Dataset Information

Brain glucose metabolism in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of ¹⁸FDG-PET studies in schizophrenia.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Impaired brain metabolism may be central to schizophrenia pathophysiology, but the magnitude and consistency of metabolic dysfunction is unknown.

Methods

We searched MEDLINE, PsychINFO and EMBASE between 01/01/1980 and 13/05/2021 for studies comparing regional brain glucose metabolism using ¹⁸FDG-PET, in schizophrenia/first-episode psychosis v. controls. Effect sizes (Hedges g) were pooled using a random-effects model. Primary measures were regional absolute and relative CMRGlu in frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes, basal ganglia and thalamus.

Results

Thirty-six studies (1335 subjects) were included. Frontal absolute glucose metabolism (Hedge's g = -0.74 ± 0.54, p = 0.01; I² = 67%) and metabolism relative to whole brain (g = -0.44 ± 0.34, p = 0.01; I² = 55%) were lower in schizophrenia v. controls with moderate heterogeneity. Absolute frontal metabolism was lower in chronic (g = -1.18 ± 0.73) v. first-episode patients (g = -0.09 ± 0.88) and controls. Medicated patients showed frontal hypometabolism relative to controls (-1.04 ± 0.26) while metabolism in drug-free patients did not differ significantly from controls. There were no differences in parietal, temporal or occipital lobe or thalamic metabolism in schizophrenia v. controls. Excluding outliers, absolute basal ganglia metabolism was lower in schizophrenia v. controls (-0.25 ± 0.24, p = 0.049; I² = 5%). Studies identified reporting voxel-based morphometry measures of absolute ¹⁸FDG uptake (eight studies) were also analysed using signed differential mapping analysis, finding lower ¹⁸FDG uptake in the left anterior cingulate gyrus (Z = -4.143; p = 0.007) and the left inferior orbital frontal gyrus (Z = -4.239; p = 0.02) in schizophrenia.

Conclusions

We report evidence for hypometabolism with large effect sizes in the frontal cortex in schizophrenia without consistent evidence for alterations in other brain regions. Our findings support the hypothesis of hypofrontality in schizophrenia.

SUBMITTER: Townsend L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC10476075 | biostudies-literature | 2023 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Brain glucose metabolism in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of <sup>18</sup>FDG-PET studies in schizophrenia.

Townsend Leigh L Pillinger Toby T Selvaggi Pierluigi P Veronese Mattia M Turkheimer Federico F Howes Oliver O

Psychological medicine 20220622 11

<h4>Background</h4>Impaired brain metabolism may be central to schizophrenia pathophysiology, but the magnitude and consistency of metabolic dysfunction is unknown.<h4>Methods</h4>We searched MEDLINE, PsychINFO and EMBASE between 01/01/1980 and 13/05/2021 for studies comparing regional brain glucose metabolism using <sup>18</sup>FDG-PET, in schizophrenia/first-episode psychosis <i>v.</i> controls. Effect sizes (Hedges <i>g</i>) were pooled using a random-effects model. Primary measures were regi ...[more]

PMID: 35730361

Similar Datasets

Project description:IntroductionAmyloid-β (Aβ) plaques is a significant hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), detectable via amyloid-PET imaging. The Fluorine-18-Fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) PET scan tracks cerebral glucose metabolism, correlated with synaptic dysfunction and disease progression and is complementary for AD diagnosis. Dual-scan acquisitions of amyloid PET allows the possibility to use early-phase amyloid-PET as a biomarker for neurodegeneration, proven to have a good correlation to [18F]FDG PET. The aim of this study was to evaluate the added value of synthesizing the later from the former through deep learning (DL), aiming at reducing the number of PET scans, radiation dose, and discomfort to patients.MethodsA total of 166 subjects including cognitively unimpaired individuals (N = 72), subjects with mild cognitive impairment (N = 73) and dementia (N = 21) were included in this study. All underwent T1-weighted MRI, dual-phase amyloid PET scans using either Fluorine-18 Florbetapir ([18F]FBP) or Fluorine-18 Flutemetamol ([18F]FMM), and an [18F]FDG PET scan. Two transformer-based DL models called SwinUNETR were trained separately to synthesize the [18F]FDG from early phase [18F]FBP and [18F]FMM (eFBP/eFMM). A clinical similarity score (1: no similarity to 3: similar) was assessed to compare the imaging information obtained by synthesized [18F]FDG as well as eFBP/eFMM to actual [18F]FDG. Quantitative evaluations include region wise correlation and single-subject voxel-wise analyses in comparison with a reference [18F]FDG PET healthy control database. Dice coefficients were calculated to quantify the whole-brain spatial overlap between hypometabolic ([18F]FDG PET) and hypoperfused (eFBP/eFMM) binary maps at the single-subject level as well as between [18F]FDG PET and synthetic [18F]FDG PET hypometabolic binary maps.ResultsThe clinical evaluation showed that, in comparison to eFBP/eFMM (average of clinical similarity score (CSS) = 1.53), the synthetic [18F]FDG images are quite similar to the actual [18F]FDG images (average of CSS = 2.7) in terms of preserving clinically relevant uptake patterns. The single-subject voxel-wise analyses showed that at the group level, the Dice scores improved by around 13% and 5% when using the DL approach for eFBP and eFMM, respectively. The correlation analysis results indicated a relatively strong correlation between eFBP/eFMM and [18F]FDG (eFBP: slope = 0.77, R2 = 0.61, P-value < 0.0001); eFMM: slope = 0.77, R2 = 0.61, P-value < 0.0001). This correlation improved for synthetic [18F]FDG (synthetic [18F]FDG generated from eFBP (slope = 1.00, R2 = 0.68, P-value < 0.0001), eFMM (slope = 0.93, R2 = 0.72, P-value < 0.0001)).ConclusionWe proposed a DL model for generating the [18F]FDG from eFBP/eFMM PET images. This method may be used as an alternative for multiple radiotracer scanning in research and clinical settings allowing to adopt the currently validated [18F]FDG PET normal reference databases for data analysis.

Project description:Background18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT is emerging as a tool in the diagnosis and evaluation of pulmonary sarcoidosis, however, there is limited consensus regarding its diagnostic performance and prognostic value.MethodA meta-analysis was conducted with PubMed, Science Direct, MEDLINE, Scopus, and CENTRAL databases searched up to and including September 2023. 1355 studies were screened, with seventeen (n = 708 patients) suitable based on their assessment of the diagnostic performance or prognostic value of FDG-PET/CT. Study quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. Forest plots of pooled sensitivity and specificity were generated to assess diagnostic performance. Pooled changes in SUVmax were correlated with changes in pulmonary function tests (PFT).ResultsFDG-PET/CT in diagnosing suspected pulmonary sarcoidosis (six studies, n = 400) had a pooled sensitivity of 0.971 (95%CI 0.909-1.000, p = < 0.001) and specificity of 0.873 (95%CI 0.845-0.920)(one study, n = 169). Eleven studies for prognostic analysis (n = 308) indicated a pooled reduction in pulmonary SUVmax of 4.538 (95%CI 5.653-3.453, p = < 0.001) post-treatment. PFTs displayed improvement post-treatment with a percentage increase in predicted forced vital capacity (FVC) and diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) of 7.346% (95%CI 2.257-12.436, p = 0.005) and 3.464% (95%CI -0.205-7.132, p = 0.064), respectively. Reduction in SUVmax correlated significantly with FVC (r = 0.644, p < 0.001) and DLCO (r = 0.582, p < 0.001) improvement.ConclusionIn cases of suspected pulmonary sarcoidosis, FDG-PET/CT demonstrated good diagnostic performance and correlated with functional health scores. FDG-PET/CT may help to guide immunosuppression in cases of complex sarcoidosis or where treatment rationalisation is needed.Clinical relevance statementFDG-PET/CT has demonstrated a high diagnostic performance in the evaluation of suspected pulmonary sarcoidosis with radiologically assessed disease activity correlating strongly with clinically derived pulmonary function tests.Key pointsIn diagnosing pulmonary sarcoidosis, FDG-PET/CT had a sensitivity and specificity of 0.971 and 0.873, respectively. Disease activity, as determined by SUVmax, reduced following treatment in all the included studies. Reduction in SUVmax correlated with an improvement in functional vital capacity, Diffusion Capacity of the Lungs for Carbon Monoxide, and subjective health scoring systems.

Project description:BackgroundThe vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is quite common in moyamoya vasculopathy (MMV). However, the abnormality of cerebellar glucose metabolism in MMV and its relationship with patients' neurocognitive performance were few reported.ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between neurocognitive performance and cerebellar glucose metabolism. Furthermore, the cerebellar glucose metabolism changes after combined revascularization surgery were also researched.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography ([18F]FDG PET) images and their neuropsychological scales in 93 eligible MMV patients by comparing their cerebellar standardized uptake values ratio (SUVR) and metabolic covariant network (MCN) among different neurocognitive groups. Then, forty-two MMV patients with VCI who underwent combined revascularization surgery were prospectively observed. According to their neuropsychological performance at 6-month follow-up, these patients were assigned to cognitive improved group (n = 22) and non-improved group (n = 20). The cerebellar SUVR and MCN changes were also analyzed.ResultsSUVR of right Lobule VI/Crus II/VIII decreased when cognitive impairment progression (P < 0.05, Least-Significant Difference [LSD] post hoc analysis). The cerebellar glucose metabolic pattern can be divided into two parts, in which the cerebellar posterior lobe was positively related to patients' neurocognitive performance, while the vermis and anterior lobe showed negative relationship with the neurocognitions (P < 0.001). Further MCN analysis expound that the degree of right Lobule VI/Crus II/VIII displayed decreased tendency as cognitive impairment worsened (P < 0.05, LSD post hoc analysis). After revascularization surgery, the SUVR of right cerebellar posterior lobe significantly promoted in improved group (P < 0.001). Besides, we also witnessed the SUVR improvement in left cerebral hemisphere, thalamus, and red nucleus (P < 0.001). The MCN analysis revealed that the posterior connective strength improvement among right Lobule VI and several cerebral regions significantly correlated with memory and executive screening (MES) score (P < 0.001, false discovery rate corrected).ConclusionWe found that the hypometabolism of cerebellar posterior lobe, especially in the right Lobule VI, was associated with MMV patients' neuropsychological performance, while the anterior lobe and vermis showed opposites tendencies. Combined revascularization surgery improved the posterior cerebellar metabolism and was associated with favorable neurocognitive outcomes, which might be related to the activation of cortico-rubral-cerebellar pathway.

Project description:BackgroundFluorine 18-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (18F-FAPI-04) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has shown promise for the visualization of advanced stage lung cancer. The accuracy of 18F-FAPI-04 compared with that of fluorine-18 labeled-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) in detecting early lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains unknown. Taking the surgical pathology of pulmonary nodule as the gold standard, the diagnostic performance of stage IA LUAD were compared between 18F-FAPI-04 PET/CT and 18F-FDG PET/CT, and the correlation between 18F-FAPI-04 uptake and pathological characteristics of stage IA LUAD.MethodsThis prospective study from February 2023 to October 2023 analyzed patients with stage IA LUAD who underwent simultaneous examinations with 18F-FAPI-04 and 18F-FDG PET/CT. Semi-quantitative parameters such as maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), tumor-to-background ratio (TBR), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), FAPI avid tumor volume (FTV), and total lesion FAP expression (TLF) were calculated. The two patterns were compared using either a paired Student's t-test or a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for detecting fibroblast activating protein (FAP) expression was performed in all resected tumor specimens. Correlation analysis was performed between 18F-FAPI-04 uptake and pathological features of stage IA LUAD.ResultsA total of 20 patients diagnosed with stage IA LUAD were included in this study. A total of 24 pulmonary nodules were identified in these 20 patients, all of whom were confirmed to have stage IA LUAD through operation and pathology. Of them, 17 nodules were stained by FAP immunohistochemistry. Compared with 18F-FDG, 18F-FAPI-04 PET/CT showed a statistically significant increase in SUVmax and TBR for stage IA LUAD, both in the overall and stratified analyses (adenocarcinoma in situ + minimally invasive adenocarcinoma groups vs. invasive adenocarcinoma groups; moderately vs. well-differentiated lesions; stage IA1 vs. IA2+3; P<0.05). The SUVmax of the intense FAP expression group was significantly higher than that of the mild FAP expression group, demonstrating a statistically significant difference (P=0.005). The FAP-IHC score was positively correlated with the SUVmax of 18F-FAPI-04 (r=0.64, P=0.005).Conclusions18F-FAPI-04 PET/CT demonstrates higher SUVmax and TBR than 18F-FDG PET/CT in the detection of stage IA LUAD. It was re-assured that the 18F-FAPI-04 uptake of stage IA LUAD was positively correlated with the expression of FAP in vitro.

Dataset Information

Brain glucose metabolism in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of ¹⁸FDG-PET studies in schizophrenia.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Brain glucose metabolism in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of <sup>18</sup>FDG-PET studies in schizophrenia.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets

Dataset Information

Brain glucose metabolism in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 18FDG-PET studies in schizophrenia.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Brain glucose metabolism in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of <sup>18</sup>FDG-PET studies in schizophrenia.

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets

Brain glucose metabolism in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of ¹⁸FDG-PET studies in schizophrenia.