Analysis of gene expression changes in endothelial cells upon siRNA of VEGF, Foxo1 or both VEGF+Foxo1
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
SUBMITTER: Courtney Domigan
PROVIDER: E-MTAB-2515 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:VEGF induces elongation of endothelial cells (ECs) that are derived from wild-type (Foxo1(+/+)) ES cells. VEGF-induced EC elongation is an important process of angiogenesis. ECs derived from Foxo1(-/-) ES cells fail to elongate in response to VEGF. Gene expression profiling of wild-type and Foxo1(-/-) ECs in the presence or absence of VEGF stimulation identifies responsible genes that regulate EC elongation.
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Project description:FOXO1 was involved in various biologucal processes. In endothelial cells, it has reported that FOXO1 was phosphorylated by PI3K-Akt signaling, and it was nuclear exclusion by short-term VEGF stimulation. This event turns off the expression of apoptosis-related genes, it protects the cell from apoptosis. On the other hand, long-term VEGF stimulation, FOXO1 re-entry into the nucleus and induces the expression of different genes. Therefore, to identify genes regulated by FOXO1 in long-term VEGF stimulation, we performed RNA-seq analysis of FOXO1-knockdowned human unbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by siRNA and 18h VEGF treatment.
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Project description:Histone modifications are now well-established regulators of transcriptional programs that distinguish distinct cell states. However, the kinetics of histone modification and their role in mediating rapid, signal-responsive changes in gene expression have been little studied on a genome-wide scale. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF), a major regulator of angiogenesis, rapidly triggers changes in transcriptional activity of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Here we used chromatin immunoprecipitation and high throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq) to measure genome-wide changes in histone H3 acetylation at lysine 27 (H3K27ac), a marker of active enhancers {Kharchenko et al., 2011, Nature, 471, 480-5;Zentner et al., 2011, Genome Res, 21, 1273-83;Rada-Iglesias et al., 2011, Nature, 470, 279-83; Creyghton et al., 2010, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 107, 21931-6 }, after 0, 1, 4, and 12 hours of VEGF stimulation. We show that sites with greatest H3K27ac changes were associated tightly with p300, a histone acetyltransferase. This dynamic H3K27ac signature defined transcriptional elements that are functionally linked to angiogenesis, participate in rapid VEGF-stimulated changes in chromatin conformation, and mediate VEGF-induced transcriptional responses. Dynamic H3K27ac deposition required p300 activity and did not involve altered nucleosome occupancy. Our results demonstrate that capture of dynamic changes in H3K27ac provides a new approach to define the activity of functional genomic elements and implicate epigenetic modifications in rapid signal-responsive transcriptional regulation. ChiP-seq timecourse of H3K27ac, ETS1, p300 chromatin occupancy, mRNA expression and DNA hypersensitivity of HUVEC cells stimulated with VEGF for 0, 1, 4, and 12 hours
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Project description:Tight regulation of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated inflammatory responses is important in innate immunity. Here, we show that T cell death-associated gene 51 (TDAG51/PHLDA1) is a novel coactivator of the transcription factor FoxO1, regulating inflammatory mediator production in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response. TDAG51 induction by LPS stimulation was mediated by the TLR2/4 signaling pathway in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). LPS-induced inflammatory mediator production was significantly decreased in TDAG51-deficient BMMs. In TDAG51-deficient mice, LPS- or pathogenic Escherichia coli infection-induced lethal shock was reduced by decreasing serum proinflammatory cytokine levels. The recruitment of 14-3-3 to FoxO1 was competitively inhibited by the TDAG51-FoxO1 interaction, leading to blockade of FoxO1 cytoplasmic translocation and thereby strengthening FoxO1 nuclear accumulation. TDAG51/FoxO1 double-deficient BMMs showed significantly reduced inflammatory mediator production compared with TDAG51- or FoxO1-deficient BMMs. TDAG51/FoxO1 double deficiency protected mice against LPS- or pathogenic E. coli infection-induced lethal shock by weakening the systemic inflammatory response. Thus, these results indicate that TDAG51 acts as a coactivator of the transcription factor FoxO1, leading to strengthened FoxO1 activity in the LPS-induced inflammatory response.
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Project description:A major contributor to cancer mortality is recurrence and subsequent metastatic transformation following therapeutic intervention. In order to develop new treatment modalities or improve the efficacy of current ones it is important to understand the molecular mechanisms that promote therapy-resistance to cancer cells. One pathway that has been demonstrated to therapy resistance is autophagy, a self-digestive process that can eliminate unnecessary or damaged organelles to protect cancer cells from necrosis. Effective targeting of this pathway could lead to the development of new therapies. In our studies, we found that the VEGF-C/NRP-2 axis is involved in the activation of autophagy, which is essential for the survival of cancer cells following chemotherapy treatment. Furthermore, we identified two VEGF-C/NRP-2-regulated genes, LAMP-2 and WDFY-1 that have previously been suggested to participate in autophagy and vesicular trafficking. The upregulation of WDFY-1 upon depleted level of VEGF-C contributed to cytotoxic drug-mediated cell death. Altogether, these data suggest a link between VEGF-C/neuropilin-2 axis and cancer cell survival despite the presence of chemotherapy-induced stress. Human prostate cancer cell lines PC3, Du145 and pancreatic cancer cell line CaPan1 were cultured at 37οC either in RPMI 1640 with L-glutamine or in DMEM media with 10% fetal bovine serum and supplemented with penicillin/streptomycin. PC3 stable transfected cell line was growing in presence of 1µg/ml puromycin selection pressure. Cells were transfected with SmartPool cocktail siRNA for NRP-2, VEGF-C, LAMP-2, and WDFY-1, using DharmaFECT 1-4. siRNA transfection was allowed to proceed 72 h before collection of whole-cell extract or total RNA.To identify potential pathways involved in this VEGF-C-mediated cell survival, we performed a microarray study comparing cells depleted in either VEGF-C or NRP-2 using SmartPool siRNA to PC-3 cells treated with scrambled siRNA. Upon comparison of the two data sets, we found 34 gene-tags that were commonly up- or down-regulated in both NRP-2- and VEGF-C-depleted cells.
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