Dataset Information

Investigating walnut consumption and cognitive trajectories in a representative sample of older US adults.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Existing research suggests walnut intake may be associated with better cognitive function in older adults, yet few studies utilise longitudinal data from observational studies of ageing populations. Our objective was to estimate the association between whole walnut intake and cognitive change in a representative sample of older Americans.

Design

Secondary analysis of the Health and Retirement Study and Health Care and Nutrition Study. Walnut consumption was defined as a categorical measure (none, low intake (0·01-0·08 1 oz. servings per day) and moderate intake (>0·08 1 oz. servings per day)) and cognitive function was measured using the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status. Latent growth modelling estimated the association between walnut consumption and trajectories of cognitive status over a 4-year observational period. Sensitivity analyses assessing non-random dropout and Monte Carlo power analyses were conducted to contextualise results.

Setting

The USA.

Participants

A sample of 3632 US adults aged 65 years and older.

Results

Those reporting any walnut consumption had greater cognitive scores at baseline than those not consuming walnuts (low walnut consumption, b = 1·53, se = 0·21, P < 0·001; moderate walnut consumption, b = 2·22, se = 0·27, P < 0·001), but walnut consumption was not associated with cognitive change. Walnut consumption was positively associated with socioeconomic status and health behaviours as well as intake of nutrients identified to have neuroprotective benefits.

Conclusions

We identified an association between walnut consumption and cognitive function in older adults, although we did not find that walnut consumption was protective against age-related cognitive decline.

SUBMITTER: Bishop NJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10195479 | biostudies-literature | 2021 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Investigating walnut consumption and cognitive trajectories in a representative sample of older US adults.

Bishop Nicholas J NJ Zuniga Krystle E KE

Public health nutrition 20200703 7

<h4>Objective</h4>Existing research suggests walnut intake may be associated with better cognitive function in older adults, yet few studies utilise longitudinal data from observational studies of ageing populations. Our objective was to estimate the association between whole walnut intake and cognitive change in a representative sample of older Americans.<h4>Design</h4>Secondary analysis of the Health and Retirement Study and Health Care and Nutrition Study. Walnut consumption was defined as a ...[more]

PMID: 32618237

Similar Datasets

Project description:ImportanceMore people are surviving long-term after diagnosis with hematologic malignant neoplasm (HMN), yet there are limited data on cancer-related cognitive impairment in people with HMN. Better understanding cognitive outcomes after HMN in older adults is important for patient counseling and management.ObjectiveTo model cognitive trajectories and rates of cognitive decline before and after HMN diagnosis in older adults compared with a matched noncancer cohort.Design, setting, and participantsIn this population-based cohort study, older adults from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) diagnosed with HMN between 1998 and 2016 after age 65 years were matched 1:3 to participants without cancer from the same HRS wave using propensity scores incorporating variables relevant to cognition. Cognitive trajectories were modeled with piecewise linear splines, and rates of cognitive decline before, during, and after diagnosis were compared in the 2 groups. Data were analyzed from April 2022 to April 2024.ExposuresHMN diagnosis by Medicare diagnosis codes.Main outcomes and measuresCognitive function was assessed by the Langa-Weir cognitive summary score from 1992 to 2020. Sociodemographic and health-related variables relevant to cognition were incorporated into propensity scores.ResultsAt baseline, there were 668 participants in the HMN cohort (mean [SD] age, 76.8 [7.6] years; 343 [51.3%] male; 72 [10.8%] Black, 33 [4.9%] Hispanic, and 585 [87.6%] White) and 1994 participants in the control cohort (mean [SD] age, 76.5 [7.3] years; 1020 [51.2%] male; 226 [11.3%] Black, 91 [4.6%] Hispanic, and 1726 [86.6%] White). The HMN cohort consisted predominantly of more indolent diagnoses, and only 96 patients (14.4%) received chemotherapy. Before and in the 2 years around the time of diagnosis, the HMN and control cohorts had similar rates of cognitive decline. At 1 year postdiagnosis and beyond, the rate of cognitive decline was slower in the HMN cohort (-0.18; 95% CI, -0.23 to -0.14) than in the control group (-0.24; 95% CI, -0.26 to -0.23) (P = .02), but this difference was no longer significant after accounting for the competing risk of death (HMN group, -0.27; 95% CI, -0.34 to -0.19; control group, -0.30; 95% CI, -0.33 to -0.27; P = .48).Conclusions and relevanceIn this cohort study of older adults, the HMN and matched noncancer control cohorts had similar rates of cognitive decline before, during, and after diagnosis after accounting for the competing risk of death.

Project description:ObjectivesPatients requiring admission to an ICU may subsequently experience cognitive decline. Our objective was to investigate longitudinal cognitive trajectories in older adults hospitalized in ICUs. We hypothesized that individuals hospitalized for critical illness develop greater cognitive decline compared with those who do not require ICU admission.DesignA retrospective cohort study using prospectively collected cognitive scores of participants enrolled in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging and ICU admissions retrospectively ascertained from electronic medical records. A covariate-adjusted linear mixed effects model with random intercepts and slopes assessed the relationship between ICU admissions and the slope of global cognitive z scores and domains scores (memory, attention/executive, visuospatial, and language).SettingICU admissions and cognitive scores in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging from October 1, 2004, to September 11, 2017.PatientsNondemented participants age 50 through 91 at enrollment in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging with an initial cognitive assessment and at least one follow-up visit.InterventionsNone.Measurements and main resultsOf 3,673 participants, 372 had at least one ICU admission with median (25-75th percentile) follow-up after first ICU admission of 2.5 years (1.2-4.4 yr). For global cognitive z score, admission to an ICU was associated with greater decline in scores over time compared with participants not requiring ICU admission (difference in annual slope = -0.028; 95% CI, -0.044 to -0.012; p < 0.001). ICU admission was associated with greater declines in memory (-0.029; 95% CI, -0.047 to -0.011; p = 0.002), attention/executive (-0.020; 95% CI, -0.037 to -0.004; p = 0.016), and visuospatial (-0.013; 95% CI, -0.026 to -0.001; p = 0.041) domains. ICU admissions with delirium were associated with greater declines in memory (interaction p = 0.006) and language (interaction p = 0.002) domains than ICU admissions without delirium.ConclusionsIn older adults, ICU admission was associated with greater long-term cognitive decline compared with patients without ICU admission. These findings were more pronounced in those who develop delirium while in the ICU.

Dataset Information

Investigating walnut consumption and cognitive trajectories in a representative sample of older US adults.

Objective

Design

Setting

Participants

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Investigating walnut consumption and cognitive trajectories in a representative sample of older US adults.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets