelial transition, and redifferentiation, as judged by activation of M-NM-2-cell gene expression. Furthermore, inhibition of M-NM-2-catenin expression synergized with redifferentiation induced by a combination of soluble factors, as judged by an increase in the number of C-peptide-positive cells. Simultaneous inhibition of the WNT and NOTCH pathways also resulted in a synergistic effect on redifferentiation. These findings, which were reproducible in cells derived from multiple human donors, suggest that inhibition of the WNT pathway may contribute to a therapeutically applicable way for generation of functional insulin-producing cells following ex-vivo expansion. Gene expression was studied for beta-cells (4 donors). Dedifferentiation was induced by inhibition of M-NM-2-catenin expression using shRNA. The experiment was performed in 4 batches (see the 'Date' characteristic in the Sample records).
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Project description:Insulin (INS) synthesis and secretion from pancreatic M-NM-2 cells are tightly regulated; their deregulation causes diabetes. Here we map INS-associated loci in human pancreatic islets by 4C and 3C techniques and show that the INS gene physically interacts with the SYT8 gene, located over 300 kb away. This interaction is elevated by glucose and accompanied by increases in SYT8 expression. Inactivation of the INS promoter by promoter-targeting siRNA reduces SYT8 gene expression. SYT8-INS interaction and SYT8 transcription are attenuated by CTCF depletion. Furthermore, SYT8 knockdown decreases insulin secretion in islets. These results reveal a non-redundant role for SYT8 in insulin secretion and indicate that the INS promoter acts from a distance to stimulate SYT8 transcription. This suggests a function for the INS promoter in coordinating insulin transcription and secretion through long-range regulation of SYT8 expression in human islets. Circular Chromosome Conformation Capture (4C)-Seq experiments to profile interactions of INS promoter in human pancreatic islets isolated from two donors: donor 1 and donor 2.
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Project description:This is an Affy experiment that was conducted on human derived pancreatic islet cells that were expanded in serum-containing medium to produce hIPC cells (human Islet-derived Precursor Cells). These cells, when subjected to 1 day of serum starvation, transition into hormone-expressing ICAs (Islet-like Cell Aggregates). In this experiment, proliferative hIPCs were trypsin-harvested and transferred in either serum-containing media (C) or serum-free media (F). After 24 hours, cells from both conditions were harvested and RNA was extracted. This experiment was meant to identify gene expression changes between hIPC early differentiation (condition F) and hIPC proliferation (condition C) with cells being in culture for the same amount of time. There were 3 replicates each for each of the two conditions, of which the 3rd was a pool of the first 2 replicates.
2014-09-22 | E-MTAB-2936 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Expansion of beta cells from the limited number of adult human islet donors is an attractive prospect for increasing cell availability for cell therapy of diabetes. However, while evidence supports the replicative capacity of adult beta cells in vivo, attempts at expanding human islet cells in tissue culture resulted in loss of beta-cell phenotype. Using a genetic lineage-tracing approach we have provided evidence for massive proliferation of beta-cell-derived (BCD) cells within these cultures. Expansion involves dedifferentiation resembling epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Epigenetic analyses indicate that key beta-cell genes maintain a partially open chromatin structure in expanded BCD cells, although they are not transcribed. Here we report that BCD cells can be induced to redifferentiate by a combination of soluble factors. The redifferentiated cells express beta-cell genes, store insulin in typical secretory vesicles, and release it in response to glucose. The redifferentiation process involves mesenchymal-epithelial transition, as judged from changes in gene expression. Moreover, inhibition of the EMT effector SLUG using shRNA results in stimulation of redifferentiation. BCD cells also give rise at a low rate to cells expressing other islet hormones, suggesting transition through an islet progenitor-like stage during redifferentiation. These findings suggest that ex-vivo expansion of adult human islet cells is a promising approach for generation of insulin-producing cells for transplantation, as well as basic research, toxicology studies, and drug screening. Gene expression was studied in unexpanded islets (4 donors), expanded and dedifferentiated islet cells (4 donors), and re-differentiated islet cells (3 donors). The experiment was performed in 3 batches (see Date in the description table below).
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