Dataset Information

Diversity of the Pacific Ocean coral reef microbiome.

ABSTRACT: Coral reefs are among the most diverse ecosystems on Earth. They support high biodiversity of multicellular organisms that strongly rely on associated microorganisms for health and nutrition. However, the extent of the coral reef microbiome diversity and its distribution at the oceanic basin-scale remains to be explored. Here, we systematically sampled 3 coral morphotypes, 2 fish species, and planktonic communities in 99 reefs from 32 islands across the Pacific Ocean, to assess reef microbiome composition and biogeography. We show a very large richness of reef microorganisms compared to other environments, which extrapolated to all fishes and corals of the Pacific, approximates the current estimated total prokaryotic diversity for the entire Earth. Microbial communities vary among and within the 3 animal biomes (coral, fish, plankton), and geographically. For corals, the cross-ocean patterns of diversity are different from those known for other multicellular organisms. Within each coral morphotype, community composition is always determined by geographic distance first, both at the island and across ocean scale, and then by environment. Our unprecedented sampling effort of coral reef microbiomes, as part of the Tara Pacific expedition, provides new insight into the global microbial diversity, the factors driving their distribution, and the biocomplexity of reef ecosystems.

SUBMITTER: Galand PE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10235103 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Diversity of the Pacific Ocean coral reef microbiome.

Galand Pierre E PE Ruscheweyh Hans-Joachim HJ Salazar Guillem G Hochart Corentin C Henry Nicolas N Hume Benjamin C C BCC Oliveira Pedro H PH Perdereau Aude A Labadie Karine K Belser Caroline C Boissin Emilie E Romac Sarah S Poulain Julie J Bourdin Guillaume G Iwankow Guillaume G Moulin Clémentine C Armstrong Eric J EJ Paz-García David A DA Ziegler Maren M Agostini Sylvain S Banaigs Bernard B Boss Emmanuel E Bowler Chris C de Vargas Colomban C Douville Eric E Flores Michel M Forcioli Didier D Furla Paola P Gilson Eric E Lombard Fabien F Pesant Stéphane S Reynaud Stéphanie S Thomas Olivier P OP Troublé Romain R Zoccola Didier D Voolstra Christian R CR Thurber Rebecca Vega RV Sunagawa Shinichi S Wincker Patrick P Allemand Denis D Planes Serge S

Nature communications 20230601 1

Coral reefs are among the most diverse ecosystems on Earth. They support high biodiversity of multicellular organisms that strongly rely on associated microorganisms for health and nutrition. However, the extent of the coral reef microbiome diversity and its distribution at the oceanic basin-scale remains to be explored. Here, we systematically sampled 3 coral morphotypes, 2 fish species, and planktonic communities in 99 reefs from 32 islands across the Pacific Ocean, to assess reef microbiome c ...[more]

PMID: 37264002

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Project description:Coral reefs are the most diverse habitats in the marine realm. Their productivity, structural complexity, and biodiversity critically depend on ecosystem services provided by corals that are threatened because of climate change effects-in particular, ocean warming and acidification. The coral holobiont is composed of the coral animal host, endosymbiotic dinoflagellates, associated viruses, bacteria, and other microeukaryotes. In particular, the mandatory photosymbiosis with microalgae of the family Symbiodiniaceae and its consequences on the evolution, physiology, and stress resilience of the coral holobiont have yet to be fully elucidated. The functioning of the holobiont as a whole is largely unknown, although bacteria and viruses are presumed to play roles in metabolic interactions, immunity, and stress tolerance. In the context of climate change and anthropogenic threats on coral reef ecosystems, the Tara Pacific project aims to provide a baseline of the "-omics" complexity of the coral holobiont and its ecosystem across the Pacific Ocean and for various oceanographically distinct defined areas. Inspired by the previous Tara Oceans expeditions, the Tara Pacific expedition (2016-2018) has applied a pan-ecosystemic approach on coral reefs throughout the Pacific Ocean, drawing an east-west transect from Panama to Papua New Guinea and a south-north transect from Australia to Japan, sampling corals throughout 32 island systems with local replicates. Tara Pacific has developed and applied state-of-the-art technologies in very-high-throughput genetic sequencing and molecular analysis to reveal the entire microbial and chemical diversity as well as functional traits associated with coral holobionts, together with various measures on environmental forcing. This ambitious project aims at revealing a massive amount of novel biodiversity, shedding light on the complex links between genomes, transcriptomes, metabolomes, organisms, and ecosystem functions in coral reefs and providing a reference of the biological state of modern coral reefs in the Anthropocene.

Dataset Information

Diversity of the Pacific Ocean coral reef microbiome.

Publications

Diversity of the Pacific Ocean coral reef microbiome.

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