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Re-cognizing the new self: The neurocognitive plasticity of self-processing following facial transplantation.

ABSTRACT: The face is a defining feature of our individuality, crucial for our social interactions. But what happens when the face connected to the self is radically altered or replaced? We address the plasticity of self-face recognition in the context of facial transplantation. While the acquisition of a new face following facial transplantation is a medical fact, the experience of a new identity is an unexplored psychological outcome. We traced the changes in self-face recognition before and after facial transplantation to understand if and how the transplanted face gradually comes to be perceived and recognized as the recipient's own new face. Neurobehavioral evidence documents a strong representation of the pre-injury appearance pre-operatively, while following the transplantation, the recipient incorporates the new face into his self-identity. The acquisition of this new facial identity is supported by neural activity in medial frontal regions that are considered to integrate psychological and perceptual aspects of the self.

SUBMITTER: Azevedo RT

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10083597 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Re-cognizing the new self: The neurocognitive plasticity of self-processing following facial transplantation.

Azevedo Ruben T RT Diaz-Siso J Rodrigo JR Alfonso Allyson R AR Ramly Elie P EP Kantar Rami S RS Berman Zoe P ZP Diep Gustave K GK Rifkin William J WJ Rodriguez Eduardo D ED Tsakiris Manos M

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 20230327 14

The face is a defining feature of our individuality, crucial for our social interactions. But what happens when the face connected to the self is radically altered or replaced? We address the plasticity of self-face recognition in the context of facial transplantation. While the <i>acquisition</i> of a new face following facial transplantation is a medical fact, the <i>experience</i> of a new identity is an unexplored psychological outcome. We traced the changes in self-face recognition before a ...[more]

PMID: 36972456

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Project description:Purpose Reorganization of language networks in aphasia takes advantage of the facts that (a) the brain is an organ of plasticity, with neuronal changes occurring throughout the life span, including following brain damage; (b) plasticity is highly experience dependent; and (c) as with any learning system, language reorganization involves a synergistic interplay between organism-intrinsic (i.e., cognitive and brain) and organism-extrinsic (i.e., environmental) variables. A major goal for clinical treatment of aphasia is to be able to prescribe treatment and predict its outcome based on the neurocognitive deficit profiles of individual patients. This review article summarizes the results of research examining the neurocognitive effects of psycholinguistically based treatment (i.e., Treatment of Underlying Forms; Thompson & Shapiro, 2005) for sentence processing impairments in individuals with chronic agrammatic aphasia resulting from stroke and primary progressive aphasia and addresses both behavioral and brain variables related to successful treatment outcomes. The influences of lesion volume and location, perfusion (blood flow), and resting-state neural activity on language recovery are also discussed as related to recovery of agrammatism and other language impairments. Based on these and other data, principles for promoting neuroplasticity of language networks are presented. Conclusions Sentence processing treatment results in improved comprehension and production of complex syntactic structures in chronic agrammatism and generalization to less complex, linguistically related structures in chronic agrammatism. Patients also show treatment-induced shifts toward normal-like online sentence processing routines (based on eye movement data) and changes in neural recruitment patterns (based on functional neuroimaging), with posttreatment activation of regions overlapping with those within sentence processing and dorsal attention networks engaged by neurotypical adults performing the same task. These findings provide compelling evidence that treatment focused on principles of neuroplasticity promotes neurocognitive recovery in chronic agrammatic aphasia. Presentation Videohttps://doi.org/10.23641/asha.10257587.

Dataset Information

Re-cognizing the new self: The neurocognitive plasticity of self-processing following facial transplantation.

Publications

Re-cognizing the new self: The neurocognitive plasticity of self-processing following facial transplantation.

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