Dataset Information

White blood cell count profiles in anti-aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease.

ABSTRACT: White blood cell (WBC) count profiles in anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-NMOSD) and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) are still unknown. This study evaluated the total WBC count, differential WBC counts, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with these diseases within three months from an attack before acute treatment or relapse prevention and compared the profiles with those in matched volunteers or in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. AQP4-NMOSD patients (n = 13) had a higher neutrophil count (p = 0.0247), monocyte count (p = 0.0359), MLR (p = 0.0004), and NLR (p = 0.0037) and lower eosinophil (p = 0.0111) and basophil (p = 0.0283) counts than those of AQP4-NMOSD-matched volunteers (n = 65). Moreover, patients with MOGAD (n = 26) had a higher overall WBC count (p = 0.0001), neutrophil count (p < 0.0001), monocyte count (p = 0.0191), MLR (p = 0.0320), and NLR (p = 0.0002) than those of MOGAD-matched volunteers (n = 130). The three demyelinating diseases showed similar levels of the total and differential WBC counts; however, MOGAD and MS showed different structures in the hierarchical clustering and distributions on a two-dimensional canonical plot using differential WBC counts from the other three groups. WBC count profiles were similar in patients with MOGAD and MS but differed from profiles in matched volunteers or patients with AQP4-NMOSD.

SUBMITTER: Akaishi T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10119079 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

White blood cell count profiles in anti-aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease.

Akaishi Tetsuya T Misu Tatsuro T Fujihara Kazuo K Nakaya Kumi K Nakaya Naoki N Nakamura Tomohiro T Kogure Mana M Hatanaka Rieko R Itabashi Fumi F Kanno Ikumi I Kaneko Kimihiko K Takahashi Toshiyuki T Fujimori Juichi J Takai Yoshiki Y Nishiyama Shuhei S Ishii Tadashi T Aoki Masashi M Nakashima Ichiro I Hozawa Atsushi A

Scientific reports 20230420 1

White blood cell (WBC) count profiles in anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-NMOSD) and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) are still unknown. This study evaluated the total WBC count, differential WBC counts, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with these diseases within three months from an attack before acute treatment or relapse prevention and compared the ...[more]

PMID: 37081126

Similar Datasets

Project description:Autoantibody-associated demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system such as myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-antibody associated disease (MOGAD) and aquaporin 4-antibody positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (AQP4+ NMOSD) are rare diseases but can cause severe disability. In both diseases, associated neuroinflammation is accompanied by blood and cerebrospinal fluid cytokine and chemokine signatures, which were shown to be distinct from those observed in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). In this study, we aimed to confirm and extend these findings by analyzing a larger number of serum cytokines, chemokines and related molecules in patients with MOGAD or AQP4+ NMOSD in comparison to MS, to better understand the pathophysiology and to identify biomarkers potentially useful in clinical practice for diagnostic and treatment purposes. A total of 65 serum cytokines, chemokines and related molecules like growth factors and soluble receptors were measured by Procartaplex multiplex immunoassays in 40 MOGAD, 40 AQP4+ NMOSD and 54 MS patients at baseline. Furthermore, follow-up samples of 25 AQP4+ NMOSD and 40 MOGAD patients were measured after 6-12 months. Selected analytes were validated in a subgroup of samples using other bead-based assays and ELISA. At baseline, 36 analytes in MOGAD and 30 in AQP4+ NMOSD were significantly increased compared to MS. K-means cluster analysis of all significantly altered molecules revealed three distinct groups: Cluster I, including 12 MOGAD, 2 AQP4+ NMOSD and 3 MS patients, had a specific association with 11 IL-6/IL-17A associated cytokines. In this cluster, 9/17 (53%) patients were children. Cluster II with 13 MOGAD, 24 AQP4+ NMOSD and 1 MS patient was associated with 31 upregulated analytes. Cluster III contained 15 MOGAD, 14 AQP4+ NMOSD and 50 MS patients. In cluster II and III the majority were adults (82% and 92%). Most measured analytes remained stable over time. Validation of selected cytokines and chemokines using other analytical methods revealed moderate to high correlation coefficients, but absolute values differed between assays. In conclusion, these results obtained by bead-based multiplex assays highlight a significant association of biomarkers of peripheral inflammation in patients with antibody-associated demyelinating diseases in comparison with MS.

Project description:BACKGROUND: Serum autoantibodies against the water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4) are important diagnostic biomarkers and pathogenic factors for neuromyelitis optica (NMO). However, AQP4-IgG are absent in 5-40% of all NMO patients and the target of the autoimmune response in these patients is unknown. Since recent studies indicate that autoimmune responses to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) can induce an NMO-like disease in experimental animal models, we speculate that MOG might be an autoantigen in AQP4-IgG seronegative NMO. Although high-titer autoantibodies to human native MOG were mainly detected in a subgroup of pediatric acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, their role in NMO and High-risk NMO (HR-NMO; recurrent optic neuritis-rON or longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis-LETM) remains unresolved. RESULTS: We analyzed patients with definite NMO (n = 45), HR-NMO (n = 53), ADEM (n = 33), clinically isolated syndromes presenting with myelitis or optic neuritis (CIS, n = 32), MS (n = 71) and controls (n = 101; 24 other neurological diseases-OND, 27 systemic lupus erythematosus-SLE and 50 healthy subjects) for serum IgG to MOG and AQP4. Furthermore, we investigated whether these antibodies can mediate complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). AQP4-IgG was found in patients with NMO (n = 43, 96%), HR-NMO (n = 32, 60%) and in one CIS patient (3%), but was absent in ADEM, MS and controls. High-titer MOG-IgG was found in patients with ADEM (n = 14, 42%), NMO (n = 3, 7%), HR-NMO (n = 7, 13%, 5 rON and 2 LETM), CIS (n = 2, 6%), MS (n = 2, 3%) and controls (n = 3, 3%, two SLE and one OND). Two of the three MOG-IgG positive NMO patients and all seven MOG-IgG positive HR-NMO patients were negative for AQP4-IgG. Thus, MOG-IgG were found in both AQP4-IgG seronegative NMO patients and seven of 21 (33%) AQP4-IgG negative HR-NMO patients. Antibodies to MOG and AQP4 were predominantly of the IgG1 subtype, and were able to mediate CDC at high-titer levels. CONCLUSIONS: We could show for the first time that a subset of AQP4-IgG seronegative patients with NMO and HR-NMO exhibit a MOG-IgG mediated immune response, whereas MOG is not a target antigen in cases with an AQP4-directed humoral immune response.

Project description:BackgroundSerum antibodies against myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein (MOG-IgG) are detectable in a proportion of patients with acute or relapsing neuroinflammation. It is unclear, if neuro-axonal damage occurs only in an attack-dependent manner or also progressively. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate longitudinally intra-retinal layer changes in eyes without new optic neuritis (ON) in MOG-IgG-seropositive patients.MethodsWe included 38 eyes of 24 patients without ON during follow-up (F/U) [median years (IQR)] 1.9 (1.0-2.2) and 56 eyes of 28 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). The patient group's eyes included 18 eyes without (EyeON-) and 20 eyes with history of ON (EyeON+). Using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), we acquired peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (pRNFL) and volumes of combined ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer (GCIP), inner nuclear layer (INL), and macular volume (MV). High-contrast visual acuity (VA) was assessed at baseline.ResultsAt baseline in EyeON-, pRNFL (94.3 ± 15.9 μm, p = 0.36), INL (0.26 ± 0.03 mm3, p = 0.11), and MV (2.34 ± 0.11 mm3, p = 0.29) were not reduced compared to HC; GCIP showed thinning (0.57 ± 0.07 mm3; p = 0.008), and VA was reduced (logMAR 0.05 ± 0.15 vs. - 0.09 ± 0.14, p = 0.008) in comparison to HC. Longitudinally, we observed pRNFL thinning in models including all patient eyes (annual reduction - 2.20 ± 4.29 μm vs. - 0.35 ± 1.17 μm, p = 0.009) in comparison to HC. Twelve EyeON- with other than ipsilateral ON attacks ≤ 6 months before baseline showed thicker pRNFL at baseline and more severe pRNFL thinning in comparison to 6 EyeON- without other clinical relapses.ConclusionsWe observed pRNFL thinning in patients with MOG-IgG during F/U, which was not accompanied by progressive GCIP reduction. This effect could be caused by a small number of EyeON- with other than ipsilateral ON attacks within 6 months before baseline. One possible interpretation could be a reduction of the swelling, which could mean that MOG-IgG patients show immune-related swelling in the CNS also outside of an attack's target area.

Project description:BackgroundRecognizing the predictors of disease relapses in patients with anti-aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-ab)-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is essential for individualized treatment strategy. We aimed to identify the factors that predicted relapses among patients with AQP4-ab-positive NMOSD, develop outcome prediction models, and validate them in a multicenter validation cohort.MethodsBetween January 2015 and December 2020, 820 patients with NMOSD were registered at Huashan Hospital. We retrospectively reviewed their medical records, and included 358 AQP4-ab-positive patients with 1135 treatment episodes. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to explore the predictors of relapse, severe visual or motor disability during follow-up. A model predicting the 1- and 2-year relapse-free probability was developed and validated in an external validation cohort of 92 patients with 213 treatment episodes.ResultsLower serum AQP4-ab titer (< 1:100), higher Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score at onset (≥ 2.5), and use of intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) at the first attack predicted an overall lower annualized relapse rate. Older age (> 48 years), optic neuritis at onset, and higher onset EDSS score (≥ 2.5) significantly increased the risk for blindness, while IVMP at the first attack and maintenance therapy reduced the risk for blindness. Myelitis at onset increased the possibility of motor disability (EDSS ≥ 6.0), severe motor disability or death (EDSS ≥ 8.0), while maintenance therapy reduced these possibilities. Anderson and Gill model identified that the risk factors predicting recurrent relapses under certain treatment status were female gender, high AQP4-ab titer (≥ 1:100), previous attack under same therapy, lower EDSS score at treatment initiation (< 2.5), and no maintenance therapy or oral prednisone lasting less than 6 months. A nomogram using the above factors showed good discrimination and calibration abilities. The concordance indexes in the primary and validation cohort were 0.66 and 0.65, respectively.ConclusionThis study reports the demographic, clinical and therapeutic predictors of relapse, and severe visual or motor disability in NMOSD. Early identification of patients at risk of unfavorable outcomes is of paramount importance to inform treatment decisions.

Project description:Purpose: To describe a Japanese girl with unilateral optic neuritis who was seropositive for the anti-myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG). Serial recordings of the pattern visual evoked potentials (pVEPs) were made to follow the dynamic changes of the disease activity. Observations: A 5-year-old girl developed a sudden reduction of vision and deep ocular pain in her right eye. On examination at our university hospital, the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was light perception, and a swelling of the optic disc and tortuous vessels at the posterior pole of the right eye were observed. MRI demonstrated that her right optic nerve was hyperintense on short TI inversion recovery (STIR) sequence. A diagnosis of right papillitis was made, and she was treated with steroid pulse therapy followed by a gradual tapering of oral prednisolone. The visual acuity decreased to no light perception and plasmapheresis combined with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin therapy was performed. The decimal visual acuity rapidly improved and recovered to 1.2, and no recurrence was observed for at least 1 year. On day 19, she was found to be anti-MOG antibody positive and anti-Aquaporin 4 antibody negative. pVEPs were recorded during the course of the disease process which showed the dynamic changes of the physiology of the visual pathways. The implicit times of the N75 and P100 components were prolonged in the right eye in the acute phase. The right visual acuity remained at 1.2 for at least 1 year, but the implicit times of the N75 and P100 components of the pVEPs of the right eye were still prolonged compared to left eye. Conclusion: Our findings indicate a positive relationship between the anti-MOG antibodies-positivity and the prolonged pVEPs. Further analyses of the pVEPs and other clinical findings of the optic neuritis are needed to establish the clinical significance of the anti-MOG antibodies positivity and optic neuritis for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis for this disease.

Dataset Information

White blood cell count profiles in anti-aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease.

Publications

White blood cell count profiles in anti-aquaporin-4 antibody seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets