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Electrochemical and electrophysiological considerations for clinical high channel count neural interfaces.

ABSTRACT: Electrophysiological recording and stimulation are the gold standard for functional mapping during surgical and therapeutic interventions as well as capturing cellular activity in the intact human brain. A critical component probing human brain activity is the interface material at the electrode contact that electrochemically transduces brain signals to and from free charge carriers in the measurement system. Here, we summarize state-of-the-art electrode array systems in the context of translation for use in recording and stimulating human brain activity. We leverage parametric studies with multiple electrode materials to shed light on the varied levels of suitability to enable high signal-to-noise electrophysiological recordings as well as safe electrophysiological stimulation delivery. We discuss the effects of electrode scaling for recording and stimulation in pursuit of high spatial resolution, channel count electrode interfaces, delineating the electrode-tissue circuit components that dictate the electrode performance. Finally, we summarize recent efforts in the connectorization and packaging for high channel count electrode arrays and provide a brief account of efforts toward wireless neuronal monitoring systems.

SUBMITTER: Vatsyayan R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10357958 | biostudies-literature | 2023 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Electrochemical and electrophysiological considerations for clinical high channel count neural interfaces.

Vatsyayan Ritwik R Lee Jihwan J Bourhis Andrew M AM Tchoe Youngbin Y Cleary Daniel R DR Tonsfeldt Karen J KJ Lee Keundong K Montgomery-Walsh Rhea R Paulk Angelique C AC U Hoi Sang HS Cash Sydney S SS Dayeh Shadi A SA

MRS bulletin 20230531 5

Electrophysiological recording and stimulation are the gold standard for functional mapping during surgical and therapeutic interventions as well as capturing cellular activity in the intact human brain. A critical component probing human brain activity is the interface material at the electrode contact that electrochemically transduces brain signals to and from free charge carriers in the measurement system. Here, we summarize state-of-the-art electrode array systems in the context of translati ...[more]

PMID: 37476355

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Project description:OBJECTIVE:High channel count electrode arrays allow for the monitoring of large-scale neural activity at high spatial resolution. Implantable arrays featuring many recording sites require compact, high bandwidth front-end electronics. In the present study, we investigated the use of a small, light weight, and low cost digital current-sensing integrated circuit for acquiring cortical surface signals from a 61-channel micro-electrocorticographic (?ECoG) array. APPROACH:We recorded both acute and chronic ?ECoG signal from rat auditory cortex using our novel digital current-sensing headstage. For direct comparison, separate recordings were made in the same anesthetized preparations using an analog voltage headstage. A model of electrode impedance explained the transformation between current- and voltage-sensed signals, and was used to reconstruct cortical potential. We evaluated the digital headstage using several metrics of the baseline and response signals. MAIN RESULTS:The digital current headstage recorded neural signal with similar spatiotemporal statistics and auditory frequency tuning compared to the voltage signal. The signal-to-noise ratio of auditory evoked responses (AERs) was significantly stronger in the current signal. Stimulus decoding based on true and reconstructed voltage signals were not significantly different. Recordings from an implanted system showed AERs that were detectable and decodable for 52 d. The reconstruction filter mitigated the thermal current noise of the electrode impedance and enhanced overall SNR. SIGNIFICANCE:We developed and validated a novel approach to headstage acquisition that used current-input circuits to independently digitize 61 channels of ?ECoG measurements of the cortical field. These low-cost circuits, intended to measure photo-currents in digital imaging, not only provided a signal representing the local cortical field with virtually the same sensitivity and specificity as a traditional voltage headstage but also resulted in a small, light headstage that can easily be scaled to record from hundreds of channels.

Dataset Information

Electrochemical and electrophysiological considerations for clinical high channel count neural interfaces.

Publications

Electrochemical and electrophysiological considerations for clinical high channel count neural interfaces.

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