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Effect of Culturally Adapted Dental Visual Aids on Anxiety Levels in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

ABSTRACT: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prevalence has risen dramatically in recent decades; it is now common for children with ASD to seek dental care. Because their distinct behavioral patterns prevent them from receiving dental care in a traditional dental clinic, structured dental visual aids are required to help prepare them for their dental appointment. This study aimed to test the effect of "culturally adapted dental visual aids" in decreasing anxiety levels during dental visits in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A randomized, controlled, blinded clinical trial was performed. Sixty-four children with ASD ages 6-12 years were assigned randomly into test and control groups based on the type of dental visual aids they received. The test group received "culturally adapted dental visual aids" created especially for the study, and the control group received "regular dental visual aids". Anxiety levels were assessed before and after using both dental visual aids. All data were processed using SPSS version 25.0. The test group had a significant decrease in anxiety levels compared to the control group (p < 0.001). The "culturally adapted dental visual aids" have effectively reduced anxiety levels in children with ASD during dental visits.

SUBMITTER: Aljubour A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10297060 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Effect of Culturally Adapted Dental Visual Aids on Anxiety Levels in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Aljubour Ala A AbdElBaki Medhat M El Meligy Omar O Al-Jabri Basma B Sabbagh Heba H

Children (Basel, Switzerland) 20230609 6

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prevalence has risen dramatically in recent decades; it is now common for children with ASD to seek dental care. Because their distinct behavioral patterns prevent them from receiving dental care in a traditional dental clinic, structured dental visual aids are required to help prepare them for their dental appointment. This study aimed to test the effect of "culturally adapted dental visual aids" in decreasing anxiety levels during dental visits in children with a ...[more]

PMID: 37371271

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Project description:ImportanceIt is critical to evaluate the risk of comorbid psychiatric diagnoses to meet the needs of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).ObjectiveTo examine whether individuals with ASD are at greater risk for comorbid diagnoses of depression, anxiety, or bipolar disorder.Design, setting, and participantsThis cohort study used data from a population-based birth cohort of 31 220 individuals born in Olmsted County, Minnesota, from January 1, 1976, to December 31, 2000. Patients with research-identified ASD were previously identified using a multistep process that evaluated signs and symptoms abstracted from medical and educational records. For each of the 1014 patients with ASD, 2 age- and sex-matched referents who did not meet criteria for ASD were randomly selected from the birth cohort (n = 2028). Diagnosis codes for anxiety, depression, and bipolar disorders were electronically obtained using the Rochester Epidemiological Project records-linkage system. Data analysis was performed from July 1, 2018, to April 1, 2019.Main outcomes and measuresCumulative incidence of clinically diagnosed depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder through early adulthood in individuals with ASD compared with referents.ResultsA total of 1014 patients with ASD (median age at last follow-up, 22.8 years [interquartile range, 18.4-28.0 years]; 747 [73.7%] male; 902 [89.0%] white) and 2028 referents (median age at last follow-up, 22.4 years [interquartile range, 18.8-26.2 years]; 1494 [73.7%] male; 1780 [87.8%] white) participated in the study. Patients with ASD were significantly more likely to have clinically diagnosed bipolar disorder (hazard ratio [HR], 9.34; 95% CI, 4.57-19.06), depression (HR, 2.81; 95% CI, 2.45-3.22), and anxiety (HR, 3.45; 95% CI, 2.96-4.01) compared with referents. Among individuals with ASD, the estimates of cumulative incidence by 30 years of age were 7.3% (95% CI, 4.8%-9.7%) for bipolar disorder, 54.1% (95% CI, 49.8%-58.0%) for depression, and 50.0% (95% CI, 46.0%-53.7%) for anxiety. Among referents, cumulative incidence estimates by 30 years of age were 0.9% (95% CI, 0.1%-1.7%) for bipolar disorder, 28.9% (95% CI, 25.7%-32.0%) for depression, and 22.2% (95% CI, 19.3%-25.0%) for anxiety.Conclusions and relevanceThe findings suggest that individuals with ASD may be at increased risk for clinically diagnosed depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder compared with age- and sex-matched referents. This study supports the importance of early, ongoing surveillance and targeted treatments to address the psychiatric needs of individuals with ASD.

Dataset Information

Effect of Culturally Adapted Dental Visual Aids on Anxiety Levels in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Publications

Effect of Culturally Adapted Dental Visual Aids on Anxiety Levels in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

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