Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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ATAC-seq of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) liver sampled at various stages through smoltification

ABSTRACT: The anadromous Atlantic salmon undergo preparatory physiological transformations before seawater entry, referred to as smoltification. Little is known about the photoperiod-influence and genome regulatory processes driving smoltification such as the large scale changes in lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis in the developing smolt liver. To shed light on this, we performed a smoltification trial using contrasting photoperiod regimes and generate ATAC-seq data from livers throughout smoltification and after seawater transfer to assess the differences in chromatin accessibility. In this experiment Atlantic salmon were reared for a total of 46 weeks from the parr stage, through smoltification, and seawater transfer. After 21 week from first feeding, the group was given artificial winter photoperiod (8 hours light, 16 hours dark) for 8 weeks to induce smoltification before returning to constant light. Liver tissue was sampled from individuals first at week 1, 21 weeks after first feeding, then again at week 10, after the winter period, at week 19, after the expected smoltification time, and lastly at week 25, after transfer to seawater.

INSTRUMENT(S): Illumina HiSeq X

ORGANISM(S): Salmo salar

SUBMITTER: Gareth Gillard

PROVIDER: E-MTAB-13743 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:The aim of this experiment was to explore transcriptomic changes in the gills of Altantic salmon (Salmo salar) following a model lab based parr smolt transformation from fresh water (FW) to salt water (SW). The process of smoltification (migration from FW to SW) is stimulated by long day photoperiod, which acts on the tissue-specific levels of active thyroid hormone (triiodothyronine, T3) through the expression of thyroid hormone type 2 deiodinase (dio2), responsible for conversion of inactive thyroxine (T4) to T3. To gain insight into the functional significance of dio2 induction, we performed a SW-challenge experiment in which we inhibited dio2 activity by addition of iopanoic acid (IOP) to the SW. We also assessed the ability of co-treatment with T3 to override IOP effects. Juvenile fish maintained in FW were subjected to a standard smolt photoperiod regime known to stimulate smoltification, after which they were randomly allocated to one of the four treatments: SW, SW+IOP, SW+IOP+T3 and FW as a control. Fish (n = 8-10 per treatment) were exposed to these conditions for 6 h and then sacrificed to obtain gill tissue for microarray analysis, carried out using a custom-designed Agilent oligonucleotide microarray platform Salar_2 (one glass slide with 4 x 44K arrays, Agilent design ID: 025520, array design A-MEXP-2065), developed and validated for Atlantic salmon (for details, see specific protocols) . In total, 36 hybridisations were performed on gills from individual fish, with 8-10 replicate fish per treatment. We identified 1939 genes whose expression was significantly increased or decreased by transfer from FW to SW. For a subset of 259 genes, this SW response was abolished if IOP was added to the SW, but maintained if T3 was also present during IOP treatment. This group of genes constitutes a candidate list, for which SW-inducibility appears to be dependent on locally mediated changes in gill T3 availability. The results of this experiment have been submitted for publication in Current Biology and are currently under review.

Dataset Information

ATAC-seq of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) liver sampled at various stages through smoltification

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