Dataset Information

Assessing Diet Quality in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Cohort of Low-income Toddlers.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Low-income racially and ethnically diverse children are at higher risk for obesity compared with their counterparts; yet, few studies have assessed their diet quality.

Objective

The aim of the study was to evaluate the diet quality of a racially and ethnically diverse cohort of 2-year-olds using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2010.

Methods

We used 24-hour dietary recall data from caregivers of toddlers (24-34 months) at 4 pediatric resident clinics that participated in the Greenlight Study to calculate compliance with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) using total HEI score (range 0-100) and 12 component scores.

Results

Participants (n = 231) were mostly Hispanic (57%) or non-Hispanic black (27%) and from low-income families. Mean HEI-2010 score was 62.8 (standard deviation [SD] 10.5). Though not significant, Hispanics had the highest HEI score. Toddlers of caregivers without obesity, older than 35 years and born outside the United States had higher HEI scores. Most had high HEI component scores for dairy, fruit, and protein foods, but few achieved maximum scores, particularly for whole grains (13%), vegetables (10%), and fatty acid ratio (7%).

Conclusions

Despite scores reflective of DGA recommendations for fruit, dairy and protein foods, toddlers in this diverse sample had low quality diets as measured by the HEI, driven largely by low component scores for whole grains, vegetables, and ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids.

SUBMITTER: Kay MC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10084854 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Assessing Diet Quality in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Cohort of Low-income Toddlers.

Kay Melissa C MC Silver Heidi J HJ Yin H Shonna HS Flower Kori B KB Rothman Russell L RL Sanders Lee M LM Delamater Alan M AM Perrin Eliana M EM

Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition 20201101 5

<h4>Background</h4>Low-income racially and ethnically diverse children are at higher risk for obesity compared with their counterparts; yet, few studies have assessed their diet quality.<h4>Objective</h4>The aim of the study was to evaluate the diet quality of a racially and ethnically diverse cohort of 2-year-olds using the Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2010.<h4>Methods</h4>We used 24-hour dietary recall data from caregivers of toddlers (24-34 months) at 4 pediatric resident clinics that participa ...[more]

PMID: 33093378

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Project description:BackgroundCurrent measures of parent feeding practices are typically survey-based and assessed as static/unchanging characteristics, failing to account for fluctuations in these behaviors across time and context. The current study uses ecological momentary assessment to examine variability of, and predictors of, parent feeding practices within a low-income, racially/ethnically diverse, and immigrant sample.MethodsChildren ages 5-7 years old and their parents (n = 150 dyads) from six racial/ethnic groups (n = 25 from each; Black/African American, Hispanic, Hmong, Native American, Somali, White) were recruited for this mixed-methods study through primary care clinics.ResultsAmong parents who used restriction (49%) and pressure-to-eat (69%) feeding practices, these feeding practices were utilized about every other day. Contextual factors at the meal associated with parent feeding practices included: number of people at the meal, who prepared the meal, types of food served at meals (e.g., pre-prepared, homemade, fast food), meal setting (e.g., kitchen table, front room), and meal emotional atmosphere (p < 0.05). Parents tended to restrict desserts, dairy, and vegetables and pressure children to eat fruits, vegetables, meat proteins, and refined grains (p < 0.05). There were some differences by race/ethnicity across findings (p < 0.01), with Hmong parents engaging in the highest levels of pressure-to-eat feeding practices.ConclusionsParent feeding practices varied across the week, indicating feeding practices are more likely to be context-specific, or state-like than trait-like. There were some meal characteristics more strongly associated with engaging in restriction and pressure-to-eat feeding practices. Given that parent feeding practices appear to be state-like, future interventions and health care providers who work with parents and children may want to address contextual factors associated with parent feeding practices to decrease restriction and pressure-to-eat parent feeding practices.

Project description:Using the positive deviance approach, the purpose of this study was to identify parent feeding practices that might be protective against early childhood obesity among children with lower weight status (BMI percentile ≥5th-<85th) relative to higher weight status (BMI percentile ≥85th). Qualitative interviews were conducted with 71 parents of children aged 2-5 years old (48% girls) enrolled in the Minnesota Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women Infants and Children (WIC). Children were identified as having lower weight status (defined as 'positive deviants') (n = 36) or 'higher weight status' (n = 35), and were African American [n = 22], Hispanic [n = 23], or Hmong [n = 26]). Parents were asked about approaches to child feeding and health- and weight-related practices. Findings indicated that relative to caregivers of children with higher weight status, parents of children identified as positive deviant were more likely to report having a consistent routine for providing meals, using a guided choices approach, serving small portions of food during mealtimes, and trusting their child hunger and satiety cues. Moreover, parents of children identified as positive deviant were more likely to promote healthful eating and physical activity engagement and implement clear rules and limits for screen time than parents of children with higher weight status. Results suggest specific parent feeding behaviors and health-related practices that may influence child weight status among children living in low-income and racialized households. The findings of this study also provide research evidence and support the tenets of the Satter Division of Responsibility in Feeding framework. Parenting practices and strategies among parents of children identified as positive deviant are expected to be feasible and should be explored and communicated in future interventions to support age- and sex-recommended weight and health-related outcomes among young children to promote health equity.

Dataset Information

Assessing Diet Quality in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Cohort of Low-income Toddlers.

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Assessing Diet Quality in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Cohort of Low-income Toddlers.

Similar Datasets

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