Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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Different exercise modalities have distinct effects on the transcriptome profile in the male rat femoral diaphysis

ABSTRACT: Mechanical loading is a key determinant of bone mass, geometry and strength and is essential to maintain optimal skeletal health. We hypothesized that spontaneous low-impact exercise would affect global gene transcript levels in cortical bone of growing rats. We used RNA-Seq to analyse the transcriptome of the femoral mid-diaphysis in pre-pubertal male rats that were assigned to one of three exercise groups for 15 days: control (CON); bipedal stance (BPS); and wheel exercise (WEX). RNA-seq analysis identified 808 and 324 differentially expressed transcripts in the BPS and WEX animals, respectively. In WEX animals, the up-regulated transcripts were enriched for gene ontology terms associated with bone metabolism. Both BPS and WEX animals showed changes in transcripts that were enriched for muscle-related processes. However, in WEX these transcripts were down-regulated while in BPS such transcripts were up-regulated. Importantly, we observed that the exercise mode had diametrically opposite effects on transcripts for multiple genes within the integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and Ca2+ signalling pathways such that they were up-regulated in BPS and down-regulated in WEX. The findings are important for our understanding of possible ways in which different exercise regimens might affect bone when normal activities apply mechanical stimuli during post-natal growth and development. 24 weanling (21 day old) male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to three exercise groups .After the 15 day trial period, total RNA was extracted from the femoral diaphysis and mRNA profiles were analysed using RNA-seq

ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus

SUBMITTER: Justin O'Sullivan

PROVIDER: E-GEOD-67787 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Different exercise modalities have distinct effects on the integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and Ca2+ signaling pathways in the male rat bone.

Sontam Dharani M DM Firth Elwyn C EC Tsai Peter P Vickers Mark H MH O'Sullivan Justin M JM

Physiological reports 20151001 10

Mechanical loading is essential to maintain optimal skeletal health. Despite the fact that early-life exercise has positive, long-lasting effects on the musculo-skeletal system, the response of the musculo-skeletal system to spontaneous low-impact exercise has been poorly studied. Previously, we identified subtle morphological changes in the femoral diaphysis of exercised animals compared to nonexercised controls. We hypothesized that significant changes in gene expression of cells should preced ...[more]

PMID: 26471755

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Project description:Purpose: Aerobic capacity is a strong predictor of cardiovascular mortality. To determine the relationship between inborn aerobic capacity and soleus gene expression we examined genome-wide gene expression in soleus muscle of rats artificially selected for high and low running capacity (HCR and LCR, respectively) over 16 generations. The artificial selection of LCR caused accumulation of risk factors of cardiovascular disease similar to the metabolic syndrome seen in man, whereas HCR had markedly better cardiac function. We also studied alterations in gene expression in response to exercise training in the two groups, since accumulating evidence indicates that exercise has profound beneficial effects on the metabolic syndrome. Methods:; Soleus gene expression of both sedentary and exercise trained HCR and LCR was characterized by microarray- and gene ontology analysis. Results: Although HCR and LCR had an inborn 347% difference in running capacity, only three genes were found differentially expressed in the soleus muscle between the two groups. Up-regulation of the mitochondrial enzyme leucyl-transferRNA synthetase (LARS2) was found in the sedentary LCR. Increased expression of LARS2 has been associated with a mitochondrial DNA mutation linked to maternally inherited diabetes and mitochondrial dysfunction. In line with our findings, a growing body of evidence suggests that LCR have compromised mitochondrial function. After exercise training, 58 genes were altered in the soleus muscle of HCR, in contrast to only one in the LCR group. This suggests that animals born with different levels of fitness respond different to the same type of exercise training. Adaptations to exercise in HCR seemed to be associated with increased lipid metabolism and fatty acid elongation in the mitochondria. Also, genes associated with the peroxisomes, seemed to be central in the adaptation to exercise. Conclusion: The results indicate that (i) LCR might have mitochondrial dysfunction, which may be a contributing factor of the low inborn aerobic capacity, (ii) animals born with different levels of fitness respond different to the same exercise program. Experiment Overall Design: There are 16 samples in this study.

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Dataset Information

Different exercise modalities have distinct effects on the transcriptome profile in the male rat femoral diaphysis

Publications

Different exercise modalities have distinct effects on the integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and Ca2+ signaling pathways in the male rat bone.

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