RNA-seq of bulk induced trophoblast stem cells reprogrammed from human embryonic stem cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): Illumina HiSeq 4000
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
SUBMITTER:
PROVIDER: E-MTAB-10748 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): E-MTAB-10749
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:The role of microRNAs (miRNA) in first cell fate choice of the preimplantation mouse embryo remains unresolved, as gene expression and knockout data are conflicting. This cell fate choice generates the extraembryonic lineage of the trophoblast and the embryonic lineage of the epiblast (inner cell mass). The trophoblast differentiates into polar and mural cells, where polar cells contribute to placental development and mural cells to the implantation process and Reichert’s membrane. The inner cell mass further differentiates into the epiblast and primitive endoderm. We used stem cell lines that can be derived from the trophoblast and epiblast lineages to address the role of miRNAs in early lineage cell fate specification and determination. Using embryonic stem cells (ESC) and trophoblast stem cells (TSC) as starting and ending states of cell development we identified a network of TSC expressed miRNAs that are enriched in ESC targets mRNA. We used constitutive and inducible expression of TSC enriched miRNAs in ESC and show that they can drive cell morphology and gene expression profiles similar to trophoblast. Additionally we show that this process required HDAC2 inhibition and is miRNA specific, as cardiac specific miR-1 could not induce trophoblast under these conditions. In contrast to embryo derived and Cdx2 induced trophoblast cells, miRNAs promote a mural TE like cell phenotype. Transplantation into preimplantation mouse embryos showed that miRNA-induced trophoblast preferentially contributes to the mural trophoblast in both the blastocyst and the Reichert’s membrane. Our data support a role for miRNAs and HDACs in the specification of the trophoblast and potentially the polar and mural cell types.
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Project description:5 days after fertilisation the human embryo forms a blastocyst, comprising an outer layer of trophectoderm (TE), that gives rise to placental trophoblast cells, and the inner cell mass (ICM) which later segregates into epiblast (EPI) and primitive endoderm (PE). After implantation TE differentiates into cytotrophoblast cells (CTBs) which give rise to the multinucleated syncytiotrophoblast (STB) and invasive extravillous trophoblast cells (EVTs). A conserved molecular cascade regulates TE initiation (Gerri et al. Nature 2020), but subsequent TE development is poorly defined. To study this in greater detail we performed RNA-seq analysis of human blastocysts cultured to different stages of pre-implantation TE development: Day 5: TE appearance, Day 6: TE expansion and Day 7: TE hatching.
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Project description:Identification of genes involved in trophoblast differentiation is of great interest in understanding cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in placental development and is relevant clinically to fetal development, fertility, and maternal health. To understand, on a global scale, changes in the transcriptome during the differentiation of hESCs down the trophoblast lineage, a large-scale microarray analysis was performed. This work provides an in vitro functional genomic model with which to identify genes involved in trophoblast development. We investigated differentiation of human embryonic stemcells (hESCs) down the trophoblast lineage by culture with bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) over a 10-day period and analyze the cell every 2-days.
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