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A pattern of cognitive resource disruptions in childhood psychopathology.

ABSTRACT: The Hurst exponent (H) isolated in fractal analyses of neuroimaging time series is implicated broadly in cognition. Within this literature, H is associated with multiple mental disorders, suggesting that H is transdimensionally associated with psychopathology. Here, we unify these results and demonstrate a pattern of decreased H with increased general psychopathology and attention-deficit/hyperactivity factor scores during a working memory task in 1,839 children. This pattern predicts current and future cognitive performance in children and some psychopathology in 703 adults. This pattern also defines psychological and functional axes associating psychopathology with an imbalance in resource allocation between fronto-parietal and sensorimotor regions, driven by reduced resource allocation to fronto-parietal regions. This suggests the hypothesis that impaired working memory function in psychopathology follows from a reduced cognitive resource pool and a reduction in resources allocated to the task at hand.

SUBMITTER: Stier AJ

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10473262 | biostudies-literature | 2023

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A pattern of cognitive resource disruptions in childhood psychopathology.

Stier Andrew J AJ Cardenas-Iniguez Carlos C Kardan Omid O Moore Tyler M TM Meyer Francisco A C FAC Rosenberg Monica D MD Kaczkurkin Antonia N AN Lahey Benjamin B BB Berman Marc G MG

Network neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) 20231001 3

The Hurst exponent (H) isolated in fractal analyses of neuroimaging time series is implicated broadly in cognition. Within this literature, H is associated with multiple mental disorders, suggesting that H is transdimensionally associated with psychopathology. Here, we unify these results and demonstrate a pattern of decreased H with increased general psychopathology and attention-deficit/hyperactivity factor scores during a working memory task in 1,839 children. This ...[more]

PMID: 37781141

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Project description:BackgroundComorbidity between psychopathologies may be attributed to genetic and environmental differences between people as well as causal processes within individuals, where one pathology increases risk for another. Disentangling between-person (co)variance from within-person processes of psychopathology dimensions across childhood may shed light on developmental causes of comorbid mental health problems. Here, we aim to determine whether and to what extent directional relationships between psychopathology dimensions within-person, and between individuals within families, play a role in comorbidity.MethodsWe conducted random intercepts cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) analyses to unravel the longitudinal co-occurrence of child psychopathology dimensions, jointly estimating between-person and within-person processes from childhood to early adolescence (age 7-12). We further developed an extension of the model to estimate sibling effects within-family (wf-RI-CLPM). Analyses were separately conducted in two large population-based cohorts, TEDS and NTR, including parent-rated measures of child problem behaviours based on the SDQ and CBCL scales respectively.ResultsWe found evidence for strong between-person effects underlying the positive intercorrelation between problem behaviours across time. Beyond these time-varying within-person processes accounted for an increasing amount of trait variance, within- and cross-trait, overtime in both cohorts. Lastly, by accommodating family level data, we found evidence for reciprocal directional influences within sib-pairs longitudinally.ConclusionsOur results indicate that within-person processes partly explain the co-occurrence of psychopathology dimensions across childhood, and within sib-pairs. Analyses provided substantive results on developmental processes underlying comorbidity in behavioural problems. Future studies should consider different developmental timeframes to shed more light on the processes contributing to developmental comorbidity.

Dataset Information

A pattern of cognitive resource disruptions in childhood psychopathology.

Publications

A pattern of cognitive resource disruptions in childhood psychopathology.

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