Unknown,Transcriptomics,Genomics,Proteomics

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JHI Hv GC whirly

ABSTRACT: The WHIRLY1 protein, which binds to single stranded DNA in plastids and the nucleus, is involved in chloroplast to nucleus signaling but its precise functions remain to be characterized. Here we investigated WHIRLY1 functions in photosynthesis and nitrogen metabolism using transgenic barley lines (W1-1, W1-7 and W1-9) with less than 2% of the wild type WHIRLY1 protein. The WHIRLY1-deficient lines had significantly more leaf chlorophyll with lower chlorophyll a/b ratios and less protein than the wild type when grown with either 5mM KNO3 (nitrogen replete) or 0.1mM KNO3 (nitrogen deficient). Relatively few leaf transcripts were changed in abundance as a result of WHIRLY1 deficiency but a small suite of chloroplast mRNAs was decreased including transcripts encoding proteins of the the NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NDH) complex. Photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration were changed in W1-7 leaves compared to the wild type. The W1-7 leaves had significantly less glutamine, threonine, methionine, serine, succinate, fumarate, malate and citrate, as well as decreased transcripts encoding key enzymes of chloroplast amino acid biosynthesis, particularly the branched chain and shikimate pathways. These data demonstrate that Whirly 1 fulfils crucial roles in the regulation of photosynthesis and associated processes such as chloroplast amino acid synthesis

ORGANISM(S): Hordeum vulgare

SUBMITTER: Pete Hedley

PROVIDER: E-MTAB-2242 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:The leaf of Chinese cabbage is the major place of photosynthesis, the mutation of leaf may directly affect the rate of plant growth and development and the formation of leafy head, and ultimately influence the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage. We identified a developmentally retarded mutant (drm) exhibiting stable inheritance, which was derived from Chinese cabbage DH line âFTâ using a combination of isolated microspore culture and radiation treatment (60Co Î³-rays). The drm exhibited slow growth and development at the seedling and heading stages, leading to the production of a tiny, leafy head, as well as chlorophyll-deficient leaves, especially in seedlings. Genetic analysis indicated that the phenotype of drm was controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene. Compared with wild-type line âFTâ, the drmâs chlorophyll content was significantly reduced and its chloroplast structure was abnormal. Moreover, the photosynthetic efficiency and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were significantly decreased. The changes in leaf color, combined with these altered physiological characters may influence the growth and development of plant, ultimately resulting in the developmentally retarded phenotype of drm. To further understand the molecular regulatory mechanisms of phenotypic differences between âFTâ and drm, comparative transcriptome analysis were performed using RNA-Seq, a total of 338 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected between âFTâ and drm. According to GO and KEGG pathway analysis, a number of DEGs which involved in the chlorophyll degradation and photosynthesis were identified, such as chlorophyllase and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. In addition, the expression patterns of 12 DEGs, including three chlorophyll degradation- and photosynthesis-related genes and nine randomly selected genes, were confirmed by qRT-PCR. Numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms were also identified, providing a valuable resource for research and molecular marker-assistant breeding in Chinese cabbage. These results contribute to our understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying growth and development and lay the foundation for future genetic and functional genomics studies in Chinese cabbage. The RNA from the third true leaves (day 15 to day 24 after the appearance of the third true leaves) of a developmentally retarded mutant (drm) and its wild type âFTâ in Chinese cabbage were sequenced by RNA-Seq, in triplicate.

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JHI Hv GC whirly

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