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Central Role of ULK1 in Type I Interferon Signaling

ABSTRACT: We provide evidence that the Unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1) is phosphorylated and activated during engagement of the Type I IFN receptor. Our studies demonstrate that the function of ULK1 controls expression of key interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) that mediate important biological functions, including anti-viral and antineoplastic responses. Total RNA was isolated from untreated and IFNβ-treated Ulk1/2+/+ and Ulk1/2-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). Cells were treated for 6 hours with or without mouse IFNβ (2500 IU/ml).

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Pawel Lisowski

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-60778 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Central Role of ULK1 in Type I Interferon Signaling

Project description:We provide evidence that the Unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1) is phosphorylated and activated during engagement of the Type I IFN receptor. Our studies demonstrate that the function of ULK1 controls expression of key interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) that mediate important biological functions, including anti-viral and antineoplastic responses.

2014-08-26 | GSE60778 | GEO

ATF3 is a central regulator of interferon-beta and interferon-stimulated genes during the innate immune response

Project description:This study shows that in the absence of Atf3, primary mouse macrophages display significantly greater basal and PRR-inducible IFNβ expression. This regulation appears to be directly on the level of Ifnb1 transcription mediated by ATF3 binding proximal to the Ifnb1 promoter under basal condition. The ATF3 expression was demonstrated to be type I IFN-inducible in both human and mouse immune cells. A subset of 36 genes downstream of IFNAR signalling were modulated in an ATF3-dependent manner.The regulation of IFN responses by ATF3 had significant relevance on in vitro viral infection. Together these findings demonstrate that ATF3 is an important regulatory handbrake that limits the magnitude of IFN responses on multiple levels; basal Ifnb1 expression; PRR-inducible IFNβ; and the expression of specific ISGs. 12 samples

2015-09-07 | E-GEOD-61055 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Cyclic-Di-Nucleotides Trigger ULK1 (ATG1) Phosphorylation of STING to Prevent Sustained Innate Immune Signaling

Project description:Activation of the STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) pathway by microbial or self-DNA, as well as cyclic di nucleotides (CDN), results in the induction of numerous genes that suppress pathogen replication and facilitate adaptive immunity. However, sustained gene transcription is rigidly prevented to avoid lethal STING-dependent pro-inflammatory disease by mechanisms that remain unknown. We demonstrate here that after autophagy-dependent STING delivery of TBK1 (TANK-binding kinase 1) to endosomal/lysosomal compartments and activation of transcription factors IRF3 (interferon regulatory factors 3) and NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa beta), that STING is subsequently phosphorylated by serine/threonine UNC-51-like kinase (ULK1/ATG1) and IRF3 function is suppressed. ULK1 activation occurred following disassociation from its repressor adenine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK), and was elicited by CDN’S generated by the cGAMP synthase, cGAS. Thus, while CDN’s may initially facilitate STING function, they subsequently trigger negative-feedback control of STING activity, thus preventing the persistent transcription of innate immune genes. Total RNA obtained from primary STING deficient mouse embryonic fibroblast reconstituted with mSTING (W), S365A variant (A), or S365D variant (D). These cells were transfected with dsDNA (ISD) for 3 hours.

2013-10-10 | E-GEOD-51199 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Fumarate hydratase orchestrates hepatic steatosis via ULK1 mediated lipophagy

Project description:Hepatic lipid homeostasis is coordinated by various metabolic pathways, such as lipogenesis, lipid uptake, storage, and oxidation. However, the underlying mechanism that orchestrates metabolic crosstalk remains unclarified. Herein, we demonstrated that fumarate hydratase (FH) functioned as an indispensable adaptor governing mitochondria metabolism and lipid droplets (LDs) degradation. Hepatic FH overexpression prevented hepatic steatosis in normal mice and ob/ob mice without interfering mitochondrial lipid oxidation and lipogenesis. Strikingly, we found that FH selectively activated lipophagy-mediated LDs lipidolysis. Mechanistically, FH interacted with ULK1 and stabilized ULK1 through preventing its ubiquitination and degradation, resulting in lipophagy activation and the elimination of hepatic lipid accumulation. Meanwhile, hepatic ULK1 deficiency abrogated the protective effects in FH-overexpressing mice. Also, we clarified that the interaction between FH and ULK1 occurred in cytoplasm, but not in mitochondria. Cytoplasmic FH was sensitive to lipids and downregulated without affecting mitochondrial FH in vivo. Moreover, the FH-ULK1 axis was identified closely associated with hepatic steatosis in human patients. Taken together, our research demonstrates a “two-side” insight of FH on hepatic lipid metabolism and provides a promising strategy for fatty liver treatment.

2024-02-26 | GSE256510 | GEO

Activation of a novel ULK1-MLK3-ERK5 pathway by the IFNg receptor is required for IFNg-inducible antiviral responses

Project description:Although well established that signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) activation is required for an interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral response, the potential roles of other IFNg-activated cellular pathways in the process are unknown. We provide evidence that Unc-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1) is activated during engagement of the Type II IFN receptor and is required for IFNg-mediated transcription of key interferon stimulated genes involved in anti-viral and innate immune responses.

2018-11-20 | GSE118766 | GEO

Expression data from Ulk1 silencing in mouse liver and AML12 cells

Project description:This experiments detail the differential gene expressionin hepatic cells in response to Ulk1 silencing both in vivo and in vitro We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression underlying the loss of ULK1 knockdownin hepatic cells

2020-03-27 | GSE147579 | GEO

Transcriptional regulation of genes in AML12 cells treated with Palmitic acid, LXR lingand (GW3965) and Ulk1 siRNA

Project description:Transcriptional regulation of genes in AML12 cells treated with Palmitic acid, LXR lingand (GW3965) and Ulk1 siRNA shows differential effect of Ulk1 KD on LXr responsive genes AML-12 cells co-treated with 0.75mM PA+/- 10ÂµM GW3965 for 24 h +/- Ulk1 SiRNA

2016-03-31 | E-GEOD-74059 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Cyclic-Di-Nucleotides Trigger ULK1 (ATG1) Phosphorylation of STING to Prevent Sustained Innate Immune Signaling

2013-10-10 | GSE51199 | GEO

Transcriptional regulation of genes in AML12 cells treated with Palmitic acid, LXR lingand (GW3965) and Ulk1 siRNA

Project description:Transcriptional regulation of genes in AML12 cells treated with Palmitic acid, LXR lingand (GW3965) and Ulk1 siRNA shows differential effect of Ulk1 KD on LXr responsive genes

2016-03-31 | GSE74059 | GEO

Inhibition of the autophagic protein ULK1 attenuates axonal degeneration in vitro and in vivo and modulates differential splicing

Project description:Several traumatic and neurodegenerative disorders of the CNS show axonal degeneration as a key and early pathological feature. Following a focal axonal lesion, an extended axonal disintegration by acute axonal degeneration (AAD) occurs within several hours. During AAD, activation of autophagic proteins including Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1) has been demonstrated, but its role is incompletely understood. Here, we overexpressed a dominant negative of ULK1 (ULK1.DN) in primary rat cortical neurons in vitro and in the spinal cord (SC) and optic nerve (ON) in vivo. We found a significant inhibitory effect on autophagy in vitro and in vivo. While no effect on cell survival could be observed, ULK1.DN attenuated AAD after axotomy in microfluidic chambers in vitro. Models of SC injury and ON crush in vivo confirmed an attenuation of axonal degeneration by ULK1.DN. In a translational approach, we employed the selective ULK1 inhibitor SBI-0206965 (SBI) and found an attenuation of AAD after ON crush in vivo mediated by a reduction of autophagy by SBI. Quantitative proteomic profiling after ULK1.DN overexpression in vitro revealed a regulation of proteins associated with translation and splicing. A differential exon expression analysis identified the genes kinesin family member 1B (Kif1b), DNA damage inducible transcript 3 (Ddit3) and WD repeat domain 6 (Wdr6) as targets of ULK1.DN and potential mediators of its degeneration-attenuating effect. These findings reveal ULK1 as an important mediator of axonal degeneration and elucidate its function in splicing, defining it as a putative therapeutic target.

2020-09-23 | GSE123687 | GEO

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