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Depressive symptoms anticipate behavioral and emotional factors among older adults: A prospective cross-lagged panel design.

ABSTRACT: This study examined the temporal relationship among depression, anxiety, insomnia, perceived stress, and physical activity in adults aged 60+ years with a history of major depressive disorder. We conducted a longitudinal study with 12 weeks of follow-up. Assessments consisted of phone or video interviews and included questionnaires evaluating depression, anxiety, insomnia, perceived stress, and physical activity. Our analytic approach consisted of a depression-focused cross-lagged panel model (CLPM) to examine week-to-week correlations among the five measures. The depression-focused CLPM identified statistically significant week-to-week self-predictive effects for each of the five measures. Higher depressive symptom burden was a strong predictor of increased stress, greater insomnia, and less physical activity the following week. No other cross-measure predictions were statistically significant. Our analytical approach clarifies the directional relationship among variables that typically co-occur with depression showing that higher depression symptom burden predisposes older adults to poor sleep, a reduced level of daytime activity, and a greater sense of stress. These findings support the need for longitudinal assessments and targeted interventions for reducing symptoms of depression in older adults.

SUBMITTER: Kazan J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10062444 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Depressive symptoms anticipate behavioral and emotional factors among older adults: A prospective cross-lagged panel design.

Kazan Joseph J Gerlach Andrew R AR Mizuno Akiko A Andreescu Carmen C Aizenstein Howard J HJ Ward Scott S Buente Kara J KJ Stahl Sarah T ST

Psychiatry research communications 20221220 1

This study examined the temporal relationship among depression, anxiety, insomnia, perceived stress, and physical activity in adults aged 60+ years with a history of major depressive disorder. We conducted a longitudinal study with 12 weeks of follow-up. Assessments consisted of phone or video interviews and included questionnaires evaluating depression, anxiety, insomnia, perceived stress, and physical activity. Our analytic approach consisted of a depression-focused cross-lagged panel model (C ...[more]

PMID: 37009251

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Project description:BackgroundDepressive symptoms are the most prevalent mental health concern among older adults (possibly heightened during the COVID-19 pandemic), which raises questions about how such symptoms can be lowered in this population. Existing research shows that offline social connectedness is a protective factor against depression in older adults; however, it is unknown whether web-based social connectedness can have similar effects.ObjectiveThis study investigates whether social connectedness on a support website protects older adults against depressive symptoms over the course of a year, above and beyond the protective effect of offline social connectedness. The secondary aim is to determine whether older adults with increased depressive symptoms are more likely to engage in social connectedness on this website. Thus, we examine depressive symptoms as both an outcome and predictor of web-based social connectedness to fully understand the chain of causality among these variables. Finally, we compare web-based social connectedness with offline social connectedness in their ability to lower depressive symptoms among older adults.MethodsA total of 197 adults aged 65 years or older were given access to a social support website, where they were able to communicate with each other via a discussion forum for a year. Participants' social connectedness on the web-based platform, conceptualized as message production and consumption, was measured using behavioral log data as the number of messages participants wrote and read, respectively, during the first 6 months (t1) and the following 6 months (t2) of the study. Participants self-reported their offline social connectedness as the number of people in their support networks, and they reported their depressive symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 both at baseline (t1) and at 12-month follow-up (t2). To ascertain the flow of causality between these variables, we employed a cross-lagged panel design, in which all variables were measured at t1 and t2.ResultsAfter controlling for the effect of offline support networks at t1, web-based message consumption at t1 decreased older adults' depressive symptoms at t2 (β=-.11; P=.02), but web-based message production at t1 did not impact t2 depressive symptoms (β=.12; P=.34). Web-based message consumption had a larger effect (β=-.11; P=.02) than offline support networks (β=-.08; P=.03) in reducing older adults' depressive symptoms over time. Higher baseline depressive symptoms did not predict increased web-based message consumption (β=.12; P=.36) or production (β=.02; P=.43) over time.ConclusionsThe more messages older adults read on the web-based forum for the first 6 months of the study, the less depressed they felt at the 1-year follow-up, above and beyond the availability of offline support networks at baseline. This pinpoints the substantial potential of web-based communication to combat depressive symptoms in this vulnerable population.International registered report identifier (irrid)RR2-10.1186/s13063-015-0713-2.

Project description:ObjectivesThe objective was to assess the prevalence of perinatal depressive symptoms and determine the trajectories of marital adjustment and depressive symptoms and their reciprocal relationships among Chinese perinatal women.DesignThis was a prospective, longitudinal cross-lagged study.SettingThe study was conducted at the outpatient department of the largest women's and children's hospital in China, which is located in Chengdu, Sichuan Province.ParticipantsFour hundred and sixty-three mothers were conveniently sampled.Main outcome measuresThe Dyadic Adjustment Scale and the Chinese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were used to evaluate marital adjustment and depressive symptoms, respectively, at three time points: the first trimester of pregnancy (T1), the third trimester of pregnancy (T2) and 6 weeks after childbirth (T3). Descriptive statistics were used to assess the prevalence of perinatal depressive symptoms, and repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the trajectories of marital adjustment and depressive symptoms among the participants. A cross-lagged model was used to explore the reciprocal relationship between marital adjustment and depressive symptoms.ResultsThe prevalence of perinatal depressive symptoms among our participants ranged from 21.2% to 24.0%. Repeated-measures ANOVA showed that during the perinatal period there was a significant tendency towards worse marital adjustment (F=33.031, p=0.000) and a slight but not significant reduction in depressive symptoms (F=1.883, p=0.153) among the participants. The cross-lagged model showed that maternal marital adjustment at T1 significantly and negatively predicted depressive symptoms at T2 (β=-0.165, p<0.001), and that depressive symptoms at T2 significantly and negatively predicted marital adjustment at T3 (β=-0.135, p<0.001). However, the predictive effects of depressive symptoms at T1 on marital adjustment at T2 and that of marital adjustment at T2 on depressive symptoms at T3 were not significant.ConclusionThe prevalence of perinatal depressive symptoms ranged from 21.2% to 24.0% among the participants. During the perinatal period, the marital adjustment of women tended to be worse; however, there was no significant change in depressive symptoms. This study showed that better marital adjustment at T1 was a protective factor against maternal depressive symptoms at T2, and a higher level of depressive symptoms at T2 was a risk factor for worse marital adjustment at T3.

Project description:BackgroundWhile the association between depressive symptoms and deliberate self-harm in adolescence is extensively documented, the nature, bi-directionality, and longitudinal dynamics of this relationship remain underexplored. This study aims to investigate the causal and reciprocal relationship between depressive symptoms and deliberate self-harm among rural adolescents in western China.MethodsA 2-year panel study was conducted among 1,840 adolescents aged 10-18 attending rural junior and senior high schools in Sichuan Province, China. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) and a global measure of self-reported deliberate self-harm were utilized to examine the relationship between depressive symptoms and deliberate self-harm using both classic and random intercept cross-lagged panel models. Multi-group comparisons were carried out for the gender, pubertal stage, and academic performance subgroups.ResultsPositive and statistically significant correlations were found between depressive symptoms and deliberate self-harm both within and across the three waves of the panel survey, after adjusting for covariates, among rural adolescents in western China (Range: 0.05-0.28, p < 0.05). As anticipated, depressive symptoms positively predicted later deliberate self-harm, which in turn reciprocally predicted subsequent depressive symptoms, both between and within individuals. While the cross-lagged effects were invariant by gender and academic performance, the effect of baseline depressive symptoms on later deliberate self-harm was stronger for adolescents in the early pubertal stage (β = 0.19, 95% Confidence Interval: 0.08 to 0.30) than for those in the middle-to-late pubertal stage (β = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.19).ConclusionThere is a causal and reciprocal relationship between depressive symptoms and deliberate self-harm among rural adolescents in China. Not only does this finding lend further credence to a growing body of research on adolescents' self-harming behaviors but also informs early intervention strategies aimed at improving behavioral health of rural adolescents in western China.

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Depressive symptoms anticipate behavioral and emotional factors among older adults: A prospective cross-lagged panel design.

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Depressive symptoms anticipate behavioral and emotional factors among older adults: A prospective cross-lagged panel design.

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