Dataset Information

Risk Factors Associated With Post-COVID-19 Condition: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Importance

Post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) is a complex heterogeneous disorder that has affected the lives of millions of people globally. Identification of potential risk factors to better understand who is at risk of developing PCC is important because it would allow for early and appropriate clinical support.

Objective

To evaluate the demographic characteristics and comorbidities that have been found to be associated with an increased risk of developing PCC.

Data sources

Medline and Embase databases were systematically searched from inception to December 5, 2022.

Study selection

The meta-analysis included all published studies that investigated the risk factors and/or predictors of PCC in adult (≥18 years) patients.

Data extraction and synthesis

Odds ratios (ORs) for each risk factor were pooled from the selected studies. For each potential risk factor, the random-effects model was used to compare the risk of developing PCC between individuals with and without the risk factor. Data analyses were performed from December 5, 2022, to February 10, 2023.

Main outcomes and measures

The risk factors for PCC included patient age; sex; body mass index, calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared; smoking status; comorbidities, including anxiety and/or depression, asthma, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, immunosuppression, and ischemic heart disease; previous hospitalization or ICU (intensive care unit) admission with COVID-19; and previous vaccination against COVID-19.

Results

The initial search yielded 5334 records of which 255 articles underwent full-text evaluation, which identified 41 articles and a total of 860 783 patients that were included. The findings of the meta-analysis showed that female sex (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.41-1.73), age (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.11-1.33), high BMI (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.08-1.23), and smoking (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.07-1.13) were associated with an increased risk of developing PCC. In addition, the presence of comorbidities and previous hospitalization or ICU admission were found to be associated with high risk of PCC (OR, 2.48; 95% CI, 1.97-3.13 and OR, 2.37; 95% CI, 2.18-2.56, respectively). Patients who had been vaccinated against COVID-19 with 2 doses had a significantly lower risk of developing PCC compared with patients who were not vaccinated (OR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.43-0.76).

Conclusions and relevance

This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that certain demographic characteristics (eg, age and sex), comorbidities, and severe COVID-19 were associated with an increased risk of PCC, whereas vaccination had a protective role against developing PCC sequelae. These findings may enable a better understanding of who may develop PCC and provide additional evidence for the benefits of vaccination.

Trial registration

PROSPERO Identifier: CRD42022381002.

SUBMITTER: Tsampasian V

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10037203 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Risk Factors Associated With Post-COVID-19 Condition: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Tsampasian Vasiliki V Elghazaly Hussein H Chattopadhyay Rahul R Debski Maciej M Naing Thin Kyi Phyu TKP Garg Pankaj P Clark Allan A Ntatsaki Eleana E Vassiliou Vassilios S VS

JAMA internal medicine 20230601 6

<h4>Importance</h4>Post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) is a complex heterogeneous disorder that has affected the lives of millions of people globally. Identification of potential risk factors to better understand who is at risk of developing PCC is important because it would allow for early and appropriate clinical support.<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate the demographic characteristics and comorbidities that have been found to be associated with an increased risk of developing PCC.<h4>Data sources</h4>M ...[more]

PMID: 36951832

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Project description:BackgroundPost-tuberculosis (TB) sequelae present a significant challenge in the management of TB survivors, often leading to persistent health issues even after successful treatment. Identifying risk factors associated with post-TB sequelae is important for improving outcomes and quality of life of TB survivors. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to identify risk factors associated with long-term physical sequelae among TB survivors.MethodsWe systematically searched Medline, Embase, PROQUEST, and Scopus for studies on long-term physical sequelae among TB survivors up to December 12, 2023. The primary outcome of interest was to quantify risk factors of long-term physical sequelae (i.e., respiratory, hepatic, hearing, neurological, visual, renal, and musculoskeletal sequelae). We included all forms of TB patients who experienced long-term physical sequelae. We used narrative synthesis for risk factors reported once and random-effect meta-analysis for primary outcomes with two or more studies. Findings were presented with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots and Egger regression, and heterogeneity was examined with a Galbraith radial plot. The protocol was registered on Prospero (CRD42021250909).FindingsA total of 73 articles from 28 countries representing 31,553 TB-treated patients were included in the narrative synthesis, with 64 of these studies included in the meta-analysis. Risk factors associated with post-TB lung sequelae include older age (OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.07-2.47), previous TB treatment history (OR = 3.43, 95% CI: 2.37-4.97), smoking (OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.09-1.83), alcohol consumption (OR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.04-3.25), smear-positive pulmonary TB diagnosis (OR = 3.11, 95% CI: 1.77-6.44), and the presence of radiographic evidence of pulmonary lesions at the commencement of treatment (OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.07-3.87). Risk factors associated with post-TB liver injury included pre-existing hepatitis (OR = 2.41, 95% CI: 1.16-6.08), previous TB treatment (OR = 2.64, 95% CI: 1.22-6.67), hypo-albuminemia (OR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.53-2.88), HIV co-infection (OR = 2.72, 95% CI: 1.66-4.46), and CD4 count <200 mm3 in HIV-infected individuals (OR = 2.03, 95%CI: 1.26-3.27). Risk factors associated with post-TB hearing loss include baseline hearing problems (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.30-2.26), and HIV co-infection (OR = 3.02, 95% CI: 1.96-4.64).InterpretationThis systematic review and meta-analysis found that long-term physical post-TB sequelae including respiratory, hepatic, and hearing impairment were associated with a range of socio-demographic, behavioral, and clinical factors. Identification of these risk factors will help to identify patients who will benefit from interventions to reduce the burden of suffering from post-TB treatment.FundingHealy Medical Research Raine Foundation, the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council, and Curtin University Higher Degree Research Scholarship fund the study.

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Dataset Information

Risk Factors Associated With Post-COVID-19 Condition: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance

Objective

Data sources

Study selection

Data extraction and synthesis

Main outcomes and measures

Results

Conclusions and relevance

Trial registration

Publications

Risk Factors Associated With Post-COVID-19 Condition: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Similar Datasets

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