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Palladium encapsulated mesoporous silica nanoparticles for the rapid detection of analytes.

ABSTRACT: We designed a simple, inexpensive, and user-friendly assay using mesoporous silica nanoparticles to detect analytes. Highly stable and uniform palladium nanoparticles covered with mesoporous silica (Pd@mSiO₂) were generated and characterized extensively using physical methods. Human Serum Albumin (HSA) protein or ssDNA specific to the HIV gag region was capped onto the Pd@mSiO₂ electrostatically. This "cap" prevented the Pd(0) inside the mesoporous silica nanoparticles from catalyzing the conversion of non-fluorescent molecules to fluorescent molecules. In the presence of target anti-HSA antibodies or complementary sequence (HIV gag), HSA protein or DNA cap dissociated from the surface of Pd@mSiO₂-NH₂ through the specific antigen-antibody reaction or DNA hybridization, allowing Pd(0) to convert the non-fluorescent molecules to fluorescent molecules. The limit and range of detection of anti-HSA antibodies were 3.8 nM and 3.8 nM to 133.3 nM, respectively. The limit and range of detection of HIV gag were 1.6 nM and 1.6 nM to 15 nM, respectively. This simple, inexpensive, "add sample and measure" diagnostic assay could potentially be incorporated into point of care diagnostics for low-resource settings.

SUBMITTER: Jia T

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10259872 | biostudies-literature | 2023 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Palladium encapsulated mesoporous silica nanoparticles for the rapid detection of analytes.

Jia Tianwei T Luo Ying Y Sheng Xiaolin X Fang Jieqiong J Merlin Didier D Iyer Suri S SS

The Analyst 20230502 9

We designed a simple, inexpensive, and user-friendly assay using mesoporous silica nanoparticles to detect analytes. Highly stable and uniform palladium nanoparticles covered with mesoporous silica (Pd@mSiO<sub>2</sub>) were generated and characterized extensively using physical methods. Human Serum Albumin (HSA) protein or ssDNA specific to the HIV gag region was capped onto the Pd@mSiO<sub>2</sub> electrostatically. This "cap" prevented the Pd(0) inside the mesoporous silica nanoparticles from ...[more]

PMID: 36988972

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Project description:Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are extensively used in bone tissue regeneration and local drug delivery. However, the effects of MSNs alone on osteoclast formation and function, as well as the utilization of MSNs to deliver natural molecules against bone resorption, remain unexplored. Here, we report the development of licorice-derived bioactive flavonoid isoliquiritigenin (ISL)-encapsulated MSNs (MSNs-ISL) as a potent bone-bioresponsive nanoencapsulation system for prevention of osteoclast-mediated bone loss in vitro and in vivo. Methods: We synthesized MSNs-ISL and then investigated the drug loading and release characteristics of the resulting nanoparticles. In vitro experiments on osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption were performed using mouse primary bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs). In vivo animal experiments were conducted using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated calvarial bone erosion model. Results: The resulting MSNs-ISL were spherical and highly monodispersed; they possessed a large specific surface area and superior biocompatibility, and allowed acid-sensitive sustained drug release. Compared with free ISL and MSNs alone, MSNs-ISL significantly and additively inhibited receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast generation, decreased the size and quantity of sealing zones, and reduced the osteolytic capacity of osteoclasts in vitro. MSNs-ISL treatment also downregulated RANKL-stimulated mRNA expression of osteoclast-associated genes and transcription factors. Mechanistically, MSNs-ISL remarkably attenuated the RANKL-initiated expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor of κBα (IκBα), together with the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65 and the activator protein (AP)-1 component c-Fos. Moreover, MSNs-ISL almost completely restrained the expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATc1). Consistent with the in vitro results, MSNs-ISL could block osteoclast activity; relieve inflammation-related calvarial bone destruction in vivo; and suppress c-Fos, NFATc1, and cathepsin K expression levels. Conclusion: Licorice ISL-encapsulated MSNs exhibit notable anti-osteoclastogenetic effects and protect against inflammatory bone destruction. Our findings reveal the feasibility of applying MSNs-ISL as an effective natural product-based bone-bioresponsive nanoencapsulation system to prevent osteoclast-mediated bone loss.

Project description:BackgroundMesoporous silica (MPS) nanoparticles (NPs), which have a unique pore structure and extremely large surface area and pore volume, have received much attention because of their biomedical application potential. Using MPS NPs for biomedical devices requires the verification of their biocompatibility because the surface area of NPs is one of the most important determinants of toxicity, including the cellular uptake and immune response. We have previously reported that the cytotoxicity and inflammation potential of MPS NPs have been shown to be lower than those of general amorphous colloidal silica (Col) NPs in macrophages, but the low cytotoxicity does not guarantee high biocompatibility in vivo. In this study, we compared the in vivo immunotoxicity of MPS and Col NPs in the mouse model to define the effects of pore structural conditions of silica NPs.Materials and methodsBoth MPS and Col NPs (2, 20, and 50 mg/kg/day) were intraperitoneally administered in female BALB/c mice for 4 weeks, and clinical toxicity, lymphocyte population, serum IgG/IgM levels, and histological changes were examined.ResultsThere was no overt sign of clinical toxicity in either MPS- or Col-treated mice. However, MPS NPs led to significant increases in liver and spleen weight and splenocyte proliferation. Mice treated with MPS NPs showed altered lymphocyte populations (CD3(+), CD45(+), CD4(+), and CD8(+)) in the spleen, increased serum IgG and IgM levels, and histological changes. Despite slight changes in lymphocyte populations in the spleen, Col NPs did not alter other immunological factors.ConclusionThe results indicate that in vivo exposure to MPS NPs caused more damage to systemic immunity than that of Col NPs through the dysregulation of the spleen. The results for in vivo data are inconsistent with those for in vitro data, which show lower cytotoxicity for MPS NPs. These results suggest the importance of verifying biocompatibility both in vitro and in vivo during the design of new nanomaterials.

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Palladium encapsulated mesoporous silica nanoparticles for the rapid detection of analytes.

Publications

Palladium encapsulated mesoporous silica nanoparticles for the rapid detection of analytes.

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