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A single Thr505 phospho-site mutation reveals an important role for the RelA NF-κB subunit in liver regeneration and cancer

ABSTRACT: Post-translational modification of NF-κB subunits provides a mechanism to differentially regulate their activity in response to the many stimuli that can induce this pathway. However, the physiological significance of these modifications is largely unknown and it remains unclear if these have a critical role in the normal and pathological functions of NF-κB in vivo. Among these, phosphorylation of the RelA(p65) Thr505 residue has been described as an important regulator of NF-κB activity in cell lines but its physiological significance was not known. Therefore, to learn more about the role of this pathway in vivo, we generated a knockin mouse with a RelA T505A mutation. Unlike RelA knockout mice, the RelA T505A mice develop normally but exhibit aberrant hepatocyte proliferation following liver partial hepatectomy or damage resulting from carbon tetrachloride treatment. Consistent with these effects, RelA T505A mice exhibit earlier onset of cancer in the N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) model of hepatocellular carcinoma. This data reveals a critical pathway controlling NF-κB function in the liver that acts to suppress tumour-promoting activities of RelA.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

SUBMITTER: Simon Cockell

PROVIDER: E-MTAB-3596 | biostudies-arrayexpress |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress

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Global interactome mapping reveals pro-cancerous interactions of NF-κB in breast cancer

Project description:NF-κB has an essential role in innate immune response and inflammation and is involved in cancer development and progression. We apply the SEC-PCP-SILAC method incorporating metabolic labeling, size exclusion chromatography and protein correlation profiling to construct a complex network of interactome rearrangement in response to NF-κB modulation in breast cancer cells. Our interaction network represents a complex insight into the dynamics of MCF-7 protein interactome associated with NF-κB pathway. Our dataset could serve as a basis for future studies characterizing role of NF-κB in breast cancer cellular pathways. This PRIDE project includes results from SILAC labeled and label-free replicates from the SEC-PCP-SILAC analysis of protein complexes in MCF-7 cells with inhibited and uninhibited NF-κB pathway, results from the immunoprecipitation experiment aimed at interaction partners of NF-κB factor RELA, analysis of total proteome after NF-κB inhibition, and results from SEC fractionation of untreated and unlabeled MCF-7 cells.

2024-02-28 | PXD040125 | Pride

RelA and RelB-dependent transcriptome analysis in lymphotoxin-ß receptor stimulated mouse embryonic fibroblasts

Project description:Background: Lymphotoxin signaling via the lymphotoxin-β receptor (LTβR) has been implicated in several biological processes, ranging from development of secondary lymphoid organs, maintenance of splenic tissue, host defense against pathogens, autoimmunity, and lipid homeostasis. The major transcription factor that is activated by LTβR crosslinking is NF-κB. Two signaling pathways have been described that result in the activation of classical p50-RelA and alternative p52-RelB NF-κB heterodimers. Results: Using microarray analysis, we investigated the transcriptional response downstream of the LTβR in mouse embryoni fibroblasts (MEF) and its regulation by the RelA and RelB subunits of NF-κB. We describe novel LTβR-responsive genes that are regulated by RelA and/or RelB. Interestingly, we found that the majority of LTβR-regulated genes require the presence of both RelA and RelB, suggesting significant crosstalk between the two NF-κB activation pathways. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis confirmed that LTβR-NF-κB target genes are predominantly involved in the regulation of immune responses. However, other biological processes, such as apoptosis/cell death, cell cycle, angiogenesis, and taxis were also regulated by LTβR signaling. Moreover, we show that activation of the LTβR inhibits the expression of a key adipogenic transcription factor, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (pparg), suggesting that LTβR signaling may interfere with adipogenic differentiation. Conclusions: Thus, microarray analysis of LTβR-stimulated fibroblasts revealed further insight into the transcriptional response of LTβR signaling and its regulation by the NF-κB family members RelA and RelB. Keywords: cell type comparison (wt vs relA-/- vs relB-/-) after genetic modification using a time course for each cell type (wt, relA-/-, relB-/-) two time points were analysed (0h as control and 10h) using 3 technical replicates resulting in 18 samples in total

2008-12-17 | E-GEOD-11963 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcriptional outcomes and kinetic patterning of gene expression in response to NF-κB activation [RNA-seq]

Project description:Transcription factor NF-κB regulates cellular responses to environmental cues. For many stimuli NF-κB resides only transiently in the nucleus. Consequently, time-dependent transcriptional outputs are a fundamental feature of NF-κB activation. Here we identify mechanisms that direct kinetic patterns of NF-κB-dependent gene expression and transcriptional outcomes in response to a transient NF-κB-inducing stimulus in B cells. By combining RELA binding, RNA polymerase II (Pol II) recruitment, and perturbation of NF-κB activation, we demonstrate that kinetic differences amongst early- and late-activated RELA target genes can be understood based on chromatin configuration prior to cell activation and RELA-dependent priming, respectively. Additionally, we identified genes that were repressed by RELA activation and others that responded to RELA-activated transcription factors. Cumulatively, our studies define an NF-κB-responsive inducible gene cascade in activated B cells.

2018-09-17 | GSE117254 | GEO

Transcriptional outcomes and kinetic patterning of gene expression in response to NF-κB activation [ChIP-seq]

2018-09-17 | GSE117250 | GEO

Transcriptional outcomes and kinetic patterning of gene expression in response to NF-κB activation [ChIA-PET]

2018-09-17 | GSE117241 | GEO

Multi-species RELA ChIP-seq of mammalian aortic endothelial cells before and after TNFα stimulation

Project description:TNFα has an evolutionary conserved role in mediating inflammation via activation of the transcription factor NF-κB. The functions of individual NF-κB binding sites are not well understood. To identify conserved and functionally important NF-κB binding sites in mammals, we performed ChIP-seq to map the genome-wide binding of RELA and select histone modifications in primary vascular endothelial cells (ECs) isolated from the aortas of human (HAEC), mouse (MAEC) and cow (BAEC), before and after TNFα. The conserved RELA binding sites show strong epigenetic changes in response to TNFα and enrich near genes controlling vascular development and pro-inflammatory responses. Our method identifies novel modes of RELA-chromatin interactions that are conserved in mammals and shared between multiple cell-types. Particularly, genomic regions bound by RELA prior to stimulation are important responders during TNFα stimulation. We use CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing to validate the roles of the conserved RELA pre-bound sites near pro-inflammatory genes such as CCL2 and PLK2. Our evolutionary approach describes new aspects of mammalian NF-κB biology including its role within super-enhancers and relevance in inflammatory disorders.

2020-10-03 | E-MTAB-7889 | biostudies-arrayexpress

A pseudogene lncRNA at the interface of inflammation and anti-inflammatory therapeutics

Project description:Pseudogenes are thought to be inactive gene sequences, but recent evidence of extensive pseudogene transcription raised the question of potential function. Here we discover and characterize the sets of lncRNAs induced by inflammatory signaling via TNFα. TNFα regulates hundreds of lncRNAs, including 54 pseudogene lncRNAs, several of which show exquisitely selective expression in response to specific cytokines and microbial components in a NF-κB-dependent manner. Lethe, a pseudogene lncRNA, is selectively induced by proinflammatory cytokines via NF-κB or glucocorticoid receptor agonist, and functions in negative feedback signaling to NF-κB. Lethe interacts with NF-κB subunit RelA to inhibit RelA DNA binding and target gene activation. Lethe level decreases with organismal age, a physiological state associated with increased NF-κB activity. These findings suggest that expression of pseudogenes lncRNAs are actively regulated and constitute functional regulators of inflammatory signaling. RNA profiles of wild type (WT) MEFs treated with TNF-alpha were generated by deep sequencing using Illumina GAIIx. Examination of H3K4me3 histome modification in MEF.

2013-08-05 | E-GEOD-47494 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Pro-inflammatory cytokine and high doses of ionizing radiation have similar effects on the expression of NF-kappaB-dependent genes [RNA-seq]

Project description:The NF-κB transcription factors are activated via diverse molecular mechanisms in response to various types of stimuli. A plethora of functions associated with specific sets of target genes could be regulated differentially by this factor, affecting cellular response to stress including an anticancer treatment. Here we aimed to compare subsets of NF-κB-dependent genes induced in cells stimulated with a pro-inflammatory cytokine and in cells damaged by a high dose of ionizing radiation (4 and 10 Gy). The RelA-containing NF-κB species were activated by the canonical TNFα-induced and the atypical radiation-induced pathways in human osteosarcoma cells. NF-κB-dependent genes were identified using the gene expression profiling (by RNA-Seq) in cells with downregulated RELA combined with the global profiling of RelA binding sites (by ChIP-Seq), with subsequent validation of selected candidates by quantitative PCR. There were 37 NF-κB-dependent protein-coding genes identified: in all cases RelA bound in their regulatory regions upon activation while downregulation of RELA suppressed their stimulus-induced upregulation, which apparently indicated the positive regulation mode. This set of genes included a few “novel” NF-κB-dependent species. Moreover, the evidence for possible negative regulation of ATF3 gene by NF-κB was collected. The kinetics of the NF-κB activation was slower in cells exposed to radiation than in cytokine-stimulated ones. However, subsets of NF-κB-dependent genes upregulated by both types of stimuli were essentially the same. Hence, one should expect that similar cellular processes resulting from activation of the NF-κB pathway could be induced in cells responding to pro-inflammatory cytokines and in cells where so-called “damage-induced inflammation” response was initiated by ionizing radiation

2018-02-08 | GSE110386 | GEO

Pro-inflammatory cytokine and high doses of ionizing radiation have similar effects on the expression of NF-kappaB-dependent genes [ChIP-seq]

2018-02-01 | GSE109996 | GEO

An autoregulatory RelB:p50 NF-κB pathway perpetuates pro-survival TNF response in multiple myeloma

Project description:Pro-inflammatory cytokines were shown to promote growth and survival of cancerous cells. TNF induced RelA:p50 NF-κB dimer via the canonical pathway is thought to link inflammation with cancer. Integrating biochemical and computational studies we identify that deficiency of non-canonical signal transducer p100 triggers a positive autoregulatory loop, which instead perpetuates an alternate RelB:p50 containing NF-κB activity upon TNF treatment. TNF stimulated RelB:p50 dimer is sufficient for mediating NF-κB target gene-expressions and suppressing apoptotic cellular death independent of principal NF-κB subunit RelA. We further demonstrate that activating mutations in non-canonical NF-κB module deplete multiple myeloma cells of p100, thereby, provoking autoregulatory RelB:p50 activation. Finally, autoregulatory control reinforces protracted pro-survival NF-κB response, albeit comprising of RelB:p50, upon TNF priming that protects myeloma cells with dysfunctional p100 from subsequent apoptotic insults. In sum, we present evidence for positive autoregulation mediated through the NF-κB system and its potential involvement in human neoplasm.

2017-06-12 | GSE68615 | GEO

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