Dataset Information

Circulating Small RNA Profiling of Patients with Alveolar and Cystic Echinococcosis.

ABSTRACT: Alveolar (AE) and cystic (CE) echinococcosis are two parasitic diseases caused by the tapeworms Echinococcus multilocularis and E. granulosus sensu lato (s. l.), respectively. Currently, AE and CE are mainly diagnosed by means of imaging techniques, serology, and clinical and epidemiological data. However, no viability markers that indicate parasite state during infection are available. Extracellular small RNAs (sRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that can be secreted by cells through association with extracellular vesicles, proteins, or lipoproteins. Circulating sRNAs can show altered expression in pathological states; hence, they are intensively studied as biomarkers for several diseases. Here, we profiled the sRNA transcriptomes of AE and CE patients to identify novel biomarkers to aid in medical decisions when current diagnostic procedures are inconclusive. For this, endogenous and parasitic sRNAs were analyzed by sRNA sequencing in serum from disease negative, positive, and treated patients and patients harboring a non-parasitic lesion. Consequently, 20 differentially expressed sRNAs associated with AE, CE, and/or non-parasitic lesion were identified. Our results represent an in-depth characterization of the effect E. multilocularis and E. granulosus s. l. exert on the extracellular sRNA landscape in human infections and provide a set of novel candidate biomarkers for both AE and CE detection.

SUBMITTER: Cucher MA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10215812 | biostudies-literature | 2023 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Circulating Small RNA Profiling of Patients with Alveolar and Cystic Echinococcosis.

Cucher Marcela A MA Mariconti Mara M Manciulli Tommaso T Vola Ambra A Rosenzvit Mara C MC Brehm Klaus K Kamenetzky Laura L Brunetti Enrico E

Biology 20230513 5

Alveolar (AE) and cystic (CE) echinococcosis are two parasitic diseases caused by the tapeworms <i>Echinococcus multilocularis</i> and <i>E. granulosus sensu lato</i> (s. l.), respectively. Currently, AE and CE are mainly diagnosed by means of imaging techniques, serology, and clinical and epidemiological data. However, no viability markers that indicate parasite state during infection are available. Extracellular small RNAs (sRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that can be secreted by cells through ...[more]

PMID: 37237528

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Project description:IntroductionRecent experimental data has revealed that the course of alveolar echinococcosis (AE) depends on adaptive immunity. For this study, we aimed to analyze the incidence and outcome of AE in immunocompromised humans.Material and methodsRetrospective analysis of 131 patients with a median age of 54?years treated for AE between 1971 and 2017 at a Swiss tertiary referral Centre. Fifty-two percent were females and 65 patients (50%) were diagnosed incidentally. Fourteen patients (16%) were operated on laparoscopically. Overall, median follow-up was 48?months.ResultsNew diagnoses have increased fourfold in immunocompetent and tenfold in immunocompromised patients in the past decade (p???0.005). Forty-one patients (31.3%) had co-existing or previous immunosuppressive conditions including 16 malignancies (36%), 11 auto-immune diseases or immunosuppressive therapies (31%), 5 infectious diseases (11%), 4 chronic asthma conditions (9%), 2 previous transplantations (4%) and 4 other immunocompromising conditions (9%). Serum levels of anti-Em18, -Em2 and -EgHF antibodies were neither associated with immunocompetence at diagnosis nor during follow-up, but significantly decreased after treatment with benzimidazole (n?=?43) or surgery (n?=?88) in all patients. Adjuvant therapy for ?1?year (p?=?0.007) with benzimidazole and resection status (R0) (p?=?0.002) were both correlated with recurrence-free survival. Survival at 5 and 10?years after surgery was 97% and 94%, respectively, and after conservative treatment 91% and 73%, respectively. Curative surgery (p?=?0.014) and immunocompetence (p?=?0.048) correlated significantly with overall survival.ConclusionThe incidence of human AE has increased over the last 2 decades with surgical interventions resulting in excellent outcomes. We have observed an association of immunosuppressive conditions with both incidence and survival of AE eventually justifying the implementation of a screening program for patients at risk in endemic regions.

Project description:OBJECTIVE:This study is aimed at determining the preoperative nutritional status of patients with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE), and subsequently establish a concise and reasonable nutritional evaluation indicator. The established evaluation method could be used for clinical preoperative risk assessment and prediction of post-operation recovery. METHODS:The basic patient information on height, body weight, BMI and hepatic encephalopathy of 93 HAE patients were examined. Subsequently, abdominal ultrasonography, blood coagulation and liver function tests were done on the patients. Liver function was assessed using the Child-Pugh improved grading method while nutritional status was evaluated using the European Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) method. Additional parameters including hospitalization time, the hemoglobin (HGB) level on the 3rd day after the operation, and the number of postoperative complications of HAE patients were also recorded. RESULTS:The NRS 2002 score was negatively correlated with body weight, body mass index (BMI)and albumin (ALB) (P<0.01), and positively correlated with the transverse and longitudinal diameters of the lesions (P<0.01). A worse grading of liver function was associated with a low ALB and a high NRS 2002 score (P<0.01). Results of the NRS 2002 score indicate that the hospitalization time of the normal nutrition group was significantly shorter than that of the malnourished group (P < 0.05). The HGB level of the control group on the 3rd day after the operation was significantly higher than that of the malnourished group (P < 0.05), and the number of postoperative complications was lower than that of malnutrition group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:Malnutrition is common in HAE patients. The nutritional status of HAE patients is related to many clinical factors, such as Child-Pugh classification of liver function, size of the lesion, and ALB among others. Although both BMI and ALB can be used as primary screening indicators for malnutrition in HAE patients, NRS 2002 is more reliable and prudent in judging malnutrition in HAE patients. Therefore, BMI and ALB are more suitable for preoperative risk assessment and prediction of postoperative recovery.

Dataset Information

Circulating Small RNA Profiling of Patients with Alveolar and Cystic Echinococcosis.

Publications

Circulating Small RNA Profiling of Patients with Alveolar and Cystic Echinococcosis.

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