Healthy Behavior and Sports Drinks: A Systematic Review.
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SUBMITTER: Munoz-Urtubia N
PROVIDER: S-EPMC10346316 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jun
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Healthy Behavior and Sports Drinks: A Systematic Review.
Muñoz-Urtubia Nicolás N Vega-Muñoz Alejandro A Estrada-Muñoz Carla C Salazar-Sepúlveda Guido G Contreras-Barraza Nicolás N Castillo Dante D
Nutrients 20230627 13
This review article aims to systematically identify the relationship between sports drinks and healthy behavior. This systematic literature review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline criteria, and eligibility criteria were established using the PICOS tool (population, interventions, comparators, outcomes, and study) from about 1000 records of sports drinks articles identified in the various Web of Science Core Colle ...[more]
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Project description:Background/objectivesDental erosion occurs due to repeated contact between the teeth and acidic substances along with mechanical stress. Athletes are exposed to acids through the consumption of sports drinks, energy drinks, and isotonic solutions; they also undergo mechanical stress during training and competition, making them prone to a higher prevalence of dental erosion. Therefore, our aim was to determine the erosive potential of beverages consumed by athletes.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of 1466 articles found on nine search engines between 1997 and 2021. We included observational studies and clinical trials in English, Portuguese, and Spanish on beverage consumption in athletes of both genders.ResultsA total of four studies involving 567 athletes from four countries were identified. The prevalence of dental erosion ranged from 19.4% to 100%, and the severity assessments showed that between 52.4% and 75.2% of athletes had enamel affected, and 24% to 57.1% had both enamel and dentin affected. Only one study found that the consumption of sports drinks by swimmers practicing in chlorinated pools doubles the risk of developing dental erosion. Bias was low in half of the studies.ConclusionsThe available evidence suggests that the consumption of sports drinks alone is not associated with dental erosion. However, to establish more conclusive evidence on the erosive potential of sports drinks, energy drinks, and isotonic solutions on the oral health of athletes, more prospective cohort studies are needed. These studies should include a standardization of indices and variables to which athletes are subjected, including dietary and healthcare habits, oral conditions, and protective factors. Furthermore, a larger number of athletes must be included to establish more conclusive evidence on the erosive potential of sports drinks, energy drinks, and isotonic solutions on athletes' oral health.
| S-EPMC11820644 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background: This study examines the effects of sports drinks ingestion during high-intensity exercise for carbohydrate oxidation rate (CHO-O) among athletes. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library were searched for available papers published up to November 2019. The primary outcome is the carbohydrate oxidation rate (CHO-O), and the secondary outcome is the fat oxidation rate (Fat-O). Statistical heterogeneity among the included studies was evaluated using Cochran's Q test and the I2 index. The random-effects model was used for all analyses, regardless of the I2 index. Results: Five studies are included, with a total of 58 participants (range, 8-14/study). All five studies are randomized crossover trials. Compared to the control beverages, sports drinks have no impact on the CHO-O of athletes [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 0.29; 95% CI, -0.06 to 0.65, P = 0.106; I2 = 97.4%, P < 0.001] and on the Fat-O of athletes (WMD = -0.074; 95% CI, -0.19 to 0.06, P = 0.297; I2 = 97.5%, P < 0.001). Carbohydrate-electrolyte solutions increase CHO-O (WMD = 0.47; 95% CI, 0.08-0.87, P = 0.020; I2 = 97.8%, P < 0.001) but not Fat-O (WMD = -0.14; 95% CI, -0.31 to 0.03, P = 0.103; I2 = 98.2%, P < 0.001). Caffeine has a borderline effect on Fat-O (WMD = 0.05; 95% CI, 0.00-0.10, P = 0.050). Conclusions: Compared with the control beverages, sports drinks show no significant improvement in CHO-O and Fat-O in athletes. Carbohydrate-electrolyte solutions increase CHO-O in athletes but not Fat-O.
| S-EPMC7759561 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Prosocial behavior plays a key role in interpersonal relationships during the growth of children and adolescents. Good prosocial behavior is the foundation for the healthy development of children and adolescents. In recent years, the role played by some sports activities in children and adolescents' prosocial behaviors has attracted much attention. However, the effects of physical activity on prosocial behavior have not been summarized.ObjectiveWe aimed to clarify the role of sports activities in children and adolescents' prosocial behaviors.MethodsWe searched databases for 27 interventional studies on the influence of sports activities on children and adolescents' prosocial behaviors published in peer-reviewed English journals. Subsequently, inductive, summary, analytical, and evaluation methods were used to systematically analyze and evaluate the literature.ResultsSports activities can improve children and adolescents' prosocial behaviors. Different sports activities also influence children and adolescents' prosocial behaviors differently. Moreover, sports activities can improve the prosocial behaviors of children and adolescents with special educational needs.ConclusionThis review demonstrates that sports activities improve the prosocial behavior of children and adolescents. At the same time, we find that children and adolescents with special educational needs should be allowed to participate in more sports activities.
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Project description:The high prevalence of traumatic brain injuries (TBI) among adolescents has brought much focus to this area in recent years. Sports injuries have been identified as a main mechanism. Although energy drinks, including those mixed with alcohol, are often used by young athletes and other adolescents they have not been examined in relation to TBI.We report on the prevalence of adolescent TBI and its associations with energy drinks, alcohol and energy drink mixed in with alcohol consumption.Data were derived from the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health's 2013 Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey (OSDUHS). This population-based cross-sectional school survey included 10,272 7th to 12th graders (ages 11-20) who completed anonymous self-administered questionnaires in classrooms.Mild to severe TBI were defined as those resulting in a loss of consciousness for at least five minutes, or being hospitalized for at least one night. Mechanism of TBI, prevalence estimates of TBI, and odds of energy drink consumption, alcohol use, and consumption of energy drinks mixed with alcohol are assessed.Among all students, 22.4% (95% CI: 20.7, 24.1) reported a history of TBI. Sports injuries remain the main mechanism of a recent (past year) TBI (45.5%, 95% CI: 41.0, 50.1). Multinomial logistic regression showed that relative to adolescents who never sustained a TBI, the odds of sustaining a recent TBI were greater for those consuming alcohol, energy drinks, and energy drinks mixed in with alcohol than abstainers. Odds ratios were higher for these behaviors among students who sustained a recent TBI than those who sustained a former TBI (lifetime but not past 12 months). Relative to recent TBI due to other causes of injury, adolescents who sustained a recent TBI while playing sports had higher odds of recent energy drinks consumption than abstainers.TBI remains a disabling and common condition among adolescents and the consumption of alcohol, energy drinks, and alcohol mixed with energy drinks further increase the odds of TBI among adolescents. These associations warrant further investigation.
| S-EPMC4572704 | biostudies-other
Project description:The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and behavior of university athletes in Saudi Arabia regarding energy drinks (EDs) and sports drinks (SDs). In addition, the microbiological quality of available local drinks was also assessed. The presence of total bacterial coliform count, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus on these drinks was also determined. Of the 120 university athletes surveyed, 69 were currently using SDs, and 51 were using EDs. The study consisted of a 10-question survey assessing the athletes’ sociodemographic characteristics, personal habits, and SD- and ED-related knowledge and habits. With regard to the question about the primary reason for using EDs, n = 26 respondents (50.98%) reported that providing energy (speed, strength, and power) was the main reason for consuming these beverages. Conversely, n = 25 respondents (36.23%) believed that recovery from injury or illnesses was the main reason for the consumption of SDs. A majority of university athletes (n = 43, 62.32%) who used SDs believed that SDs were safe to use, while n = 22 respondents (43.14%) were unaware of any adverse health effects associated with the consumption of EDs. Of the total of 26 SDs and EDs tested, microbial contamination was present in only two products. Microbial levels and the total bacterial count for most of the samples were very low (<1 log CFU/mL). However, some drinks had a slightly higher microbial level, which could be harmful or cause spoilage with improper storage. Thus, our findings suggest that improvements in microbial quality are needed for these beverages.
| S-EPMC6162758 | biostudies-other
Project description:Reviewing 60 studies on natural gaze behavior in sports, it becomes clear that, over the last 40 years, the use of eye-tracking devices has considerably increased. Specifically, this review reveals the large variance of methods applied, analyses performed, and measures derived within the field. The results of sub-sample analyses suggest that sports-related eye-tracking research strives, on the one hand, for ecologically valid test settings (i.e., viewing conditions and response modes), while on the other, for experimental control along with high measurement accuracy (i.e., controlled test conditions with high-frequency eye-trackers linked to algorithmic analyses). To meet both demands, some promising compromises of methodological solutions have been proposed-in particular, the integration of robust mobile eye-trackers in motion-capture systems. However, as the fundamental trade-off between laboratory and field research cannot be solved by technological means, researchers need to carefully weigh the arguments for one or the other approach by accounting for the respective consequences. Nevertheless, for future research on dynamic gaze behavior in sports, further development of the current mobile eye-tracking methodology seems highly advisable to allow for the acquisition and algorithmic analyses of larger amounts of gaze-data and further, to increase the explanatory power of the derived results.
| S-EPMC5651090 | biostudies-other
Project description:The consumption of energy drinks (e.g., containing caffeine and taurine) has increased over the last decade among adolescents and athletes to enhance their cognitive level and improve intellectual and athletic performance. Numerous studies have shown that drinking moderate doses of such drinks produces beneficial effects, as they considerably boost the sporting performance of elite athletes in various sports, including both endurance and explosive events. However, apart from their ergogenic effects, the regular consumption of energy drinks also increases blood pressure and consequently incites problems such as hypertension, tachycardia, and nervousness, all of which can lead to cardiovascular disorders. A potential positive correlation between genetics and the moderate consumption of energy drinks and athletic performance has recently been reported; notwithstanding, a better understanding of the genetic variants involved in metabolism is a key area for future research to optimize the dose of energy drink consumed and obtain the maximal ergogenic effect in elite sports. The aim of this literature review, therefore, is to present the results of recent studies, classifying them according to the differences in the associations between energy drinks and: (i) Athletic performance; (ii) cardiovascular risk factors while practicing sports; and (iii) genetic associations and future prospects between the consumption of energy drinks and performance.
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Project description:ContextParticipation in sports is associated with a risk of sports-related health problems. For athletes with an impairment, sports-related health problems further burden an already restricted lifestyle, underlining the importance of prevention strategies in para-sports.ObjectiveTo provide a comprehensive overview with quality assessment of the literature on sports-related health problems, their etiology, and available preventive measures in para-sports following the steps of the Sequence of Prevention.Data sourcesA literature search (in PubMed, Embase, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library) was performed up to December 8, 2021, in collaboration with a medical information specialist.Study selectionThe search yielded 3006 articles, of which 64 met all inclusion criteria.Study designSystematic review with quality assessment.Level of evidenceLevel 3.Data extractionTwo independent researchers carried out the screening process and quality assessment. One researcher extracted data, and the Sequence of Prevention categorized evidence.ResultsA total of 64 studies were included, of which 61 reported on the magnitude and risk factors of sports-related health problems, while only 3 reported on the effectiveness of preventive measures. Of these, 30 studies were of high quality. Most studies (84%) included elite-level athletes. The reported injury incidence varied widely between sports (0-91 per 1000 athlete days) and impairment categories (1-50 per 1000 athlete days). The same applies to illness incidence with regard to different sports (3-49 per 1000 athlete days) and impairment categories (6-14 per 1000 athlete days).ConclusionThis review shows the current vast range of reported sport-related health problems in para-sports. There is limited evidence concerning the severity of these sports-related health problems and inconclusive evidence on the risk factors. Lastly, the evidence regarding the development and effectiveness of preventive measures for para-athletes is sparse.
| S-EPMC11195855 | biostudies-literature
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| S-EPMC11850953 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This paper aims to investigate and analyze the correlation between diaphragmatic parameters through ultrasonography and sports performance in various sports disciplines. This systematic review followed the PRISMA methodology. The search strategy was applied in the Medline database through Ovid, EMBASE, LILACS, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Open Gray. Clinical trials, cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies were included, and animal experiments were excluded. A total of 388 studies were identified. After removing duplicates and screening titles and abstracts, sixteen studies were selected for full review, and six were included in the qualitative analysis. The results demonstrated a positive correlation between diaphragm excursion and thickness during inspiration with the anaerobic power, highlighting their importance in high-intensity performance. Additionally, one study reported a positive correlation between diaphragm thickness and aerobic power, suggesting the need for further research. The impact of inspiratory muscle training in Paralympic athletes was also evaluated, providing valuable insights into diaphragmatic adaptation in disabled populations. Ultrasonography is a feasible tool for evaluating the structure and function of the diaphragm, the main element of the respiratory process during sports practice. Its use could contribute to the evaluation and planning of sports training and be a possible indicator of performance improvement.
| S-EPMC11508651 | biostudies-literature