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Estimated dietary intake of polyphenols from cereal foods and associated lifestyle and demographic factors in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study.

ABSTRACT: Cereal foods are consumed globally and are important sources of polyphenols with potential health benefits, yet dietary intakes are unclear. We aimed to calculate the dietary intakes of polyphenols from cereal foods in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS), and describe intakes by demographic and lifestyle factors. We estimated intakes of alkylresorcinols, lignans and phenolic acids in n = 39,892 eligible MCCS participants, using baseline dietary data (1990-1994) from a 121-item FFQ containing 17 cereal foods, matched to a polyphenol database developed from published literature and Phenol-Explorer Database. Intakes were estimated within groups according to lifestyle and demographic factors. The median (25th-75th percentile) intake of total polyphenols from cereal foods was 86.9 mg/day (51.4-155.8). The most consumed compounds were phenolic acids, with a median intake of 67.1 mg (39.5-118.8), followed by alkylresorcinols of 19.7 mg (10.8-34.6). Lignans made the smallest contribution of 0.50 mg (0.13-0.87). Higher polyphenol intakes were associated with higher relative socio-economic advantage and prudent lifestyles, including lower body mass index (BMI), non-smoking and higher physical activity scores. The findings based on polyphenol data specifically matched to the FFQ provide new information on intakes of cereal polyphenols, and how they might vary according to lifestyle and demographic factors.

SUBMITTER: Vingrys K

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10220042 | biostudies-literature | 2023 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Estimated dietary intake of polyphenols from cereal foods and associated lifestyle and demographic factors in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study.

Vingrys Kristina K Mathai Michael L ML Apostolopoulos Vasso V Bassett Julie K JK de Courten Maximilian M Stojanovska Lily L Millar Lynne L Giles Graham G GG Milne Roger L RL Hodge Allison M AM McAinch Andrew J AJ

Scientific reports 20230526 1

Cereal foods are consumed globally and are important sources of polyphenols with potential health benefits, yet dietary intakes are unclear. We aimed to calculate the dietary intakes of polyphenols from cereal foods in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS), and describe intakes by demographic and lifestyle factors. We estimated intakes of alkylresorcinols, lignans and phenolic acids in n = 39,892 eligible MCCS participants, using baseline dietary data (1990-1994) from a 121-item FFQ co ...[more]

PMID: 37237174

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Project description:BackgroundForest cover has been associated with higher dietary diversity and better diet quality in Africa. Anemia prevalence among women of reproductive age in sub-Saharan Africa is very high and diet is one known contributor of a high prevalence rate. We investigated whether living in communities with high forest cover was associated with better diet quality and lower anemia prevalence among women of reproductive age in Southwest Cameroon.MethodologyWe conducted a cross-sectional survey of 247 women of reproductive age from four forest-based villages (n = 126) and four non-forest villages (n = 121). We assessed the Hemoglobin (Hb) levels, anthropometric status, and diet (by 24-hour recall), as well as anemia-related morbidity and socio-demographic characteristics. Differences between groups were assessed with Pearson's chi-square and independent T-tests. We used a number of multivariate regression models to estimate the impacts of forest proximity on adjusted hemoglobin status of women of reproductive age, as well as to identify the most likely pathway through which forest proximity was important.ResultsWe found that women living in forest communities had higher adjusted hemoglobin levels (mean hemoglobin concentration 11.10±1.53 g/dl vs.10.68±1.55g/dl; p = 0.03 for women forest and non-forest communities respectively). Moderate to severe anemia prevalence was significantly higher in women living in the non-forest villages compared to women in forest villages (forest 63% vs. 73%; p = 0.04). Compared with women from non-forest villages, women from forest-based villages had consumed significantly more vitamin A rich fruits and vegetables and animal source foods, and more of these came from the forest (as opposed to the farm or purchased sources). We found that the consumption of Gnetum africanum (Eru), a leafy green vegetable that grows in forests of the Congo Basis, was best able to account for the higher levels of adjusted hemoglobin in women in forest communities.ConclusionThis study contributes to the growing evidence that in some circumstances, forests make important contributions to diet quality and nutrition. The results of this study suggest that plant foods from the forest may make important contributions to iron intake and reduce the risk of anemia in women. Efforts to prevent forest loss and maintain ecosystem services are warranted to enhance nutrition and health of forest-based communities.

Project description:ImportanceDietary proteins, such as gluten, have been suggested as triggers of the disease process in type 1 diabetes (T1D).ObjectiveTo study the associations of cereal, gluten, and dietary fiber intake with the development of islet autoimmunity (IA) and T1D.Design, setting, and participantsThe prospective birth cohort Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention Study recruited children with genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes from September 1996 to September 2004 from 2 university hospitals in Finland and followed up every 3 to 12 months up to 6 years for diet, islet autoantibodies, and T1D. Altogether 6081 infants (78% of those invited) participated in the study. Dietary data were available for 5714 children (94.0%) and dietary and IA data were available for 5545 children (91.2%), of whom 3762 (68%) had data on islet autoantibodies up to age 6 years. Information on T1D was available for all children. Data were analyzed in 2018 and end point data were updated in 2015.ExposuresEach child's intake of cereals, gluten, and dietary fiber was calculated from repeated 3-day food records up to 6 years.Main outcomes and measuresIslet autoimmunity was defined as repeated positivity for islet cell antibodies and at least 1 biochemical autoantibody of 3 analyzed, or T1D. Data on the diagnosis of T1D were obtained from Finnish Pediatric Diabetes Register.ResultsOf 5545 children (2950 boys [53.2%]), 246 (4.4%) developed IA and of 5714 children (3033 boys [53.1%]), 90 (1.6%) developed T1D during the 6-year follow-up. Based on joint models, the intake of oats (hazard ratio [HR], 1.08; 95% CI, 1.03-1.13), wheat (HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.03-1.15), rye (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.03-1.23), gluten-containing cereals (HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.03-1.11), gluten without avenin from oats (HR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.40-3.57), gluten with avenin (HR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.45-2.92), and dietary fiber (HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.10-1.81) was associated with the risk of developing IA (HRs for 1 g/MJ increase in intake). The intake of oats (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.00-1.21) and rye (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.03-1.41) was associated with the risk of developing T1D. After multiple testing correction, the associations with IA remained statistically significant.Conclusions and relevanceA high intake of oats, gluten-containing cereals, gluten, and dietary fiber was associated with an increased risk of IA. Further studies are needed to confirm or rule out the findings and study potential mechanisms.

Dataset Information

Estimated dietary intake of polyphenols from cereal foods and associated lifestyle and demographic factors in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study.

Publications

Estimated dietary intake of polyphenols from cereal foods and associated lifestyle and demographic factors in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study.

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