Dataset Information

Dietary patterns, lung function and asthma in childhood: a longitudinal study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Longitudinal epidemiological data are scarce examining the relationship between dietary patterns and respiratory outcomes in childhood. We investigated whether three distinct dietary patterns in mid-childhood were associated with lung function and incident asthma in adolescence.

Methods

In the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, 'processed', 'traditional', and 'health-conscious' dietary patterns were identified using principal components analysis from food frequency questionnaires at 7 years of age. Post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁), forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory flow at 25-75% of FVC (FEF_25-75) were measured at 15.5 years and were transformed to z-scores based on the Global Lung Function Initiative curves. Incident asthma was defined by new cases of doctor-diagnosed asthma at age 11 or 14 years.

Results

In multivariable-adjusted models, the 'health-conscious' pattern was positively associated with FEV₁ (regression coefficient comparing top versus bottom quartile of pattern score 0.16, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.31, P for trend 0.04) and FVC (0.18, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.33, P for trend 0.02), while the 'processed' pattern was negatively associated with FVC (- 0.17, 95% CI - 0.33 to - 0.01, P for trend 0.03). Associations between the 'health-conscious' and 'processed' patterns and lung function were modified by SCGB1A1 and GPX4 gene polymorphisms. We found no evidence of an association between the 'traditional' pattern and lung function, nor between any pattern and FEF_25-75 or incident asthma.

Conclusions

A 'health-conscious' diet in mid-childhood was associated with higher subsequent lung function, while a diet high in processed food was associated with lower lung function.

SUBMITTER: Talaei M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10022039 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Dietary patterns, lung function and asthma in childhood: a longitudinal study.

Talaei Mohammad M Emmett Pauline M PM Granell Raquel R Tabatabaeian Hossein H Northstone Kate K Bergström Anna A Shaheen Seif O SO

Respiratory research 20230316 1

<h4>Background</h4>Longitudinal epidemiological data are scarce examining the relationship between dietary patterns and respiratory outcomes in childhood. We investigated whether three distinct dietary patterns in mid-childhood were associated with lung function and incident asthma in adolescence.<h4>Methods</h4>In the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, 'processed', 'traditional', and 'health-conscious' dietary patterns were identified using principal components analysis from food ...[more]

PMID: 36927379

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Project description:BackgroundTracking longitudinal measurements of growth and decline in lung function in patients with persistent childhood asthma may reveal links between asthma and subsequent chronic airflow obstruction.MethodsWe classified children with asthma according to four characteristic patterns of lung-function growth and decline on the basis of graphs showing forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), representing spirometric measurements performed from childhood into adulthood. Risk factors associated with abnormal patterns were also examined. To define normal values, we used FEV1 values from participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey who did not have asthma.ResultsOf the 684 study participants, 170 (25%) had a normal pattern of lung-function growth without early decline, and 514 (75%) had abnormal patterns: 176 (26%) had reduced growth and an early decline, 160 (23%) had reduced growth only, and 178 (26%) had normal growth and an early decline. Lower baseline values for FEV1, smaller bronchodilator response, airway hyperresponsiveness at baseline, and male sex were associated with reduced growth (P<0.001 for all comparisons). At the last spirometric measurement (mean [±SD] age, 26.0±1.8 years), 73 participants (11%) met Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease spirometric criteria for lung-function impairment that was consistent with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); these participants were more likely to have a reduced pattern of growth than a normal pattern (18% vs. 3%, P<0.001).ConclusionsChildhood impairment of lung function and male sex were the most significant predictors of abnormal longitudinal patterns of lung-function growth and decline. Children with persistent asthma and reduced growth of lung function are at increased risk for fixed airflow obstruction and possibly COPD in early adulthood. (Funded by the Parker B. Francis Foundation and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00000575.).

Project description:PurposeStudies on the longitudinal clinical features of asthma or allergic comorbidities in children are limited. We aimed to examine the trajectories of asthma and allergic comorbidities and determine whether these trajectories differ according to clinical asthma phenotypes from birth to adolescence.MethodsWe enrolled 958 children with physician-diagnosed asthma from the Korean childhood Asthma Study (KAS) cohort. Children with asthma were classified using hierarchical cluster analysis. Information on the diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases before cohort entry was collected through linkage with national claims data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service.ResultsIn the KAS cohort, approximately half had a history of atopic dermatitis (AD) before infancy, with its prevalence gradually decreasing during adolescence. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) increased with age. The prevalence of asthma increased during early childhood and decreased during adolescence. According to the natural progression of asthma, AD, and AR trajectories, 4 distinctive phenotypes were identified using latent class analysis: "almost controlled," "early-onset asthma with AD and late-onset AR," "early-onset asthma only," and "intermediate-onset asthma and late-onset AR." Four distinct clinical trajectory patterns of asthma, AD, and AR were identified among the 4 cluster phenotypes based on baseline characteristics. Cluster 1 comprised male-dominant, atopic asthma with early-onset AD and late-onset AR. Cluster 2 included early-onset, atopic asthma with AD" persistent into adolescence. Cluster 3 encompassed "puberty-onset, female-dominant atopic asthma" with early-onset and low remission rates. Cluster 4 comprised "early-onset asthma with less atopic features" and the lowest comorbidities of AD and AR.ConclusionsThe longitudinal trajectories of asthma and allergic comorbidities in Korean children can be classified into distinct clusters. Most phenotypes exhibited early-onset asthma with a varying prevalence of comorbidities. The persistence of AD, rather than its onset age, determines the phenotype.

Dataset Information

Dietary patterns, lung function and asthma in childhood: a longitudinal study.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Dietary patterns, lung function and asthma in childhood: a longitudinal study.

Similar Datasets

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