Barley transcriptome analyses upon interaction with different aphid species identifies thionins contributing to resistance
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ABSTRACT:
INSTRUMENT(S): Agilent G2505B
ORGANISM(S): Hordeum vulgare
SUBMITTER: Pete Hedley
PROVIDER: E-MTAB-5133 | biostudies-arrayexpress |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-arrayexpress
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Project description:Background: Aphids are economically important pests and that display exceptional variation in host range. The underlying mechanism of diverse aphid host ranges are not well understood, but it is likely that molecular interactions are involved. With significant progress being made towards understanding host responses upon aphid attack, the mechanisms underlying nonhost resistance remain to be elucidated. Here, we investigated and compared Arabidopsis host and nonhost responses to aphids at the transcriptome level using three different aphid species. Results: Gene expression analyses revealed a surprising level of overlap in the overall gene expression changes during host and nonhost interactions with regards to the sets of genes differentially expressed and the direction of expression changes. Despite the overlap in transcriptional responses across interactions, there was a stronger repression of genes involved in metabolism and oxidative responses specifically during the host interaction. In addition we indentified a set of genes with opposite gene expression patterns during host versus nonhost interactions. Aphid performance assays on Arabidopsis mutants selected based on our transcriptome analyses identified genes involved in host and nonhost interactions. Conclusions: Understanding how plants respond to aphid species that differ in their ability to infest plant species, and identifying the genes and signaling pathways involved, is essential for the development of novel and durable aphid control in crop plants. Our work is an important step forward to provide such essential insights in that we identified novel genes contributing to host susceptibility, host defences as well nonhost resistance to aphids.
2015-05-01 | E-MTAB-3223 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) fulfill key signaling functions in plant responses to herbivores. However, the mechanisms that facilitate systemic signaling in response to phloem-feeding insects remain poorly defined. Rapid local and systemic transcriptome reprogramming patterns observed in Arabidopsis thaliana following infestation by the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae Sulzer) identify abscisic acid (ABA) and redox-signalling as key factors in the transmission of signals from local to systemic leaves. Moreover, aphid fecundity was increased in mutants that were defective in ABA-signaling through ABA-INSENSITIVE 4 and show constitutive up-regulation of SA- and JA-mediated defense pathways. Conversely, aphid fecundity was decreased and aphid vigor was impaired on vitamin C2 mutants that are defective in the major low molecular weight antioxidant of plant cells, ascorbic acid and show constitutive up-regulation of redox defense and SA-mediated pathways but reduced up-regulation of JA-mediated pathways. Crossing vtc2 with abi4 restored the wild type sensitivity to aphids. Hence aphid fecundity was attenuated by low ascorbate in a manner that was dependent on the functions of the ABI4 transcription factor. ABI4 is not only an important regulator of systemic defenses against aphids but it makes a significant contribution to the SA-mediated repression of JA signaling.
2013-03-11 | E-MTAB-1140 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) fulfill key signaling functions in plant responses to herbivores. However, the mechanisms that facilitate systemic signaling in response to phloem-feeding insects remain poorly defined. Rapid local and systemic transcriptome reprogramming patterns observed in Arabidopsis thaliana following infestation by the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae Sulzer) identify abscisic acid (ABA) and redox-signalling as key factors in the transmission of signals from local to systemic leaves. Moreover, aphid fecundity was increased in mutants that were defective in ABA-signaling through ABA-INSENSITIVE 4 and show constitutive up-regulation of SA- and JA-mediated defense pathways. Conversely, aphid fecundity was decreased and aphid vigor was impaired on vitamin C2 mutants that are defective in the major low molecular weight antioxidant of plant cells, ascorbic acid and show constitutive up-regulation of redox defense and SA-mediated pathways but reduced up-regulation of JA-mediated pathways. Crossing vtc2 with abi4 restored the wild type sensitivity to aphids. Hence aphid fecundity was attenuated by low ascorbate in a manner that was dependent on the functions of the ABI4 transcription factor. ABI4 is not only an important regulator of systemic defenses against aphids but it makes a significant contribution to the SA-mediated repression of JA signaling.
2013-03-11 | E-MTAB-1142 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The green peach aphid/peach-potato aphid Myzus persicae can colonize hundreds of plant species, an ability that is in part due to the delivery of saliva proteins – often referred to as effectors – into the host plant that suppress plant defence. As a generalist herbivore with a remarkable ability to colonize new host plants M. persicae represents an outstanding model system for studying the molecular mechanisms underlying plant-insect interactions. Recent advancements in mass spectrometry instrumentation and database search software along with a new high-quality reference genome assembly for M. persicae and a simplified method for improved aphid saliva recovery, collectively enhance the detection of saliva proteins with unprecedented sensitivity and specificity.
2024-08-28 | PXD055051 | Pride
Project description:The aim of this experiment was to compare the transciptome of the peach-potato aphid (Myzus persicae) clone 4106a (a laboratory insecticide-susceptible standard collected from potato in Scotland in 2000) with clone 5191A (an insecticide resistant aphid clone collected from tobacco in Greece in 2007) to identify which genes are over or underexpressed in the resistant phenotype. Two-condition experiment, 4106a vs. 5191a Myzus persicae clones. Biological replicates: 4 pools of RNA extracted from ten 15 day old aphids of each clone. Technical Replicates: Two technical reps incorporating a dye swap. Total replication: eight replicates for each clone.
2010-10-07 | E-GEOD-20542 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) feeding on Arabidopsis thaliana induces a defense response, quantified as reduced aphid progeny production, in infested leaves but not in other parts of the plant. Similarly, infiltration of aphid saliva into Arabidopsis leaves causes only a local increase in aphid resistance. Further characterization of the defense-eliciting salivary components indicates that Arabidopsis recognizes a proteinaceous elicitor with a size between 3 to 10 kD. Genetic analysis using well-characterized Arabidopsis mutant shows that saliva-induced resistance against M. persicae is independent of the known defense signaling pathways involving salicylic acid, jasmonate, and ethylene. Among 78 Arabidopsis genes that were induced by aphid saliva infiltration, 52 had been identified previously as aphid-induced, but few are responsive to the well-known plant defense signaling molecules salicylic acid and jasmonate. Quantitative PCR analysis confirms expression of saliva-induced genes. In particular, expression of a set of O-methyltransferases, which may be involved in the synthesis of aphid-repellent glucosinolates, was significantly up-regulated by both M. persicae feeding and treatment with aphid saliva. However, this did not correlate with increased production of 4-methoxyindol-3-ylmethylglucosinolate, suggesting that aphid salivary components trigger an Arabidopsis defense response that is independent of this aphid-deterrent glucosinolate. Experiment Overall Design: 3 biological replicates (control and treatment). Total number of samples: 6.
2009-06-23 | E-GEOD-16497 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Aphids, sap-sucking insects in the order Hemiptera, are among the most prolific insect vectors of plant viruses Plant viruses from the family Luteoviridae are transmitted exclusively by aphids in a circulative manner and cause significant crop yield losses. Circulative plant viruses must cross the aphid gut and other tissues prior to transmission to a new host plant. The discovery of proteins that control acquisition and transmission in the insect vector is the biggest challenge for the vector biology field and will have practical applications for growers by providing new molecular targets for the development of precision vector management tools. The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, is a vector of the Potato leafroll virus (PLRV), a polerovirus in the Luteoviridae. PLRV transmission efficiency was significantly reduced when a clonal lineage of M. persicae was reared on turnip (T-Myzus) as compared to the weed physalis (P-Myzus). The effect on PLRV transmission efficiency was transient and caused by a host-switch response. Using 2-D DIGE, we revealed that the major difference in the proteome profile of P- and T-Myzus was the lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin B, with multiple size and charge isoforms of this enzyme up-regulated in T-Myzus. Quantitative, shotgun proteomics revealed a specific upregulation in the expression of other lysosomal proteins in T-Myzus as compared to P-Myzus, including cathepsin B, cathepsin B-16, beta-glucuronidase, peroxidasin, legumain-like, and aminopeptidase-N. The titer of PLRV was over 1.5 fold higher in P-Myzus than in T-Myzus at 24h and 72h after the beginning of virus acquisition, suggesting that virus acquisition in P-Myzus was more efficient. Cathepsin B and PLRV localization were starkly different in P- and T-Myzus midguts, the site of PLRV acquisition into the insect. In P-Myzus midguts, an abundance of PLRV was observed inside midgut cells, and cathepsin B was sequestered in a subcellular compartment. In contrast, there is near complete co-localization of cathepsin B and PLRV at the cell membranes in viruliferous T-Myzus. Inhibition of cathepsin and other cysteine proteases with E64 restored the ability of T-Myzus to transmit PLRV in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that the activities of lysosomal cysteine proteases at the cell membrane in T-Myzus is responsible for the change in virus transmission phenotype in these aphids. T-Myzus individuals weighed more and had more progeny than P-Myzus individuals. These data are all consistent with the hypothesis that there is an induction of lysosomal exocytos in the midgut of T-Myzus linked to the ability of the aphid to acquire PLRV. These data also show that the ability of the generalist aphid M. persicae to transmit PLRV is influenced by the host plant the aphids are reared on, information that is useful to growers for polerovirus management in field crops.
2016-12-14 | PXD004893 | Pride
Project description:In most aphid species, facultative parthenogenetic reproduction allows rapid growth and formation of large single-genotype colonies. Upon predator attack, individual aphids emit an alarm pheromone to warn the colony of this danger. (E)-beta-farnesene (EBF) is the predominant constituent of the alarm pheromone in Myzus persicae (green peach aphid) and many other aphid species. Continuous exposure to alarm pheromone in aphid colonies raised on transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants that produce EBF leads to habituation of the aphid population. Whereas naïve aphids are repelled by EBF, habituated aphids show no avoidance response. Individual aphids from the habituated colony can revert back to being EBF-sensitive in three generations, indicating that this behavioral change is not caused by a genetic mutation. Instead, DNA microarray experiments comparing gene expression in naïve and habituated aphids treated with EBF demonstrate an almost complete desensitization in the transcriptional response to EBF. Furthermore, EBF-responsive aphids, but not habituated aphids show significantly lower reproduction in the presence of EBF. Although both naïve and habituated aphids emit EBF upon damage, EBF-responsive aphids display a higher survival rate in the presence of coccinellid predators and thus outperform habituated aphids that do not show an avoidance response. These results provide direct evidence that aphid perception of conspecific alarm pheromone aids in predator avoidance and thereby bestows fitness benefits in survivorship and fecundity. Although habituated M. persicae have equal fecundity on control and EBF-producing plants, such transgenics may have practical applications in agriculture because of increased predation of habituated aphids. Log fold-changes (LogFC) were computed and contigs with P-values ≤ 0.05 were considered to be differentially expressed (see Supplementary file at foot of this record). Agilent 8x15K array previously reported by Ramsey et al., 2007 - BMC Genomics 8: 243. Two-condition experiment using Alexa Fluor 555 and 647 dyes. Biological replicates: 4 control replicates, 4 treated replicates.
2010-02-28 | E-GEOD-20445 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The control of insect borne disease is recognized as one of the major agricultural, animal and human health challenges of today. Viruses in the family Luteoviridae are phloem-limited, plant viruses that are vectored by aphids in a circulative manner. They are responsible for a wide-range of economically important disease in almost all staple food crops. In order to be transmitted, these viruses require species-specific passage of the pathogen across several membrane barriers within the insect. After the pathogen is ingested from the sap of an infected plant, the virus moves across and through the aphid gut into the hemoceol (insect blood) where it circulates until it reaches and enters the main or accessory salivary glands. From here, the pathogen is injected into a new plant host when the aphid feeds. The identification of insect proteins that interact with circulative plant viruses is technically challenging and a major goal for the plant vector biology field. Such information is critical to develop novel control strategies that block virus transmission by insects. In this study, we used affinity purification-high-resolution mass spectrometry (AP-MS) to rapidly capture and identify aphid proteins in complex with Potato leafroll virus (PLRV), a luteovirid transmitted by the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae), directly from viruliferous aphid tissue.
2021-05-27 | PXD022167 | Pride
Project description:The aim of this experiment was to compare the transciptome of the peach-potato aphid (Myzus persicae) clone 4106a (a laboratory insecticide-susceptible standard collected from potato in Scotland in 2000) with clone FRC (an insecticide resistant aphid clone collected from peach in France in 2009) to identify which genes are over or underexpressed in the resistant phenotype. The custom microarray used in this study was designed using the Agilent eArray platform (Agilent Technologies) by the Georg Jander Lab and is based on a previously described array containing probes for >10, 000 M. persicae unigenes produced by Sanger sequencing (Ramsey, Wilson et al. 2007) augmented with an additional 30, 517 probe set designed on EST unigene sequences identified in a 454 sequencing project (Ramsey, Rider et al. 2010). The final slide layout consists of four arrays of 45, 220 60-mer probes and these are produced by Agilent by in situ oligonucleotide synthesis. References: Ramsey, J. S., D. S. Rider, et al. (2010). "Comparative analysis of detoxification enzymes in Acyrthosiphon pisum and Myzus persicae." Insect Molecular Biology 19: 155-164. Ramsey, J. S., A. C. C. Wilson, et al. (2007). "Genomic resources for Myzus persicae: EST sequencing, SNP identification, and microarray design." BMC Genomics 8. Two-condition experiment, 4106a vs. FRC Myzus persicae clones. Biological replicates: 4 pools of RNA extracted from ten 15 day old aphids of each clone. Technical Replicates: Two technical reps incorporating a dye swap. Total replication: eight replicates for each clone.
2013-07-29 | E-GEOD-24629 | biostudies-arrayexpress