Dataset Information

Retinal Microvasculature and Neural Changes and Dietary Patterns in an Older Population in Southern Italy.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Like other parts of the body, the retina and its neurovascular system are also affected by age-related changes. The rising age of populations worldwide makes it important to study the pathologies related to age and their potential risk factors, such as diet and eating habits. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive power of food groups versus retinal features among noninstitutionalized older adults from Southern Italy using a machine learning approach.

Methods

We recruited 530 subjects, with a mean age of 74 years, who were drawn from the large population of the Salus in Apulia Study. In the present cross-sectional study, eating habits were assessed with a validated food frequency questionnaire. For the visual assessment, a complete ophthalmic examination and optical coherence tomography-angiography analyses were performed.

Results

The analyses identified 13 out of the 28 food groups as predictors of all our retinal variables: grains, legumes, olives-vegetable oil, fruiting vegetables, other vegetables, fruits, sweets, fish, dairy, low-fat dairy, red meat, white meat, and processed meat.

Conclusions

Eating habits and food consumption may be important risk factors for age-related retinal changes. A diet that provides the optimal intake of specific nutrients with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory powers, including carotenoids and omega-3 fatty acids, could have beneficial effects.

SUBMITTER: Tatoli R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10049576 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Retinal Microvasculature and Neural Changes and Dietary Patterns in an Older Population in Southern Italy.

Tatoli Rossella R Lampignano Luisa L Donghia Rossella R Niro Alfredo A Castellana Fabio F Bortone Ilaria I Zupo Roberta R Tirelli Sarah S Lozupone Madia M Panza Francesco F Alessio Giovanni G Boscia Francesco F Sborgia Giancarlo G On Behalf Of The Eye Clinic Research Group Sardone Rodolfo R

International journal of environmental research and public health 20230314 6

<h4>Background</h4>Like other parts of the body, the retina and its neurovascular system are also affected by age-related changes. The rising age of populations worldwide makes it important to study the pathologies related to age and their potential risk factors, such as diet and eating habits. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive power of food groups versus retinal features among noninstitutionalized older adults from Southern Italy using a machine learning approach.<h4>Metho ...[more]

PMID: 36982016

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Project description:Bioactive food compounds have different effects on global DNA methylation, an epigenetic mechanism associated with chromosomal stability and genome function. Since the diet is characterized by a mixture of foods, we aimed to identify dietary patterns in women, and to evaluate their association with long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE-1) methylation, a surrogate marker of global DNA methylation. We conducted an observational cross-sectional study of 349 women from Southern Italy, with no history of severe diseases. Dietary patterns were derived by food frequency questionnaire and principal component analysis. LINE-1 methylation of leukocyte DNA was assessed by pyrosequencing. We observed that intake of wholemeal bread, cereals, fish, fruit, raw and cooked vegetables, legumes, soup, potatoes, fries, rice, and pizza positively correlated with LINE-1 methylation levels. By contrast, vegetable oil negatively correlated with LINE-1 methylation levels. Next, we demonstrated that adherence to a prudent dietary pattern-characterized by high intake of potatoes, cooked and raw vegetables, legumes, soup and fish-was positively associated with LINE-1 methylation. In particular, women in the 3rd tertile exhibited higher LINE-1 methylation level than those in the 1st tertile (median = 66.7 %5mC; IQR = 4.67 %5mC vs. median = 63.1 %5mC; IQR = 12.3 %5mC; p < 0.001). Linear regression confirmed that women in the 3rd tertile had higher LINE-1 methylation than those in the 1st tertile (β = 0.022; SE = 0.003; p < 0.001), after adjusting for age, educational level, employment status, smoking status, use of folic acid supplement, total energy intake and body mass index. By contrast, no differences in LINE-1 methylation across tertiles of adherence to the Western dietary pattern were evident. Interestingly, women who exclusively adhered to the prudent dietary pattern had a higher average LINE-1 methylation level than those who exclusively or preferably adhered to the Western dietary pattern (β = 0.030; SE = 0.004; p < 0.001; β = 0.023; SE = 0.004; p < 0.001; respectively), or those with no preference for a specific dietary pattern (β = 0.013; SE = 0.004; p = 0.002). Our study suggested a remarkable link between diet and DNA methylation; however, further mechanistic studies should be encouraged to understand the causal relationship between dietary intake and DNA methylation.

Dataset Information

Retinal Microvasculature and Neural Changes and Dietary Patterns in an Older Population in Southern Italy.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Retinal Microvasculature and Neural Changes and Dietary Patterns in an Older Population in Southern Italy.

Similar Datasets

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