Dataset Information

Associations Between Parity and Cognition: Race/Ethnic Differences.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Race/ethnicity is associated with differences in reproductive history and cognition individually, yet it remains an understudied factor in the relationship between parity and later-life cognition.

Objective

To evaluate if the association between parity and cognition differs between racial/ethnic groups.

Methods

Participants included 778 older, postmenopausal women from the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (Latina: n = 178, Non-Latino Black [NLB]: n = 169, Non-Latino White [NLW]: n = 431) who self-reported at least one birth. Cognitive outcomes included working memory, learning memory, and verbal fluency. Covariates included age, education, cardiovascular and other reproductive health factors, adult socioeconomic status (SES) and depressive symptoms. We fit a series of linear models to examine a) whether parity was associated with cognitive functioning, b) if this association varied by race/ethnicity through parity by race/ethnicity interactions, and c) individual parity with cognition associations stratified by race/ethnicity.

Results

In the full sample, parity was significantly negatively associated with Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) performance (b = -0.70, p = 0.024) but not Animal Fluency or word-list learning and memory. Tests of race/ethnicity-by-parity interactions were not statistically significant (ps > 0.05). However, stratified analyses by race/ethnicity showed a differential effect of parity on DSST performance, such that parity was significantly negatively associated with DSST performance (b = -1.66, p = 0.007) among Latinas but not in NLWs (b = -0.16, p = 0.74) or NLBs (b = -0.81, p = 0.191).

Conclusion

Among Latina, but not NLB or NLW women, greater parity was associated with worse processing speed/executive functioning later in life. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms driving racial/ethnic differences.

SUBMITTER: Araujo-Menendez CEE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10473123 | biostudies-literature | 2023

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Associations Between Parity and Cognition: Race/Ethnic Differences.

Araujo-Menendez Carlos E E CEE Saelzler Ursula G UG Stickel Ariana M AM Sundermann Erin E EE Banks Sarah J SJ Paipilla Andrea A Barnes McKinna L ML Panizzon Matthew S MS

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD 20230101 3

<h4>Background</h4>Race/ethnicity is associated with differences in reproductive history and cognition individually, yet it remains an understudied factor in the relationship between parity and later-life cognition.<h4>Objective</h4>To evaluate if the association between parity and cognition differs between racial/ethnic groups.<h4>Methods</h4>Participants included 778 older, postmenopausal women from the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (Latina: n = 178, Non-Latino Black [NLB]: n = 169, ...[more]

PMID: 37393496

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Project description:BackgroundThis study examined associations of actigraphy-estimated sleep parameters with concurrent and future cognitive performance in adults aged ≥ 50 years and explored interactions with race.MethodsParticipants were 435 cognitively normal adults in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging who completed wrist actigraphy at baseline (mean = 6.6 nights) and underwent longitudinal testing of memory, attention, executive function, language, and visuospatial ability. On average, participants with follow-up data were followed for 3.1 years. Primary predictors were baseline mean total sleep time, sleep onset latency, sleep efficiency (SE), and wake after sleep onset (WASO). Fully adjusted linear mixed-effects models included demographics, baseline health-related characteristics, smoking status, sleep medication use, APOE e4 carrier status, and interactions of each covariate with time.ResultsIn adjusted models, higher SE (per 10%; B = 0.11, p = .012) and lower WASO (per 30 minutes; B = -0.12, p = .007) were associated with better memory cross-sectionally. In contrast, higher SE was associated with greater visuospatial ability decline longitudinally (B = -0.02, p = .004). Greater WASO was associated with poorer visuospatial ability cross-sectionally (B = -0.09, p = .019) but slower declines in visuospatial abilities longitudinally (B = 0.02, p = .002). Several sleep-cognition cross-sectional and longitudinal associations were stronger in, or limited to, Black participants (compared to White participants).ConclusionsThis study suggests cross-sectional sleep-cognition associations differ across distinct objective sleep parameters and cognitive domains. This study also provides preliminary evidence for racial differences across some sleep-cognition relationships. Unexpected directions of associations between baseline sleep and cognitive performance over time may be attributable to the significant proportion of participants without follow-up data and require further investigation.

Dataset Information

Associations Between Parity and Cognition: Race/Ethnic Differences.

Background

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Associations Between Parity and Cognition: Race/Ethnic Differences.

Similar Datasets

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