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Implant-to-implant wireless networking with metamaterial textiles.

ABSTRACT: Implanted bioelectronic devices can form distributed networks capable of sensing health conditions and delivering therapy throughout the body. Current clinically-used approaches for wireless communication, however, do not support direct networking between implants because of signal losses from absorption and reflection by the body. As a result, existing examples of such networks rely on an external relay device that needs to be periodically recharged and constitutes a single point of failure. Here, we demonstrate direct implant-to-implant wireless networking at the scale of the human body using metamaterial textiles. The textiles facilitate non-radiative propagation of radio-frequency signals along the surface of the body, passively amplifying the received signal strength by more than three orders of magnitude (>30 dB) compared to without the textile. Using a porcine model, we demonstrate closed-loop control of the heart rate by wirelessly networking a loop recorder and a vagus nerve stimulator at more than 40 cm distance. Our work establishes a wireless technology to directly network body-integrated devices for precise and adaptive bioelectronic therapies.

SUBMITTER: Tian X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10356940 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Implant-to-implant wireless networking with metamaterial textiles.

Tian Xi X Zeng Qihang Q Kurt Selman A SA Li Renee R RR Nguyen Dat T DT Xiong Ze Z Li Zhipeng Z Yang Xin X Xiao Xiao X Wu Changsheng C Tee Benjamin C K BCK Nikolayev Denys D Charles Christopher J CJ Ho John S JS

Nature communications 20230719 1

Implanted bioelectronic devices can form distributed networks capable of sensing health conditions and delivering therapy throughout the body. Current clinically-used approaches for wireless communication, however, do not support direct networking between implants because of signal losses from absorption and reflection by the body. As a result, existing examples of such networks rely on an external relay device that needs to be periodically recharged and constitutes a single point of failure. He ...[more]

PMID: 37468458

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Project description:Background/objectiveCentral venous pressure (CVP) serves as a surrogate for right atrial pressure, and thus could potentially predict a wider range of heart failure conditions. The purpose of this work is to assess CVP, through an implantable sensor incorporated with a novel anchor design, in the inferior and superior vena cava of an animal model.MethodsTwo animals (Dorset sheep) were implanted with sensors at 3 different locations: inferior vena cava (IVC), superior vena cava (SVC), and pulmonary artery (PA). Two sensors with distinct anchor designs considering anatomical requirements were used. A standard PA sensor (trade name Cordella) was deployed in the PA and SVC, whereas a sensor with a modified cylindrical anchor with various struts was designed to reside in the IVC. Each implant was calibrated against a Millar catheter reference sensor. The ability of the central venous sensors to detect changes in pressure was evaluated by modifying the fluid volume of the animal.ResultsThe sensors implanted in both sheep were successful, which provided an opportunity to understand the relationship between PA and CVP via simultaneous readings. The mapping and implantation in the IVC took less than 15 minutes. Multiple readings were taken at each implant location using a hand-held reader device under various conditions. CVP recorded in the IVC (6.49 mm Hg) and SVC (6.14 mm Hg) were nearly the same. PA pressure (13-14 mm Hg) measured was higher than CVP, as expected. The SVC waveforms showed clear beats and respiration. Respiration could be seen in the IVC waveforms, but not all beats were easily distinguishable. Both SVC and IVC readings showed increases in pressure (3.7 and 2.7 mm Hg for SVC and IVC, respectively) after fluid overload was induced via extra saline administration.ConclusionIn this work, the feasibility of measuring CVP noninvasively was demonstrated. The established ability of wireless PA pressure sensors to enable prevention of decompensation events weeks ahead can now be explored using central venous versions of such sensors.

Dataset Information

Implant-to-implant wireless networking with metamaterial textiles.

Publications

Implant-to-implant wireless networking with metamaterial textiles.

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