Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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HAVCR/KIM-1 activates the IL-6/STAT-3 Pathway in ccRCC and Determines Tumor Progression and Patient Outcome

ABSTRACT: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the third most prevalent urological cancer, claims more than 100,000 lives/year worldwide. The clear cell (ccRCC) is the most common and aggressive subtype of renal cancer. Commonly asymptomatic, more than 30% of ccRCCs are diagnosed when they are already metastatic resulting in a 95% mortality rate and one-third of organ-confined cancers treated by nephrectomy develop metastasis during the follow-up. Diagnosis and monitoring requires expensive and frequent imaging examinations; thereby, finding of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers to screen, diagnose and monitor renal cancers are clearly needed. Hepatitis A virus receptor/kidney injury molecule 1 (HAVCR1/KIM-1) gene has been claimed to be a susceptibility gene for ccRCC and HAVCR1/KIM-1 ectodomain shedding a predictive biomarker of tumor progression.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

SUBMITTER: Alex Sanchez-Pla

PROVIDER: E-MTAB-2071 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common kidney cancer in the adult population. Late diagnosis, resistance to therapeutics and recurrence of metastatic lesions account for the highest mortality rate among kidney cancer patients. Identifying novel biomarkers for early cancer detection and elucidating the mechanisms underlying ccRCC growth and progression will provide clues to treat this aggressive malignant tumor. Method: Expression studies of RING ligase praja2 and tyrosine kinase receptors (RTKs) in renal cell carcinoma was evaluated by immunoblot and immunohistochemistry. Gene transcription profiling in RCC cells was evaluated by RNA sequencing and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Imunofluorescence assays were used to evaluate the intracellular distribution and clearance of membrane receptors in cells devoid of praja2. Ubiquitin modifications and protein-protein interaction networks were monitored by IP, western blot, mass spectrometry and proteomic analysis. Experiments in vitro and in vivo were performed to define the role of praja2 in RTKs turnover, metabolism, renal cell carcinoma growth and metastatic diffusion. Results: We report here that the ubiquitin ligase praja2 controls endocytosis and the signal strength of different types of receptors (EGFR, VEGFR, TfR). Praja2 forms a complex with- and ubiquitinates the adaptor protein AP2m required for the activity of ATPase and acidification of endosomes and lysosomes necessary for receptor endocytosis and clearance. Downregulation of praja2 blocks the endocytosis of several membrane receptors, including EGFR, VEGFR and TfR and amplifies mitogenic and proliferative signaling as shown in the clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Restoring praja2 expression in RCC cells reduces EGFR levels, rewires cancer cell metabolism and inhibits growth and metastatic diffusion. In vivo, praja2 knockout mice show upregulation of tyrosine kinase receptors (RTKs) and pronounced histopathological renal alterations. Conclusion: Our findings identify praja2 as an important regulator of tyrosine kinase receptor(s) turnover and can be considered a bona fide oncosuppressor because it finely regulates signaling of several types of receptors and its loss supports kidney cancer growth and diffusion.

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HAVCR/KIM-1 activates the IL-6/STAT-3 Pathway in ccRCC and Determines Tumor Progression and Patient Outcome

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